diff options
author | 2016-02-17 11:41:45 +0100 | |
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committer | 2016-02-17 11:41:45 +0100 | |
commit | 4d8d9095a1ec83c78683bebbe2d1c7a604479d0c (patch) | |
tree | dd47899bea5f2e61963e82da012f10f059d6f410 | |
parent | 32630f09aacaec2d9c3eaf384dd80f886f50c3ac (diff) | |
parent | 74371049b132e1068ea519beee4a645c78f04f98 (diff) |
Merge pull request #628 from fulivi/hp9845_dev
Hp9845: tape driver added [F. Ulivi]
-rw-r--r-- | scripts/src/machine.lua | 12 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | scripts/target/mame/mess.lua | 1 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/devices/cpu/hphybrid/hphybrid.cpp | 9 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp | 1467 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h | 169 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | src/mame/drivers/hp9845.cpp | 75 |
6 files changed, 1713 insertions, 20 deletions
diff --git a/scripts/src/machine.lua b/scripts/src/machine.lua index 5a97d22d015..fbc923b3073 100644 --- a/scripts/src/machine.lua +++ b/scripts/src/machine.lua @@ -773,6 +773,18 @@ end --------------------------------------------------- -- +--@src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h,MACHINES["HP_TACO"] = true +--------------------------------------------------- + +if (MACHINES["HP_TACO"]~=null) then + files { + MAME_DIR .. "src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp", + MAME_DIR .. "src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h", + } +end + +--------------------------------------------------- +-- --@src/devices/machine/i2cmem.h,MACHINES["I2CMEM"] = true --------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/scripts/target/mame/mess.lua b/scripts/target/mame/mess.lua index cb9a150224a..80be3e7c76c 100644 --- a/scripts/target/mame/mess.lua +++ b/scripts/target/mame/mess.lua @@ -398,6 +398,7 @@ MACHINES["ER2055"] = true MACHINES["F3853"] = true MACHINES["HD63450"] = true MACHINES["HD64610"] = true +MACHINES["HP_TACO"] = true MACHINES["I2CMEM"] = true MACHINES["I80130"] = true MACHINES["I8089"] = true diff --git a/src/devices/cpu/hphybrid/hphybrid.cpp b/src/devices/cpu/hphybrid/hphybrid.cpp index 052c7058604..71aec796760 100644 --- a/src/devices/cpu/hphybrid/hphybrid.cpp +++ b/src/devices/cpu/hphybrid/hphybrid.cpp @@ -673,12 +673,7 @@ UINT16 hp_hybrid_cpu_device::RM(UINT32 addr) return RIO(CURRENT_PA , addr_wo_bsc - HP_REG_R4_ADDR); case HP_REG_IV_ADDR: - // Correct? - if (!BIT(m_flags , HPHYBRID_IRH_SVC_BIT) && !BIT(m_flags , HPHYBRID_IRL_SVC_BIT)) { - return m_reg_IV; - } else { - return m_reg_IV | CURRENT_PA; - } + return m_reg_IV; case HP_REG_PA_ADDR: return CURRENT_PA; @@ -1021,7 +1016,7 @@ void hp_hybrid_cpu_device::check_for_interrupts(void) // Do a double-indirect JSM IV,I instruction WM(AEC_CASE_C , ++m_reg_R , m_reg_P); - m_reg_P = RM(AEC_CASE_I , RM(HP_REG_IV_ADDR)); + m_reg_P = RM(AEC_CASE_I , m_reg_IV + CURRENT_PA); m_reg_I = fetch(); } diff --git a/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76203d31ee3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,1467 @@ +// license:BSD-3-Clause +// copyright-holders:F. Ulivi +/********************************************************************* + + hp_taco.cpp + + HP TApe COntroller (5006-3012) + +*********************************************************************/ + +// This device has been reverse engineered entirely through documents & study of HP software. +// I had no access to the real device to experiment. +// Available documentation on the internal working of TACO chip is close to nothing. The best +// I could find is [1] (see below) where all that's described is a (too) brief summary of registers and little else. +// In other words, no description of the commands that can be issued to TACO chips. +// So, my main source of information was the careful study of HP software, especially the 9845 system test ROM (09845-66520). +// The second half of this ROM holds a comprehensive set of tape drive tests. +// The main shortcomings of my approach are: +// * I could indentify only those TACO commands that are actually used by the software. I managed +// to identify 17 out of 32 possible commands. The purpose of the rest of commands is anyone's guess. +// * I could only guess the behavior of TACO chips in corner cases (especially behavior in various error/abnormal +// conditions) +// +// Documentation I used: +// [1] HP, manual 64940-90905, may 80 rev. - Model 64940A tape control & drive service manual +// [2] US patent 4,075,679 describing HP9825 system (this system had a discrete implementation of tape controller). The +// firmware listing was quite useful in identifying sequences of commands (for example how to find a specific sector etc.). +// [3] http://www.hp9845.net site +// [4] April 1978 issue of HP Journal. There is a one-page summary of TACO chip on page 20. + +// This is an overview of the TACO/CPU interface. +// +// Reg. | R/W | Content +// ===================== +// R4 | R/W | Data register: words read/written to/from tape pass through this register +// R5 | R/W | Command and status register (see below) +// R6 | R/W | Tachometer register. Writing it sets a pulse counter that counts up on either tachometer pulses or IRGs, depending +// | | on command. When the counter rolls over from 0xffff to 0 it typically ends the command. It's not clear to me +// | | what value could be read from this register, if it's just the same value that was written last time or the internal +// | | counter or something else entirely. +// R7 | R | Checksum register. Reading it clears it. +// R7 | W | Timing register. It controls somehow the encoding and decoding of bits. For now I completely ignore it because its +// | | content it's totally unknown to me. It seems safe to do so, anyway. I can see that it's always set to 0x661d before +// | | writing to tape and to 0x0635 before reading. +// +// Format of TACO command/status register (R5) +// Bit R/W Content +// =============== +// 15 RW Tape direction (1 = forward) +// 14..10 RW Command (see the "enum" below) +// 9 RW ? Drive ON according to [1], the actual use seems to be selection of gap length +// 8 RW ? Size of gaps according to [1], N/U in my opinion +// 7 RW Speed of tape (1 = 90 ips, 0 = 22 ips) +// 6 RW Option bit for various commands +// 5 R Current track (1 = B) +// 4 R Gap detected (1) +// 3 R Write protection (1) +// 2 R Servo failure (1) +// 1 R Cartridge out (1) +// 0 R Hole detected (1) + +// Here's a summary of the on-tape format of HP9845 systems. +// * A tape has two independent tracks (A & B). +// * Each track holds 426 sectors. +// * Each sector has an header and 256 bytes of payload (see below) +// * Sectors are separated by gaps of uniform magnetization called IRGs (Inter-Record Gaps) +// * The basic unit of data I/O are 16-bit words +// * Bits are encoded by different distances between magnetic flux reversals +// * The structure of tracks is: +// - Begin of tape holes +// - The deadzone: 350x 0xffff words +// - 1" of IRG +// - Sector #0 (track A) or #426 (track B) +// - 1" of IRG (2.5" on track A) +// - Sector #1 (track A) or #427 (track B) +// - 1" of IRG +// - Sector #2 (track A) or #428 (track B) +// - ...and so on up to sector #425/#851 +// - 6" of final gap +// - Non-recorded tape +// - End of tape holes +// * Sector #0 is not used +// * Sectors #1 and #2 hold the first copy of tape directory +// * Sectors #3 and #4 hold the second/backup copy of tape directory +// * User data are stored starting from sector #5 +// * There is no "fragmentation" map (like file allocation table in FAT filesystem): a file +// spanning more than 1 sector always occupy a single block of contiguous sectors. +// +// A sector is structured like this: +// Word 0: Invisible preamble word (always 0). Preamble comes from 9825, don't know if it's +// actually there in TACO encoding. I assumed it is. +// Word 1: Format/sector in use and other unidentified bits. +// Word 2: Sector number +// Word 3: Sector length and other bits +// Word 4: Checksum (sum of words 1..3) +// Words 5..132: Payload +// Word 133: Checksum (sum of words 5..132) +// +// Physical encoding of words is borrowed from 9825 as I wasn't able +// to gather any info on the actual encoding of TACO chips. +// This is how 9825 encodes words on tape: +// - the unit of encoding are 16-bit words +// - each word is encoded from MSB to LSB +// - each word has an extra invisible "1" encoded at the end +// - tape is read/written at slow speed only (21.98 ips) +// - a 0 is encoded with a distance between flux reversals of 1/35200 s +// (giving a maximum density of about 1600 reversals per inch) +// - a 1 is encoded with a distance that's 1.75 times that of a 0 +// +// This driver is based on the following model of the actual TACO/tape system: +// * Tape immediately reaches working speed (no spin-up time) +// * Inversion of tape direction and change of speed are immediate as well +// * Time & distance to stop the tape are modeled, though. Firmware is upset by +// a tape with null braking time/distance. +// * Speed of tape is exceptionally accurate. Real tape was controlled by a closed loop +// with something like 1% accuracy on speed. +// * Storage is modeled by one "map" data structure per track. Each map maps the tape position +// to the 16-bit word stored at that position. Gaps are modeled by lack of data in the map. +// There is no model of the physical encoding of bits (except to compute how long each word +// is on tape). +// * Read threshold is ignored. Real tapes could be read with either a low or high threshold. +// * "Flag" bit is used as a busy/ready signal in real TACO. Here I assumed the device is +// always ready, so Flag is always active. +// * I tried to fill the (many) gaps on chip behavior with "sensible" solutions. I could only +// validate my solutions by running the original firmware in MAME, though (no real hw at hand). +// +// TODOs/issues: +// * Some code cleanup +// * Handling of tape holes seems to be wrong: test "C" of test ROM only works partially +// * Find out what is read from register R6 +// * Handle device_image_interface::call_display to show state of tape +// * Find more info on TACO chips (does anyone with a working 9845 or access to internal HP docs want to +// help me here, please?) +// +#include "emu.h" +#include "hp_taco.h" + +// Debugging +#define VERBOSE 1 +#define LOG(x) do { if (VERBOSE) logerror x; } while (0) +#define VERBOSE_0 0 +#define LOG_0(x) do { if (VERBOSE_0) logerror x; } while (0) + +// Macros to clear/set single bits +#define BIT_MASK(n) (1U << (n)) +#define BIT_CLR(w , n) ((w) &= ~BIT_MASK(n)) +#define BIT_SET(w , n) ((w) |= BIT_MASK(n)) + +// Timers +enum { + TAPE_TMR_ID, + HOLE_TMR_ID +}; + +// Constants +#define CMD_REG_MASK 0xffc0 // Command register mask +#define STATUS_REG_MASK 0x003f // Status register mask +#define TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH 968 // Tachometer pulses per inch of tape movement +#define TAPE_POS_FRACT 1024 // 10 bits of fractional part in tape_pos_t +#define ONE_INCH_POS (TACH_TICKS_PER_INCH * TAPE_POS_FRACT) // Value in tape_pos_t representing 1 inch of tape +#define TACH_FREQ_SLOW 21276 // Tachometer pulse frequency for slow speed (21.98 ips) +#define TACH_FREQ_FAST 87196 // Tachometer pulse frequency for fast speed (90.08 ips) +#define TAPE_LENGTH ((140 * 12 + 72 * 2) * ONE_INCH_POS) // Tape length: 140 ft of usable tape + 72" of punched tape at either end +#define TAPE_INIT_POS (80 * ONE_INCH_POS) // Initial tape position: 80" from beginning (just past the punched part) +#define ZERO_BIT_LEN 619 // Length of 0 bits at slow tape speed: 1/(35200 Hz) +#define ONE_BIT_LEN 1083 // Length of 1 bits at slow tape speed: 1.75 times ZERO_BIT_LEN +#define QUICK_CMD_USEC 25 // usec for "quick" command execution +#define FAST_BRAKE_MSEC 73 // Braking time from fast speed to stop (2 ips) in msec (deceleration is 1200 in/s^2) +#define SLOW_BRAKE_MSEC 17 // Braking time from slow speed to stop in msec +#define FAST_BRAKE_DIST 3350450 // Braking distance at fast speed (~3.38 in) +#define SLOW_BRAKE_DIST 197883 // Braking distance at slow speed (~0.2 in) +#define PREAMBLE_WORD 0 // Value of preamble word +#define END_GAP_LENGTH (6 * ONE_INCH_POS) // Length of final gap: 6" +#define MIN_IRG_LENGTH ((tape_pos_t)(0.2 * ONE_INCH_POS)) // Minimum length of IRGs: 0.2" (from 9825, not sure about value in TACO) +#define NULL_TAPE_POS ((tape_pos_t)-1) // Special value for invalid/unknown tape position +#define NO_DATA_GAP (17 * ONE_BIT_LEN) // Minimum gap size to detect end of data: length of longest word (0xffff) +#define FILE_MAGIC 0x4f434154 // Magic value at start of image file: "TACO" + +// Parts of command register +#define CMD_CODE(reg) \ + (((reg) >> 10) & 0x1f) +#define DIR_FWD(reg) \ + (BIT(reg , 15)) +#define SPEED_FAST(reg) \ + (BIT(reg , 7)) +#define CMD_OPT(reg) \ + (BIT(reg , 6)) +#define UNKNOWN_B9(reg) \ + (BIT(reg , 9)) +#define DIR_FWD_MASK BIT_MASK(15) // Direction = forward +#define SPEED_FAST_MASK BIT_MASK(7) // Speed = fast + +// Commands +enum { + CMD_INDTA_INGAP, // 00: scan for data first then for gap + CMD_UNK_01, // 01: unknown + CMD_FINAL_GAP, // 02: write final gap + CMD_INIT_WRITE, // 03: write words for tape formatting + CMD_STOP, // 04: stop + CMD_UNK_05, // 05: unknown + CMD_SET_TRACK, // 06: set A/B track + CMD_UNK_07, // 07: unknown + CMD_UNK_08, // 08: unknown + CMD_UNK_09, // 09: unknown + CMD_MOVE, // 0a: move tape + CMD_UNK_0b, // 0b: unknown + CMD_INGAP_MOVE, // 0c: scan for gap then move a bit further (used to gain some margin when inverting tape movement) + CMD_UNK_0d, // 0d: unknown + CMD_CLEAR, // 0e: clear errors/unlatch status bits + CMD_UNK_0f, // 0f: unknown + CMD_NOT_INDTA, // 10: scan for end of data + CMD_UNK_11, // 11: unknown + CMD_UNK_12, // 12: unknown + CMD_UNK_13, // 13: unknown + CMD_UNK_14, // 14: unknown + CMD_UNK_15, // 15: unknown + CMD_WRITE_IRG, // 16: write inter-record gap + CMD_UNK_17, // 17: unknown + CMD_SCAN_RECORDS, // 18: scan records (count IRGs) + CMD_RECORD_WRITE, // 19: write record words + CMD_MOVE_INDTA, // 1a: move then scan for data + CMD_UNK_1b, // 1b: unknown (for now it seems harmless to handle it as NOP) + CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE, // 1c: move tape a given distance, intr at end or first hole found (whichever comes first) + CMD_START_READ, // 1d: start record reading + CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG, // 1e: move tape a given distance, detect gaps in parallel + CMD_END_READ // 1f: stop reading +}; + +// Bits of status register +#define STATUS_HOLE_BIT 0 // Hole detected +#define STATUS_CART_OUT_BIT 1 // Cartridge out +#define STATUS_SFAIL_BIT 2 // Servo failure +#define STATUS_WPR_BIT 3 // Write protection +#define STATUS_GAP_BIT 4 // Gap detected +#define STATUS_TRACKB_BIT 5 // Track B selected +#define STATUS_CART_OUT_MASK BIT_MASK(STATUS_CART_OUT_BIT) // Cartridge out +#define STATUS_WPR_MASK BIT_MASK(STATUS_WPR_BIT) // Write protection +#define STATUS_ERR_MASK (STATUS_CART_OUT_MASK) // Mask of errors in status reg. + +// *** Position of tape holes *** +// At beginning of tape: +// *START* +// |<-----24"----->|<---12"--->|<---12"--->|<-----24"----->| +// O O O O O O O +// |<->| |<->| |<->| +// 0.218" 0.218" 0.218" +// At end of tape: +// *END* +// |<-----24"----->|<---12"--->|<---12"--->|<-----24"----->| +// O O O O +// +static const hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t tape_holes[] = { + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(23.891 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 24 - 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(24.109 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 24 + 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(35.891 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 36 - 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(36.109 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 36 + 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(47.891 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 48 - 0.218 / 2 + (hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t)(48.109 * ONE_INCH_POS), // 48 + 0.218 / 2 + 72 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 72 + 1752 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 1752 + 1776 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 1776 + 1788 * ONE_INCH_POS, // 1788 + 1800 * ONE_INCH_POS // 1800 +}; + +// Device type definition +const device_type HP_TACO = &device_creator<hp_taco_device>; + +// Constructors +hp_taco_device::hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *name, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock, const char *shortname) + : device_t(mconfig, type, name, tag, owner, clock, shortname, __FILE__), + device_image_interface(mconfig , *this), + m_irq_handler(*this), + m_flg_handler(*this), + m_sts_handler(*this), + m_tape_pos(TAPE_INIT_POS), + m_image_dirty(false) +{ + clear_state(); +} + +hp_taco_device::hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock) + : device_t(mconfig, HP_TACO, "HP TACO", tag, owner, clock, "TACO", __FILE__), + device_image_interface(mconfig , *this), + m_irq_handler(*this), + m_flg_handler(*this), + m_sts_handler(*this), + m_tape_pos(TAPE_INIT_POS), + m_image_dirty(false) +{ + clear_state(); +} + +WRITE16_MEMBER(hp_taco_device::reg_w) +{ + LOG_0(("wr R%u = %04x\n", 4 + offset , data)); + + // Any I/O activity clears IRQ + irq_w(false); + + switch (offset) { + case 0: + // Data register + m_data_reg = data; + m_data_reg_full = true; + break; + + case 1: + // Command register + start_cmd_exec(data & CMD_REG_MASK); + break; + + case 2: + // Tachometer register + m_tach_reg = data; + break; + + case 3: + // Timing register + m_timing_reg = data; + break; + } +} + +READ16_MEMBER(hp_taco_device::reg_r) +{ + UINT16 res = 0; + + // Any I/O activity clears IRQ + irq_w(false); + + switch (offset) { + case 0: + // Data register + res = m_data_reg; + break; + + case 1: + // Command & status register + res = (m_cmd_reg & CMD_REG_MASK) | (m_status_reg & STATUS_REG_MASK); + break; + + case 2: + // Tachometer register + res = m_tach_reg; + break; + + case 3: + // Checksum register: it clears when read + res = m_checksum_reg; + m_checksum_reg = 0; + break; + } + + LOG_0(("rd R%u = %04x\n", 4 + offset , res)); + + return res; +} + +READ_LINE_MEMBER(hp_taco_device::flg_r) +{ + return m_flg; +} + +READ_LINE_MEMBER(hp_taco_device::sts_r) +{ + return m_sts; +} + +// device_config_complete +void hp_taco_device::device_config_complete() +{ + LOG(("device_config_complete")); + update_names(); +} + +// device_start +void hp_taco_device::device_start() +{ + LOG(("device_start")); + m_irq_handler.resolve_safe(); + m_flg_handler.resolve_safe(); + m_sts_handler.resolve_safe(); + + save_item(NAME(m_data_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_data_reg_full)); + save_item(NAME(m_cmd_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_cmd_state)); + save_item(NAME(m_status_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_tach_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_checksum_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_timing_reg)); + save_item(NAME(m_irq)); + save_item(NAME(m_flg)); + save_item(NAME(m_sts)); + save_item(NAME(m_tape_pos)); + save_item(NAME(m_start_time)); + save_item(NAME(m_tape_fwd)); + save_item(NAME(m_tape_fast)); + save_item(NAME(m_image_dirty)); + save_item(NAME(m_tape_wr)); + save_item(NAME(m_rw_pos)); + save_item(NAME(m_next_word)); + save_item(NAME(m_rd_it_valid)); + save_item(NAME(m_gap_detect_start)); + + m_tape_timer = timer_alloc(TAPE_TMR_ID); + m_hole_timer = timer_alloc(HOLE_TMR_ID); +} + +// device_stop +void hp_taco_device::device_stop() +{ +} + +// device_reset +void hp_taco_device::device_reset() +{ + LOG(("device_reset")); + clear_state(); + + m_irq = false; + m_flg = true; + + m_irq_handler(false); + m_flg_handler(true); + set_error(false); +} + +void hp_taco_device::device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) +{ + if (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg) != CMD_STOP) { + update_tape_pos(); + } + + switch (id) { + case TAPE_TMR_ID: + LOG_0(("Tape tmr @%g\n" , machine().time().as_double())); + + tape_pos_t length; + + switch (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg)) { + case CMD_INDTA_INGAP: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 1, MIN_IRG_LENGTH)) { + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(target)); + } + return; + } + break; + + case CMD_RECORD_WRITE: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + if (m_rd_it->second == PREAMBLE_WORD) { + LOG_0(("Got preamble\n")); + m_cmd_state = 1; + // m_rw_pos already at correct position + m_tape_timer->adjust(fetch_next_wr_word()); + break; + } else { + adv_res_t res = adv_it(m_rd_it); + if (res != ADV_NO_MORE_DATA) { + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos)); + } + // No IRQ + return; + } + } + // Intentional fall-through + case CMD_INIT_WRITE: + write_word(m_rw_pos , m_next_word , length); + pos_offset(m_rw_pos , length); + // Just to be sure.. + m_tape_pos = m_rw_pos; + m_tape_timer->adjust(fetch_next_wr_word()); + break; + + case CMD_STOP: + move_tape_pos(m_tape_fast ? FAST_BRAKE_DIST : SLOW_BRAKE_DIST); + stop_tape(); + break; + + case CMD_INGAP_MOVE: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_tach_pulses()); + return; + } + break; + + case CMD_FINAL_GAP: + case CMD_WRITE_IRG: + write_gap(m_rw_pos , m_tape_pos); + m_hole_timer->reset(); + break; + + case CMD_SCAN_RECORDS: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 0x10000U - m_tach_reg, MIN_IRG_LENGTH)) { + LOG_0(("%u gaps @%d\n" , 0x10000U - m_tach_reg, target)); + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(target)); + } + return; + } else { + m_hole_timer->reset(); + } + break; + + case CMD_MOVE_INDTA: + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + if (next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , true)) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_target(farthest_end(m_rd_it))); + } + // No IRQ + return; + } + // m_cmd_state == 1 -> IRQ & cmd end + break; + + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE: + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: + // Interrupt at end of movement + m_hole_timer->reset(); + break; + + case CMD_START_READ: + { + bool set_intr = true; + // Just to be sure.. + m_tape_pos = m_rw_pos; + if (m_cmd_state == 0) { + set_intr = false; + if (m_rd_it->second == PREAMBLE_WORD) { + m_cmd_state = 1; + } + LOG_0(("Got preamble\n")); + } else { + m_data_reg = m_rd_it->second; + m_checksum_reg += m_data_reg; + LOG_0(("RD %04x\n" , m_data_reg)); + } + adv_res_t res = adv_it(m_rd_it); + LOG_0(("adv_it %d\n" , res)); + if (res == ADV_NO_MORE_DATA) { + m_rd_it_valid = false; + } else { + if (res == ADV_DISCONT_DATA) { + // Hit a gap, restart preamble search + m_cmd_state = 0; + } + m_tape_timer->adjust(time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos)); + } + if (!set_intr) { + return; + } + } + break; + + case CMD_END_READ: + { + m_tape_pos = m_rw_pos; + // Note: checksum is not updated + m_data_reg = m_rd_it->second; + LOG_0(("Final RD %04x\n" , m_data_reg)); + adv_res_t res = adv_it(m_rd_it); + if (res == ADV_NO_MORE_DATA) { + m_rd_it_valid = false; + } + m_hole_timer->reset(); + } + break; + + default: + // Other commands: just raise irq + break; + } + irq_w(true); + break; + + case HOLE_TMR_ID: + LOG_0(("Hole tmr @%g\n" , machine().time().as_double())); + + BIT_SET(m_status_reg , STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + + switch (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg)) { + case CMD_FINAL_GAP: + case CMD_WRITE_IRG: + write_gap(m_rw_pos , m_tape_pos); + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + break; + + case CMD_SCAN_RECORDS: + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE: + // Cmds 18 & 1c are terminated at first hole + m_tape_timer->reset(); + irq_w(true); + // No reloading of hole timer + return; + + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: + // TODO: update r6 + m_hole_timer->adjust(time_to_next_hole()); + // No IRQ at holes + return; + + case CMD_START_READ: + case CMD_END_READ: + set_error(true); + break; + + default: + // Other cmds: default processing (update tape pos, set IRQ, schedule timer for next hole) + break; + } + + irq_w(true); + m_hole_timer->adjust(time_to_next_hole()); + break; + + default: + break; + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::clear_state(void) +{ + m_data_reg = 0; + m_data_reg_full = false; + m_cmd_reg = 0; + m_status_reg = 0; + m_tach_reg = 0; + m_checksum_reg = 0; + m_timing_reg = 0; + m_cmd_state = 0; + // m_tape_pos is not reset, tape stays where it is + m_start_time = attotime::never; + m_tape_fwd = false; + m_tape_fast = false; + // m_image_dirty is not touched + m_tape_wr = false; + m_rw_pos = 0; + m_next_word = 0; + m_rd_it_valid = false; + m_gap_detect_start = NULL_TAPE_POS; + + set_tape_present(false); + set_tape_present(is_loaded()); +} + +void hp_taco_device::irq_w(bool state) +{ + if (state != m_irq) { + m_irq = state; + m_irq_handler(state); + LOG_0(("IRQ = %d\n" , state)); + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::set_error(bool state) +{ + m_sts = !state; + m_sts_handler(m_sts); + LOG_0(("error = %d\n" , state)); +} + +unsigned hp_taco_device::speed_to_tick_freq(void) const +{ + return m_tape_fast ? TACH_FREQ_FAST * TAPE_POS_FRACT : TACH_FREQ_SLOW * TAPE_POS_FRACT; +} + +bool hp_taco_device::pos_offset(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_pos_t offset) const +{ + if (offset == 0) { + return true; + } + + if (!m_tape_fwd) { + offset = -offset; + } + + pos += offset; + + // In real life tape would unspool.. + if (pos > TAPE_LENGTH) { + pos = TAPE_LENGTH; + return false; + } else if (pos < 0) { + pos = 0; + return false; + } else { + return true; + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::move_tape_pos(tape_pos_t delta_pos) +{ + tape_pos_t tape_start_pos = m_tape_pos; + if (!pos_offset(m_tape_pos , delta_pos)) { + LOG(("Tape unspooled!\n")); + } + m_start_time = machine().time(); + LOG_0(("Tape pos = %u\n" , m_tape_pos)); + if (any_hole(tape_start_pos , m_tape_pos)) { + // Crossed one or more holes + BIT_SET(m_status_reg , STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::update_tape_pos(void) +{ + if (m_start_time.is_never()) { + // Tape not moving + return; + } + + attotime delta_time(machine().time() - m_start_time); + LOG_0(("delta_time = %g\n" , delta_time.as_double())); + // How many tachometer ticks has the tape moved? + tape_pos_t delta_tach = (tape_pos_t)(delta_time.as_ticks(speed_to_tick_freq())); + LOG_0(("delta_tach = %u\n" , delta_tach)); + + move_tape_pos(delta_tach); + + // Gap detection + bool gap_detected = false; + if (m_gap_detect_start != NULL_TAPE_POS && abs(m_gap_detect_start - m_tape_pos) >= MIN_IRG_LENGTH) { + tape_pos_t tmp = m_tape_pos; + pos_offset(tmp , -MIN_IRG_LENGTH); + gap_detected = just_gap(tmp , m_tape_pos); + } + if (gap_detected) { + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } else { + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::ensure_a_lt_b(tape_pos_t& a , tape_pos_t& b) +{ + if (a > b) { + // Ensure A always comes before B + tape_pos_t tmp; + tmp = a; + a = b; + b = tmp; + } +} + +// Is there any hole in a given section of tape? +bool hp_taco_device::any_hole(tape_pos_t tape_pos_a , tape_pos_t tape_pos_b) +{ + ensure_a_lt_b(tape_pos_a , tape_pos_b); + + for (tape_pos_t hole : tape_holes) { + if (tape_pos_a < hole && tape_pos_b >= hole) { + return true; + } + } + + return false; +} + +// Position of next hole tape will reach in a given direction +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::next_hole(void) const +{ + if (m_tape_fwd) { + for (tape_pos_t hole : tape_holes) { + if (hole > m_tape_pos) { + LOG_0(("next hole fwd @%u = %u\n" , m_tape_pos , hole)); + return hole; + } + } + // No more holes: will hit end of tape + return TAPE_LENGTH; + } else { + for (int i = (sizeof(tape_holes) / sizeof(tape_holes[ 0 ])) - 1; i >= 0; i--) { + if (tape_holes[ i ] < m_tape_pos) { + LOG_0(("next hole rev @%u = %u\n" , m_tape_pos , tape_holes[ i ])); + return tape_holes[ i ]; + } + } + // No more holes: will hit start of tape + return 0; + } +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_distance(tape_pos_t distance) const +{ + // +1 for rounding + return attotime::from_ticks(distance + 1 , speed_to_tick_freq()); +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_target(tape_pos_t target) const +{ + return time_to_distance(abs(target - m_tape_pos)); +} + +bool hp_taco_device::start_tape_cmd(UINT16 cmd_reg , UINT16 must_be_1 , UINT16 must_be_0) +{ + m_cmd_reg = cmd_reg; + + UINT16 to_be_tested = (m_cmd_reg & CMD_REG_MASK) | (m_status_reg & STATUS_REG_MASK); + // Bits in STATUS_ERR_MASK must always be 0 + must_be_0 |= STATUS_ERR_MASK; + + // It's not an error if the error state is already set (sts false) + if (((to_be_tested & (must_be_1 | must_be_0)) ^ must_be_1) != 0) { + set_error(true); + return false; + } else { + bool prev_tape_wr = m_tape_wr; + bool prev_tape_fwd = m_tape_fwd; + bool prev_tape_fast = m_tape_fast; + bool not_moving = m_start_time.is_never(); + + m_start_time = machine().time(); + m_tape_wr = (must_be_0 & STATUS_WPR_MASK) != 0; + m_tape_fwd = DIR_FWD(m_cmd_reg); + m_tape_fast = SPEED_FAST(m_cmd_reg); + // TODO: remove? + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + + if (m_tape_wr) { + // Write command: disable gap detector + m_gap_detect_start = NULL_TAPE_POS; + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + m_image_dirty = true; + } else if (not_moving || prev_tape_wr != m_tape_wr || prev_tape_fwd != m_tape_fwd || prev_tape_fast != m_tape_fast) { + // Tape started right now, switched from writing to reading, direction changed or speed changed: (re)start gap detector + m_gap_detect_start = m_tape_pos; + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_GAP_BIT); + } + return true; + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::stop_tape(void) +{ + m_start_time = attotime::never; + m_gap_detect_start = NULL_TAPE_POS; +} + +hp_taco_device::tape_track_t& hp_taco_device::current_track(void) +{ + return m_tracks[ BIT(m_status_reg , STATUS_TRACKB_BIT) ]; +} + +// Return physical length of a 16-bit word on tape +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::word_length(tape_word_t w) +{ + unsigned zeros , ones; + + // pop count of w + ones = (w & 0x5555) + ((w >> 1) & 0x5555); + ones = (ones & 0x3333) + ((ones >> 2) & 0x3333); + ones = (ones & 0x0f0f) + ((ones >> 4) & 0x0f0f); + ones = (ones & 0x00ff) + ((ones >> 8) & 0x00ff); + + zeros = 16 - ones; + + return zeros * ZERO_BIT_LEN + (ones + 1) * ONE_BIT_LEN; +} + +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::word_end_pos(const tape_track_t::iterator& it) +{ + return it->first + word_length(it->second); +} + +void hp_taco_device::adjust_it(tape_track_t& track , tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos) +{ + if (it != track.begin()) { + it--; + if (word_end_pos(it) <= pos) { + it++; + } + } +} + +// Write a word on current tape track +void hp_taco_device::write_word(tape_pos_t start , tape_word_t word , tape_pos_t& length) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + tape_track_t::iterator it_low = track.lower_bound(start); + adjust_it(track , it_low , start); + length = word_length(word); + tape_pos_t end_pos = start + length; + tape_track_t::iterator it_high = track.lower_bound(end_pos); + + track.erase(it_low , it_high); + + track.insert(it_high , std::make_pair(start, word)); + LOG_0(("WR %04x @ T%u:%u\n" , word , BIT(m_status_reg , STATUS_TRACKB_BIT) , start)); +} + +// Write a gap on current track +void hp_taco_device::write_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b) +{ + ensure_a_lt_b(a , b); + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + tape_track_t::iterator it_low = track.lower_bound(a); + adjust_it(track , it_low , a); + tape_track_t::iterator it_high = track.lower_bound(b); + + track.erase(it_low, it_high); + + LOG_0(("GAP on T%u:[%u,%u)\n" , BIT(m_status_reg , STATUS_TRACKB_BIT) , a , b)); +} + +bool hp_taco_device::just_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b) +{ + ensure_a_lt_b(a , b); + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + tape_track_t::iterator it_low = track.lower_bound(a); + tape_track_t::iterator it_high = track.lower_bound(b); + + adjust_it(track, it_low, a); + + return it_low == it_high; +} + +hp_taco_device::tape_pos_t hp_taco_device::farthest_end(const tape_track_t::iterator& it) const +{ + if (m_tape_fwd) { + return word_end_pos(it); + } else { + return it->first; + } +} + +bool hp_taco_device::next_data(tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos , bool inclusive) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + it = track.lower_bound(pos); + if (m_tape_fwd) { + if (inclusive) { + adjust_it(track, it, pos); + } + return it != track.end(); + } else { + // Never more than 2 iterations + do { + if (it == track.begin()) { + it = track.end(); + return false; + } + it--; + } while (!inclusive && word_end_pos(it) > pos); + return true; + } +} + +hp_taco_device::adv_res_t hp_taco_device::adv_it(tape_track_t::iterator& it) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + if (m_tape_fwd) { + tape_pos_t prev_pos = word_end_pos(it); + it++; + if (it == track.end()) { + return ADV_NO_MORE_DATA; + } else { + adv_res_t res = prev_pos == it->first ? ADV_CONT_DATA : ADV_DISCONT_DATA; + return res; + } + } else { + if (it == track.begin()) { + it = track.end(); + return ADV_NO_MORE_DATA; + } else { + tape_pos_t prev_pos = it->first; + it--; + return prev_pos == word_end_pos(it) ? ADV_CONT_DATA : ADV_DISCONT_DATA; + } + } +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::fetch_next_wr_word(void) +{ + if (m_data_reg_full) { + m_next_word = m_data_reg; + m_data_reg_full = false; + LOG_0(("next %04x (DR)\n" , m_next_word)); + } else { + // When data register is empty, write checksum word + m_next_word = m_checksum_reg; + LOG_0(("next %04x (CS)\n" , m_next_word)); + } + // Update checksum with new word + m_checksum_reg += m_next_word; + + return time_to_distance(word_length(m_next_word)); +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_rd_next_word(tape_pos_t& word_rd_pos) +{ + if (m_rd_it_valid) { + word_rd_pos = farthest_end(m_rd_it); + return time_to_target(word_rd_pos); + } else { + return attotime::never; + } +} + +/** + * Scan for next "n_gaps" gaps + * + * @param[in,out] pos Start position on input, start of gap on output + * @param it Pointer to data word where scan is to start + * @param n_gaps Number of gaps to scan + * @param min_gap Minimum gap size + * + * @return true if n_gaps gaps are found + */ +bool hp_taco_device::next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_track_t::iterator it , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap) +{ + tape_track_t& track = current_track(); + bool done = false; + tape_track_t::iterator prev_it; + + if (m_tape_fwd) { + tape_pos_t next_pos; + + while (1) { + if (it == track.end()) { + next_pos = TAPE_LENGTH; + done = true; + } else { + next_pos = it->first; + } + if (((next_pos - pos) >= min_gap && --n_gaps == 0) || done) { + break; + } + adv_res_t adv_res; + do { + prev_it = it; + adv_res = adv_it(it); + } while (adv_res == ADV_CONT_DATA); + pos = word_end_pos(prev_it); + } + } else { + tape_pos_t next_pos; + + while (1) { + if (it == track.end()) { + next_pos = 0; + done = true; + } else { + next_pos = word_end_pos(it); + } + if (((pos - next_pos) >= min_gap && --n_gaps == 0) || done) { + break; + } + adv_res_t adv_res; + do { + prev_it = it; + adv_res = adv_it(it); + } while (adv_res == ADV_CONT_DATA); + pos = prev_it->first; + } + } + + // Set "pos" where minimum gap size is met + pos_offset(pos , min_gap); + + return n_gaps == 0; +} + +bool hp_taco_device::next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap) +{ + tape_track_t::iterator it; + // First align with next data + next_data(it, pos, true); + // Then scan for n_gaps + return next_n_gap(pos, it, n_gaps, min_gap); +} + +void hp_taco_device::clear_tape(void) +{ + for (unsigned track_n = 0; track_n < 2; track_n++) { + m_tracks[ track_n ].clear(); + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::dump_sequence(tape_track_t::const_iterator it_start , unsigned n_words) +{ + if (n_words) { + UINT32 tmp32; + UINT16 tmp16; + + tmp32 = n_words; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32)); + tmp32 = it_start->first; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32)); + + for (unsigned i = 0; i < n_words; i++) { + tmp16 = it_start->second; + fwrite(&tmp16 , sizeof(tmp16)); + it_start++; + } + } +} + +void hp_taco_device::save_tape(void) +{ + UINT32 tmp32; + + fseek(0, SEEK_SET); + + tmp32 = FILE_MAGIC; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32)); + + for (unsigned track_n = 0; track_n < 2; track_n++) { + const tape_track_t& track = m_tracks[ track_n ]; + tape_pos_t next_pos = (tape_pos_t)-1; + unsigned n_words = 0; + tape_track_t::const_iterator it_start; + for (tape_track_t::const_iterator it = track.cbegin(); it != track.cend(); it++) { + if (it->first != next_pos) { + dump_sequence(it_start , n_words); + it_start = it; + n_words = 0; + } + next_pos = it->first + word_length(it->second); + n_words++; + } + dump_sequence(it_start , n_words); + // End of track + tmp32 = (UINT32)-1; + fwrite(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32)); + } +} + +bool hp_taco_device::load_track(tape_track_t& track) +{ + UINT32 tmp32; + + track.clear(); + + while (1) { + if (fread(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32)) != sizeof(tmp32)) { + return false; + } + + if (tmp32 == (UINT32)-1) { + return true; + } + + unsigned n_words = tmp32; + + if (fread(&tmp32 , sizeof(tmp32)) != sizeof(tmp32)) { + return false; + } + + tape_pos_t pos = (tape_pos_t)tmp32; + + for (unsigned i = 0; i < n_words; i++) { + UINT16 tmp16; + + if (fread(&tmp16 , sizeof(tmp16)) != sizeof(tmp16)) { + return false; + } + + track.insert(std::make_pair(pos , tmp16)); + pos += word_length(tmp16); + } + } +} + +bool hp_taco_device::load_tape(void) +{ + UINT32 magic; + + if (fread(&magic , sizeof(magic)) != sizeof(magic) || + magic != FILE_MAGIC) { + return false; + } + + for (unsigned track_n = 0; track_n < 2; track_n++) { + if (!load_track(m_tracks[ track_n ])) { + LOG(("load_tape failed")); + clear_tape(); + return false; + } + } + + LOG(("load_tape done\n")); + return true; +} + +void hp_taco_device::set_tape_present(bool present) +{ + if (present) { + if (is_readonly()) { + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_WPR_BIT); + } else { + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_WPR_BIT); + } + // STATUS_CART_OUT_BIT is reset by CMD_CLEAR + } else { + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_CART_OUT_BIT); + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_WPR_BIT); + } +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_next_hole(void) const +{ + return time_to_target(next_hole()); +} + +attotime hp_taco_device::time_to_tach_pulses(void) const +{ + return time_to_distance((tape_pos_t)(0x10000U - m_tach_reg) * TAPE_POS_FRACT); +} + +void hp_taco_device::start_cmd_exec(UINT16 new_cmd_reg) +{ + LOG(("Cmd = %02x\n" , CMD_CODE(new_cmd_reg))); + + update_tape_pos(); + + attotime cmd_duration = attotime::never; + attotime time_to_hole = attotime::never; + + unsigned new_cmd_code = CMD_CODE(new_cmd_reg); + + if (new_cmd_code != CMD_START_READ && + new_cmd_code != CMD_END_READ && + new_cmd_code != CMD_CLEAR) { + m_rd_it_valid = false; + } + + switch (new_cmd_code) { + case CMD_INDTA_INGAP: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + if (next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , true)) { + cmd_duration = time_to_target(farthest_end(m_rd_it)); + } + } + break; + + case CMD_FINAL_GAP: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , STATUS_WPR_MASK)) { + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + cmd_duration = time_to_distance(END_GAP_LENGTH); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_CLEAR: + set_error(false); + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_HOLE_BIT); + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_CART_OUT_BIT); + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_WPR_BIT); + set_tape_present(is_loaded()); + // This is a special command: it doesn't raise IRQ at completion and it + // doesn't replace current command + return; + + case CMD_NOT_INDTA: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 1, NO_DATA_GAP)) { + LOG_0(("End of data @%d\n" , target)); + cmd_duration = time_to_target(target); + } + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_INIT_WRITE: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT,fast speed,reverse + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , DIR_FWD_MASK , STATUS_WPR_MASK | SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_next_word = PREAMBLE_WORD; + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + cmd_duration = time_to_distance(word_length(m_next_word)); + } + break; + + case CMD_STOP: + if (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg) != CMD_STOP) { + if (m_start_time.is_never()) { + // Tape is already stopped + cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); + } else { + // Start braking timer + cmd_duration = attotime::from_msec(m_tape_fast ? FAST_BRAKE_MSEC : SLOW_BRAKE_MSEC); + } + m_cmd_reg = new_cmd_reg; + } else { + // TODO: check if ok + return; + } + break; + + case CMD_SET_TRACK: + // Don't know if this command really starts the tape or not (probably it doesn't) + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + // When b9 is 0, set track A/B + // When b9 is 1, ignore command (in TACO chip it has an unknown purpose) + if (!UNKNOWN_B9(new_cmd_reg)) { + if (CMD_OPT(new_cmd_reg)) { + BIT_SET(m_status_reg, STATUS_TRACKB_BIT); + } else { + BIT_CLR(m_status_reg, STATUS_TRACKB_BIT); + } + } + cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); + } + break; + + case CMD_MOVE: + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_INGAP_MOVE: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + tape_pos_t target = m_tape_pos; + if (next_n_gap(target, 1, MIN_IRG_LENGTH)) { + LOG_0(("IRG @%d\n" , target)); + cmd_duration = time_to_target(target); + } + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_WRITE_IRG: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , STATUS_WPR_MASK)) { + m_rw_pos = m_tape_pos; + cmd_duration = time_to_tach_pulses(); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_SCAN_RECORDS: + // Errors: CART OUT + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + if (next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , true)) { + cmd_duration = time_to_target(farthest_end(m_rd_it)); + } + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_RECORD_WRITE: + // Errors: WP,CART OUT,fast speed,reverse + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , DIR_FWD_MASK , STATUS_WPR_MASK | SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + // Search for preamble first + m_cmd_state = 0; + m_rd_it_valid = next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , false); + cmd_duration = time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos); + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_MOVE_INDTA: + // Errors: CART OUT,FAST SPEED + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + m_cmd_state = 0; + cmd_duration = time_to_tach_pulses(); + // Holes detected? + } + break; + + case CMD_UNK_1b: + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + // Unknown purpose, but make it a NOP (it's used in "T" test of test ROM) + cmd_duration = attotime::from_usec(QUICK_CMD_USEC); + } + break; + + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_HOLE: + case CMD_DELTA_MOVE_IRG: + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , 0)) { + cmd_duration = time_to_tach_pulses(); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_START_READ: + // Yes, you can read tape backwards: test "C" does that! + // Because of this DIR_FWD_MASK is not in the "must be 1" mask. + if (start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + // TODO: check anche m_rw_pos sforato + if (!m_rd_it_valid) { + // Search for preamble first + m_cmd_state = 0; + m_rd_it_valid = next_data(m_rd_it , m_tape_pos , false); + } + + cmd_duration = time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + case CMD_END_READ: + // This command only makes sense after CMD_START_READ + if (CMD_CODE(m_cmd_reg) == CMD_START_READ && m_cmd_state == 1 && + start_tape_cmd(new_cmd_reg , 0 , SPEED_FAST_MASK)) { + LOG_0(("END_READ %d\n" , m_rd_it_valid)); + cmd_duration = time_to_rd_next_word(m_rw_pos); + time_to_hole = time_to_next_hole(); + } + break; + + default: + LOG(("Unrecognized command\n")); + break; + } + + m_tape_timer->adjust(cmd_duration); + m_hole_timer->adjust(time_to_hole); +} + +bool hp_taco_device::call_load() +{ + LOG(("call_load %d\n" , has_been_created())); + if (has_been_created()) { + clear_tape(); + save_tape(); + } else if (!load_tape()) { + seterror(IMAGE_ERROR_INVALIDIMAGE , "Wrong format"); + set_tape_present(false); + return IMAGE_INIT_FAIL; + } + + m_image_dirty = false; + + set_tape_present(true); + return IMAGE_INIT_PASS; +} + +bool hp_taco_device::call_create(int format_type, option_resolution *format_options) +{ + LOG(("call_create %d\n" , has_been_created())); + return call_load(); +} + +void hp_taco_device::call_unload() +{ + LOG(("call_unload dirty=%d\n" , m_image_dirty)); + if (m_image_dirty) { + save_tape(); + m_image_dirty = false; + } + + clear_tape(); + set_tape_present(false); +} + +const char *hp_taco_device::file_extensions() const +{ + return "hti"; +} diff --git a/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c8b794c79a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/devices/machine/hp_taco.h @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ +// license:BSD-3-Clause +// copyright-holders:F. Ulivi +/********************************************************************* + + hp_taco.h + + HP TApe COntroller (5006-3012) + +*********************************************************************/ + +#ifndef __HP_TACO_H__ +#define __HP_TACO_H__ + +#include <map> + +#define MCFG_TACO_IRQ_HANDLER(_devcb) \ + devcb = &hp_taco_device::set_irq_handler(*device , DEVCB_##_devcb); + +#define MCFG_TACO_FLG_HANDLER(_devcb) \ + devcb = &hp_taco_device::set_flg_handler(*device , DEVCB_##_devcb); + +#define MCFG_TACO_STS_HANDLER(_devcb) \ + devcb = &hp_taco_device::set_sts_handler(*device , DEVCB_##_devcb); + +class hp_taco_device : public device_t , + public device_image_interface +{ +public: + // construction/destruction + hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *name, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock, const char *shortname); + hp_taco_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock); + + // static configuration helpers + template<class _Object> static devcb_base &set_irq_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast<hp_taco_device &>(device).m_irq_handler.set_callback(object); } + template<class _Object> static devcb_base &set_flg_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast<hp_taco_device &>(device).m_flg_handler.set_callback(object); } + template<class _Object> static devcb_base &set_sts_handler(device_t &device, _Object object) { return downcast<hp_taco_device &>(device).m_sts_handler.set_callback(object); } + + // Register read/write + DECLARE_WRITE16_MEMBER(reg_w); + DECLARE_READ16_MEMBER(reg_r); + + // Flag & status read + DECLARE_READ_LINE_MEMBER(flg_r); + DECLARE_READ_LINE_MEMBER(sts_r); + + // device_image_interface overrides + virtual bool call_load() override; + virtual bool call_create(int format_type, option_resolution *format_options) override; + virtual void call_unload() override; + virtual iodevice_t image_type() const override { return IO_MAGTAPE; } + virtual bool is_readable() const override { return true; } + virtual bool is_writeable() const override { return true; } + virtual bool is_creatable() const override { return true; } + virtual bool must_be_loaded() const override { return false; } + virtual bool is_reset_on_load() const override { return false; } + virtual const char *file_extensions() const override; + virtual const option_guide *create_option_guide() const override { return nullptr; } + + // Tape position, 1 unit = 1 inch / (968 * 1024) + typedef INT32 tape_pos_t; + + // Words stored on tape + typedef UINT16 tape_word_t; + +protected: + // device-level overrides + virtual void device_config_complete() override; + virtual void device_start() override; + virtual void device_stop() override; + virtual void device_reset() override; + virtual void device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) override; + +private: + // Storage of tracks: mapping from a tape position to word stored there + typedef std::map<tape_pos_t , tape_word_t> tape_track_t; + + devcb_write_line m_irq_handler; + devcb_write_line m_flg_handler; + devcb_write_line m_sts_handler; + + // Registers + UINT16 m_data_reg; + bool m_data_reg_full; + UINT16 m_cmd_reg; + UINT16 m_status_reg; + UINT16 m_tach_reg; + UINT16 m_checksum_reg; + UINT16 m_timing_reg; + + // State + bool m_irq; + bool m_flg; + bool m_sts; + UINT8 m_cmd_state; + + // Tape position & motion + tape_pos_t m_tape_pos; + attotime m_start_time; // Tape moving if != never + bool m_tape_fwd; + bool m_tape_fast; + + // Timers + emu_timer *m_tape_timer; + emu_timer *m_hole_timer; + + // Content of tape tracks + tape_track_t m_tracks[ 2 ]; + bool m_image_dirty; + + // Reading & writing + bool m_tape_wr; + tape_pos_t m_rw_pos; + UINT16 m_next_word; + tape_track_t::iterator m_rd_it; + bool m_rd_it_valid; + + // Gap detection + tape_pos_t m_gap_detect_start; + + typedef enum { + ADV_NO_MORE_DATA, + ADV_CONT_DATA, + ADV_DISCONT_DATA + } adv_res_t; + + void clear_state(void); + void irq_w(bool state); + void set_error(bool state); + unsigned speed_to_tick_freq(void) const; + bool pos_offset(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_pos_t offset) const; + void move_tape_pos(tape_pos_t delta_pos); + void update_tape_pos(void); + static void ensure_a_lt_b(tape_pos_t& a , tape_pos_t& b); + static bool any_hole(tape_pos_t tape_pos_a , tape_pos_t tape_pos_b); + tape_pos_t next_hole(void) const; + attotime time_to_distance(tape_pos_t distance) const; + attotime time_to_target(tape_pos_t target) const; + bool start_tape_cmd(UINT16 cmd_reg , UINT16 must_be_1 , UINT16 must_be_0); + void start_tape(UINT16 cmd_reg); + void stop_tape(void); + tape_track_t& current_track(void); + static tape_pos_t word_length(tape_word_t w); + static tape_pos_t word_end_pos(const tape_track_t::iterator& it); + static void adjust_it(tape_track_t& track , tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos); + void write_word(tape_pos_t start , tape_word_t word , tape_pos_t& length); + void write_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b); + bool just_gap(tape_pos_t a , tape_pos_t b); + tape_pos_t farthest_end(const tape_track_t::iterator& it) const; + bool next_data(tape_track_t::iterator& it , tape_pos_t pos , bool inclusive); + adv_res_t adv_it(tape_track_t::iterator& it); + attotime fetch_next_wr_word(void); + attotime time_to_rd_next_word(tape_pos_t& word_rd_pos); + bool next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , tape_track_t::iterator it , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap); + bool next_n_gap(tape_pos_t& pos , unsigned n_gaps , tape_pos_t min_gap); + void clear_tape(void); + void dump_sequence(tape_track_t::const_iterator it_start , unsigned n_words); + void save_tape(void); + bool load_track(tape_track_t& track); + bool load_tape(void); + void set_tape_present(bool present); + attotime time_to_next_hole(void) const; + attotime time_to_tach_pulses(void) const; + void start_cmd_exec(UINT16 new_cmd_reg); +}; + +// device type definition +extern const device_type HP_TACO; + +#endif /* __HP_TACO_H__ */ diff --git a/src/mame/drivers/hp9845.cpp b/src/mame/drivers/hp9845.cpp index 2936cae3228..7f83f001fe3 100644 --- a/src/mame/drivers/hp9845.cpp +++ b/src/mame/drivers/hp9845.cpp @@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ // - LPU & PPU ROMs // - LPU & PPU RAMs // - Text mode screen -// - Keyboard (most of keys) +// - Keyboard +// - T15 tape drive // What's not yet in: // - Beeper -// - Rest of keyboard // - Graphic screen -// - Tape drive (this needs some heavy RE of the TACO chip) +// - Better naming of tape drive image (it's now "magt", should be "t15") // - Better documentation of this file // - Software list to load optional ROMs // What's wrong: @@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ #include "cpu/z80/z80.h" #include "softlist.h" #include "cpu/hphybrid/hphybrid.h" +#include "machine/hp_taco.h" #define BIT_MASK(n) (1U << (n)) @@ -77,7 +78,8 @@ public: m_io_key0(*this , "KEY0"), m_io_key1(*this , "KEY1"), m_io_key2(*this , "KEY2"), - m_io_key3(*this , "KEY3") + m_io_key3(*this , "KEY3"), + m_t15(*this , "t15") { } UINT32 screen_update(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect); @@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ public: void vblank_w(screen_device &screen, bool state); IRQ_CALLBACK_MEMBER(irq_callback); - void update_irl(void); + void update_irq(void); TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kb_scan); DECLARE_READ16_MEMBER(kb_scancode_r); @@ -99,6 +101,10 @@ public: DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(pa_w); + DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(t15_irq_w); + DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(t15_flg_w); + DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(t15_sts_w); + private: required_device<hp_5061_3001_cpu_device> m_lpu; required_device<hp_5061_3001_cpu_device> m_ppu; @@ -107,6 +113,7 @@ private: required_ioport m_io_key1; required_ioport m_io_key2; required_ioport m_io_key3; + required_device<hp_taco_device> m_t15; void set_video_mar(UINT16 mar); void video_fill_buff(bool buff_idx); @@ -136,12 +143,15 @@ private: // Interrupt handling UINT8 m_irl_pending; + UINT8 m_irh_pending; // State of keyboard ioport_value m_kb_state[ 4 ]; UINT8 m_kb_scancode; UINT16 m_kb_status; + // State of PPU I/O + UINT8 m_ppu_pa; }; static INPUT_PORTS_START(hp9845b) @@ -322,10 +332,13 @@ void hp9845b_state::machine_reset() m_video_frame = 0; m_irl_pending = 0; + m_irh_pending = 0; memset(&m_kb_state[ 0 ] , 0 , sizeof(m_kb_state)); m_kb_scancode = 0x7f; m_kb_status = 0; + + m_ppu_pa = 0; } void hp9845b_state::set_video_mar(UINT16 mar) @@ -479,13 +492,14 @@ IRQ_CALLBACK_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::irq_callback) if (irqline == HPHYBRID_IRL) { return m_irl_pending; } else { - return 0; + return m_irh_pending; } } -void hp9845b_state::update_irl(void) +void hp9845b_state::update_irq(void) { m_ppu->set_input_line(HPHYBRID_IRL , m_irl_pending != 0); + m_ppu->set_input_line(HPHYBRID_IRH , m_irh_pending != 0); } TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::kb_scan) @@ -546,7 +560,7 @@ TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::kb_scan) m_kb_scancode = i; BIT_SET(m_irl_pending , 0); BIT_SET(m_kb_status, 0); - update_irl(); + update_irq(); // Special case: pressing stop key sets LPU "status" flag if (i == 0x47) { @@ -572,24 +586,50 @@ WRITE16_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::kb_irq_clear_w) { BIT_CLR(m_irl_pending , 0); BIT_CLR(m_kb_status, 0); - update_irl(); + update_irq(); m_lpu->status_w(0); // TODO: beeper start } WRITE8_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::pa_w) { + m_ppu_pa = data; + // TODO: handle sts & flg - if (data == 0xf) { - // RHS tape drive (T15) - m_ppu->status_w(1); - m_ppu->flag_w(1); + if (data == 15) { + // RHS tape drive (T15) + m_ppu->status_w(m_t15->sts_r()); + m_ppu->flag_w(m_t15->flg_r()); } else { m_ppu->status_w(0); m_ppu->flag_w(0); } } +WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::t15_irq_w) +{ + if (state) { + BIT_SET(m_irh_pending , 7); + } else { + BIT_CLR(m_irh_pending , 7); + } + update_irq(); +} + +WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::t15_flg_w) +{ + if (m_ppu_pa == 15) { + m_ppu->flag_w(state); + } +} + +WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(hp9845b_state::t15_sts_w) +{ + if (m_ppu_pa == 15) { + m_ppu->status_w(state); + } +} + static MACHINE_CONFIG_START( hp9845a, hp9845_state ) //MCFG_CPU_ADD("lpu", HP_5061_3010, XTAL_11_4MHz) //MCFG_CPU_ADD("ppu", HP_5061_3011, XTAL_11_4MHz) @@ -638,6 +678,9 @@ static ADDRESS_MAP_START(ppu_io_map , AS_IO , 16 , hp9845b_state) // PA = 0, IC = 3 // Keyboard status input & keyboard interrupt clear AM_RANGE(HP_MAKE_IOADDR(0 , 3) , HP_MAKE_IOADDR(0 , 3)) AM_READWRITE(kb_status_r , kb_irq_clear_w) + // PA = 15, IC = 0..3 + // Right-hand side tape drive (T15) + AM_RANGE(HP_MAKE_IOADDR(15 , 0) , HP_MAKE_IOADDR(15 , 3)) AM_DEVREADWRITE("t15" , hp_taco_device , reg_r , reg_w) ADDRESS_MAP_END static MACHINE_CONFIG_START( hp9845b, hp9845b_state ) @@ -663,6 +706,12 @@ static MACHINE_CONFIG_START( hp9845b, hp9845b_state ) // Actual keyboard refresh rate should be KEY_SCAN_OSCILLATOR / 128 (2560 Hz) MCFG_TIMER_DRIVER_ADD_PERIODIC("kb_timer" , hp9845b_state , kb_scan , attotime::from_hz(100)) + // Tape controller + MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("t15" , HP_TACO , 4000000) + MCFG_TACO_IRQ_HANDLER(WRITELINE(hp9845b_state , t15_irq_w)) + MCFG_TACO_FLG_HANDLER(WRITELINE(hp9845b_state , t15_flg_w)) + MCFG_TACO_STS_HANDLER(WRITELINE(hp9845b_state , t15_sts_w)) + MCFG_SOFTWARE_LIST_ADD("optrom_list", "hp9845b_rom") MACHINE_CONFIG_END |