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Diffstat (limited to 'src/lib/formats/img_dsk.cpp')
-rw-r--r-- | src/lib/formats/img_dsk.cpp | 378 |
1 files changed, 378 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/lib/formats/img_dsk.cpp b/src/lib/formats/img_dsk.cpp new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0dfcc7a359f --- /dev/null +++ b/src/lib/formats/img_dsk.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,378 @@ +// license:BSD-3-Clause +// copyright-holders: F. Ulivi +/********************************************************************* + + img_dsk.cpp + + "IMG" disk format + + This format is just a raw image of every sector on SSDD 8" floppy + disks as used in Intel MDS-II systems. + Files with this format have no header/trailer and are exactly + 512512 bytes in size (52 sectors, 1 head, 77 tracks, + 128 bytes per sector). + +*********************************************************************/ + +#include "emu.h" +#include "img_dsk.h" + +// Debugging +#define VERBOSE 0 +#define LOG(...) do { if (VERBOSE) printf(__VA_ARGS__); } while (false) + +constexpr unsigned CELL_SIZE = 1200; // Bit cell size (1 µs) +constexpr uint8_t INDEX_AM = 0x0c; // Index address mark +constexpr uint8_t ID_AM = 0x0e; // ID address mark +constexpr uint8_t DATA_AM = 0x0b; // Data address mark +constexpr uint8_t AM_CLOCK = 0x70; // Clock pattern of AM +constexpr unsigned PREIDX_GAP = 45; // Size of pre-index gap +constexpr unsigned SYNC_00_LEN = 18; // 00's in sync (gaps 1, 2, 3) +constexpr unsigned SYNC_FF_LEN = 10; // FF's in sync (gaps 1, 2, 3) +constexpr int ID_DATA_OFFSET = 35 * 16; // Nominal distance (in cells) between ID & DATA AM +// Size of image file +constexpr unsigned IMG_IMAGE_SIZE = IMG_TRACKS * IMG_HEADS * IMG_SECTORS * IMG_SECTOR_SIZE; +constexpr uint16_t CRC_POLY = 0x1021; // CRC-CCITT + +img_format::img_format() +{ +} + +int img_format::identify(io_generic *io, uint32_t form_factor) +{ + uint64_t size = io_generic_size(io); + + if (((form_factor == floppy_image::FF_8) || (form_factor == floppy_image::FF_UNKNOWN)) && + size == IMG_IMAGE_SIZE) { + return 50; + } else { + return 0; + } +} + +bool img_format::load(io_generic *io, uint32_t form_factor, floppy_image *image) +{ + uint64_t size = io_generic_size(io); + if (size != IMG_IMAGE_SIZE) { + return false; + } + image->set_variant(floppy_image::SSDD); + + // Suck in the whole image + std::vector<uint8_t> image_data(size); + io_generic_read(io, (void *)image_data.data(), 0, size); + + for (unsigned cyl = 0; cyl < IMG_TRACKS; cyl++) { + std::vector<uint32_t> track_data; + + write_gap(track_data, 0 , PREIDX_GAP); + write_mmfm_byte(track_data , INDEX_AM , AM_CLOCK); + + // Compute interleave factor and skew for current track + unsigned il_factor; + unsigned skew; + if (cyl == 0) { + il_factor = 1; + skew = 51; + } else if (cyl == 1) { + il_factor = 4; + skew = 48; + } else { + il_factor = 5; + skew = (47 + 45 * (cyl - 2)) % 52; + } + std::vector<uint8_t> sector_list = interleaved_sectors(il_factor); + + for (unsigned sector = 0; sector < IMG_SECTORS; sector++) { + unsigned real_sector = sector_list[ (sector + skew) % IMG_SECTORS ]; + unsigned offset_in_image = (real_sector - 1 + cyl * IMG_SECTORS) * IMG_SECTOR_SIZE; + write_sector(track_data , cyl , real_sector , &image_data[ offset_in_image ]); + } + fill_with_gap4(track_data); + generate_track_from_levels(cyl , 0 , track_data , 0 , image); + } + return true; +} + +bool img_format::save(io_generic *io, floppy_image *image) +{ + for (int cyl = 0; cyl < IMG_TRACKS; cyl++) { + uint8_t bitstream[ 21000 ]; + int bitstream_size; + generate_bitstream_from_track(cyl , 0 , CELL_SIZE , bitstream , bitstream_size , image , 0); + int pos = 0; + unsigned track_no , sector_no; + uint8_t sector_data[ IMG_SECTOR_SIZE ]; + while (get_next_sector(bitstream , bitstream_size , pos , track_no , sector_no , sector_data)) { + if (track_no == cyl && sector_no >= 1 && sector_no <= IMG_SECTORS) { + unsigned offset_in_image = (cyl * IMG_SECTORS + sector_no - 1) * IMG_SECTOR_SIZE; + io_generic_write(io, sector_data, offset_in_image, IMG_SECTOR_SIZE); + } + } + } + return true; +} + +const char *img_format::name() const +{ + return "img"; +} + +const char *img_format::description() const +{ + return "MDS-II floppy disk image"; +} + +const char *img_format::extensions() const +{ + return "img"; +} + +bool img_format::supports_save() const +{ + return true; +} + +std::vector<uint8_t> img_format::interleaved_sectors(unsigned il_factor) +{ + std::vector<uint8_t> out(IMG_SECTORS); + unsigned idx = 0; + for (unsigned s = 0; s < IMG_SECTORS; s++) { + while (out[ idx ] != 0) { + if (++idx >= IMG_SECTORS) { + idx = 0; + } + } + out[ idx ] = s + 1; + idx += il_factor; + if (idx >= IMG_SECTORS) { + idx -= IMG_SECTORS; + } + } + return out; +} + +void img_format::write_mmfm_bit(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer , bool data_bit , bool clock_bit) +{ + bool had_transition = buffer.size() < 2 ? false : bit_r(buffer, buffer.size() - 1) || bit_r(buffer , buffer.size() - 2); + clock_bit = !data_bit && (clock_bit || !had_transition); + bit_w(buffer , clock_bit , CELL_SIZE); + bit_w(buffer , data_bit , CELL_SIZE); + + if (BIT(m_crc , 15) ^ data_bit) { + m_crc = (m_crc << 1) ^ CRC_POLY; + } else { + m_crc <<= 1; + } +} + +void img_format::write_mmfm_byte(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer , uint8_t data , uint8_t clock) +{ + for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) { + write_mmfm_bit(buffer , BIT(data , i) , BIT(clock , i)); + } +} + +void img_format::write_sync(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer) +{ + write_gap(buffer , SYNC_00_LEN , SYNC_FF_LEN); +} + +void img_format::write_crc(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer , uint16_t crc) +{ + // Note that CRC is stored with MSB (x^15) first + for (unsigned i = 0; i < 16; i++) { + write_mmfm_bit(buffer , BIT(crc , 15 - i) , 0); + } +} + +void img_format::write_gap(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer , unsigned size_00 , unsigned size_ff) +{ + for (unsigned i = 0; i < size_00; ++i) { + write_mmfm_byte(buffer, 0); + } + for (unsigned i = 0; i < size_ff; ++i) { + write_mmfm_byte(buffer, 0xff); + } +} + +void img_format::write_sector(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer , uint8_t track_no , uint8_t sect_no , const uint8_t *sect_data) +{ + // **** On-disk format of a sector **** + // + // | Offset | Size | Value | Content | + // |--------+------+-------+----------------------| + // | 0 | 18 | 00 | Gap 1/3 | + // | 18 | 10 | ff | Gap 1/3 | + // | 28 | 1 | 0e | ID AM (clock = 70) | + // | 29 | 1 | xx | Track no. | + // | 30 | 1 | 00 | N/U | + // | 31 | 1 | xx | Sector no. | + // | 32 | 1 | 00 | N/U | + // | 33 | 2 | xx | ID CRC | + // | 35 | 18 | 00 | Gap 2 | + // | 53 | 10 | ff | Gap 2 | + // | 63 | 1 | 0b | Data AM (clock = 70) | + // | 64 | 128 | xx | Sector data | + // | 192 | 2 | xx | Data CRC | + // | 194 | | | | + + // Gap1 + write_sync(buffer); + // ID AM + m_crc = 0; + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , ID_AM , AM_CLOCK); + // Track # + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , track_no); + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , 0); + // Sector # + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , sect_no); + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , 0); + // ID CRC + write_crc(buffer , m_crc); + // Gap 2 + write_sync(buffer); + // Data AM + m_crc = 0; + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , DATA_AM , AM_CLOCK); + for (unsigned i = 0; i < IMG_SECTOR_SIZE; i++) { + // Data + write_mmfm_byte(buffer , sect_data[ i ]); + } + // Data CRC + write_crc(buffer , m_crc); +} + +void img_format::fill_with_gap4(std::vector<uint32_t> &buffer) +{ + // Cell count in a track (1 µs cells in a 1/6 s track) + unsigned cell_count = (500000 * 120) / 360; + unsigned cells_in_buffer = buffer.size(); + // Size of gap 4 + unsigned gap_4 = (cell_count - cells_in_buffer) / 16; + // Gap 4 + write_gap(buffer , gap_4 , 0); + // Last cell to round everything up to 2E+8 + if (buffer.size() * CELL_SIZE < 200000000) { + bit_w(buffer , false , 200000000 - buffer.size() * CELL_SIZE); + } +} + +std::vector<uint8_t> img_format::get_next_id_n_block(const uint8_t *bitstream , int bitstream_size , int& pos , int& start_pos) +{ + std::vector<uint8_t> res; + uint8_t data_sr; + uint8_t clock_sr; + + // Look for either sync + ID AM or sync + DATA AM + do { + unsigned cnt_trans = 0; + while (pos < bitstream_size && cnt_trans < 34) { + bool bit = BIT(bitstream[ pos >> 3 ] , ~pos & 7); + pos++; + if (cnt_trans < 32) { + if (!(BIT(cnt_trans , 0) ^ bit)) { + cnt_trans++; + } else { + cnt_trans = 0; + } + } else if (cnt_trans == 32) { + if (!bit) { + start_pos = pos; + cnt_trans++; + } else { + cnt_trans = 0; + } + } else if (!bit) { + cnt_trans++; + } else { + cnt_trans = 32; + } + } + + if (pos == bitstream_size) { + // End of track reached + return res; + } + + // Get AM + data_sr = clock_sr = 0; + for (unsigned i = 0; i < 7; ++i) { + bool bit = BIT(bitstream[ pos >> 3 ] , ~pos & 7); + pos++; + clock_sr = (clock_sr << 1) | bit; + bit = BIT(bitstream[ pos >> 3 ] , ~pos & 7); + pos++; + data_sr = (data_sr << 1) | bit; + } + if (pos >= bitstream_size) { + return res; + } + } while (clock_sr != AM_CLOCK); + + // ID blocks: Track no. + 0 + sector no. + 0 + CRC + // Data blocks: Sector data + CRC + res.push_back(data_sr); + unsigned to_dump; + if (data_sr == ID_AM) { + to_dump = 4; + } else if (data_sr == DATA_AM) { + to_dump = IMG_SECTOR_SIZE; + } else { + to_dump = 0; + } + + pos++; + for (unsigned i = 0; i < to_dump && pos < bitstream_size; i++) { + data_sr = 0; + unsigned j; + for (j = 0; j < 8 && pos < bitstream_size; j++) { + bool bit = BIT(bitstream[ pos >> 3 ] , ~pos & 7); + pos += 2; + data_sr = (data_sr << 1) | bit; + } + if (j == 8) { + res.push_back(data_sr); + } + } + return res; +} + +bool img_format::get_next_sector(const uint8_t *bitstream , int bitstream_size , int& pos , unsigned& track , unsigned& sector , uint8_t *sector_data) +{ + std::vector<uint8_t> block; + while (true) { + // Scan for ID block first + int id_pos = 0; + while (true) { + if (block.size() == 0) { + block = get_next_id_n_block(bitstream , bitstream_size , pos , id_pos); + if (block.size() == 0) { + return false; + } + } + if (block[ 0 ] == ID_AM && block.size() >= 5) { + track = block[ 1 ]; + sector = block[ 3 ]; + break; + } else { + block.clear(); + } + } + // Then for DATA block + int data_pos = 0; + block = get_next_id_n_block(bitstream , bitstream_size , pos , data_pos); + if (block.size() == 0) { + return false; + } + if (block[ 0 ] == DATA_AM && block.size() >= (IMG_SECTOR_SIZE + 1) && abs((data_pos - id_pos) - ID_DATA_OFFSET) <= 64) { + break; + } + } + + memcpy(sector_data , block.data() + 1 , IMG_SECTOR_SIZE); + + return true; +} + +const floppy_format_type FLOPPY_IMG_FORMAT = &floppy_image_format_creator<img_format>; |