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// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:hap
// thanks-to:Berger, Sean Riddle
/******************************************************************************
Fidelity's 1st generation chess computers:
- Chess Challenger
- Chess Challenger (upgraded version) - more commonly known as CC3
- Chess Challenger (model UCC10) - more commonly known as CC10 ver. C
The first generation of chesscomputers didn't have an electronic chessboard.
Some of them required a separate chessboard, others had a small chessboard
attached to it (the latter applies to Fidelity).
For those familiar with MAME's sensorboard interface and really want to use it
for the old keypad-input machines, there is an awkward workaround: Start a 2nd
instance of MAME with -sound none and load mephisto3 or mephisto2e, turn off
the ESB 6000 board in the machine configuration, and set the video options to
"Internal Layout (Board)". The same thing can be done with ccmk6.
That being said, it's probably a better idea to use a real chessboard.
===============================================================================
Chess Challenger (1)
--------------------
This is the world's 1st released dedicated chess computer. Oddly, the rows/columns
are reversed: left to right is 1-8, bottom to top is A-H, eg. pawn from D2 to D4
is 4B to 4D here.
The CC1 patent(US4235442) refers to a Hewlett Packard chess program. It was eventually
found out that it was written for a HP-9810A by Alan A. Wray in 1974, and CC1 is very
similar to it. Ron C. Nelson must have ported the algorithms to 8080 when he wrote
his Altair 8800 chess program, and this is what made it into CC1.
CC1 hardware overview:
- PCB label PC-P-86, P179 C-2 7.77
- NEC 8080AF @ 2MHz(18MHz XTAL through a 8224)
- Everything goes via a NEC B8228, its special features are unused.
- NEC 2316A ROM(2KB), 4*2101AL RAM(0.5KB total)
- 8255C for I/O, 4*7seg display + 2 extra leds, 12-key keypad, no sound
Chess Challenger (upgraded version) released a few months later is on the same
hardware, but with double the ROM size, and they corrected the reversed chess
notation. It was also offered as an upgrade to CC1. PCB label P179 C-3 9.77.
Chess Challenger (model UCC10) is on nearly the same PCB too, same label as CC3,
with an 8KB ROM on a small daughterboard(P-410A 4 12 79). Again, it was also
offered as an upgrade to CC1, or CC3.
Note that although these 2 newer versions are known as "Chess Challenger 3" and
"Chess Challeger 10 C" nowadays, those are not the official titles. CC3 simply
says "upgraded version" on the 1st page of the manual (even the newly sold ones,
not just the literal CC1 upgrades). UCC10 mentions "10 levels of play". Consumenta
Computer(reseller of Fidelity chesscomputers) did name it Chess-Challenger 10 C.
Officially, Fidelity started adding level numbers to their chesscomputer titles
with CCX and CC7.
******************************************************************************/
#include "emu.h"
#include "cpu/i8085/i8085.h"
#include "machine/i8255.h"
#include "machine/timer.h"
#include "video/pwm.h"
// internal artwork
#include "fidel_cc1.lh" // clickable
#include "fidel_cc3.lh" // clickable
#include "fidel_cc10c.lh" // clickable
namespace {
class cc1_state : public driver_device
{
public:
cc1_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) :
driver_device(mconfig, type, tag),
m_maincpu(*this, "maincpu"),
m_ppi8255(*this, "ppi8255"),
m_display(*this, "display"),
m_delay(*this, "delay"),
m_inputs(*this, "IN.%u", 0)
{ }
// RE button is tied to 8224 RESIN pin
DECLARE_INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(reset_button) { m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_RESET, newval ? ASSERT_LINE : CLEAR_LINE); }
// machine configs
void cc1(machine_config &config);
void cc3(machine_config &config);
void cc10c(machine_config &config);
protected:
virtual void machine_start() override;
private:
// devices/pointers
required_device<cpu_device> m_maincpu;
required_device<i8255_device> m_ppi8255;
required_device<pwm_display_device> m_display;
optional_device<timer_device> m_delay;
required_ioport_array<2> m_inputs;
// address maps
void main_map(address_map &map);
void main_io(address_map &map);
void cc10c_map(address_map &map);
// I/O handlers
void update_display();
u8 ppi_porta_r();
void ppi_portb_w(u8 data);
void ppi_portc_w(u8 data);
u8 m_led_select = 0;
u8 m_7seg_data = 0;
};
void cc1_state::machine_start()
{
// register for savestates
save_item(NAME(m_led_select));
save_item(NAME(m_7seg_data));
}
/******************************************************************************
I/O
******************************************************************************/
// I8255 PPI
void cc1_state::update_display()
{
// 4 7segs + 2 leds
m_display->matrix(m_led_select, m_7seg_data);
}
u8 cc1_state::ppi_porta_r()
{
// 74148(priority encoder) I0-I7: inputs
// d0-d2: 74148 S0-S2, d3: 74148 GS
u8 data = count_leading_zeros_32(m_inputs[0]->read()) - 24;
if (data == 8) data = 0xf;
// d5-d7: more inputs (direct)
data |= ~m_inputs[1]->read() << 5 & 0xe0;
// d4: 555 Q
return data | ((m_delay->enabled()) ? 0x10 : 0);
}
void cc1_state::ppi_portb_w(u8 data)
{
// d0-d6: digit segment data
m_7seg_data = bitswap<7>(data,0,1,2,3,4,5,6);
update_display();
}
void cc1_state::ppi_portc_w(u8 data)
{
// d6: trigger monostable 555 (R=15K, C=1uF)
if (~data & m_led_select & 0x40 && !m_delay->enabled())
m_delay->adjust(attotime::from_msec(17));
// d0-d3: digit select
// d4: check led, d5: lose led
m_led_select = data;
update_display();
}
/******************************************************************************
Address Maps
******************************************************************************/
void cc1_state::main_map(address_map &map)
{
map.global_mask(0x1fff);
map(0x0000, 0x0fff).rom();
map(0x1000, 0x11ff).mirror(0x0e00).ram();
}
void cc1_state::main_io(address_map &map)
{
map.global_mask(0x0f);
map(0x00, 0x03).mirror(0x04).rw(m_ppi8255, FUNC(i8255_device::read), FUNC(i8255_device::write));
}
void cc1_state::cc10c_map(address_map &map)
{
map.global_mask(0x3fff);
map(0x0000, 0x0fff).rom();
map(0x1000, 0x11ff).mirror(0x2e00).ram();
map(0x2000, 0x2fff).rom();
}
/******************************************************************************
Input Ports
******************************************************************************/
static INPUT_PORTS_START( cc1 )
PORT_START("IN.0")
PORT_BIT(0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("8H") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_H)
PORT_BIT(0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("7G") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G)
PORT_BIT(0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("6F") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F)
PORT_BIT(0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("5E") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E)
PORT_BIT(0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("4D") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D)
PORT_BIT(0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("3C") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C)
PORT_BIT(0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("2B") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B)
PORT_BIT(0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("1A") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A)
PORT_START("IN.1")
PORT_BIT(0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("EN") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER_PAD)
PORT_BIT(0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("DM") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_M)
PORT_BIT(0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("CL") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_DEL) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_BACKSPACE)
PORT_START("RESET")
PORT_BIT(0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("RE") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_R) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, cc1_state, reset_button, 0)
INPUT_PORTS_END
static INPUT_PORTS_START( cc3 )
PORT_INCLUDE( cc1 )
PORT_MODIFY("IN.0")
PORT_BIT(0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("H8") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_H)
PORT_BIT(0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("G7") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G)
PORT_BIT(0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("F6") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F)
PORT_BIT(0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("E5") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E)
PORT_BIT(0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("D4") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D)
PORT_BIT(0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("C3") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C)
PORT_BIT(0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("B2") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B)
PORT_BIT(0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("A1") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A)
INPUT_PORTS_END
static INPUT_PORTS_START( cc10c )
PORT_INCLUDE( cc3 )
PORT_MODIFY("IN.1")
PORT_BIT(0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYPAD) PORT_NAME("DM / PB") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_M)
INPUT_PORTS_END
/******************************************************************************
Machine Configs
******************************************************************************/
void cc1_state::cc1(machine_config &config)
{
/* basic machine hardware */
I8080A(config, m_maincpu, 18_MHz_XTAL/9);
m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &cc1_state::main_map);
m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_IO, &cc1_state::main_io);
I8255(config, m_ppi8255);
m_ppi8255->in_pa_callback().set(FUNC(cc1_state::ppi_porta_r));
m_ppi8255->out_pb_callback().set(FUNC(cc1_state::ppi_portb_w));
m_ppi8255->tri_pb_callback().set_constant(0);
m_ppi8255->out_pc_callback().set(FUNC(cc1_state::ppi_portc_w));
m_ppi8255->tri_pc_callback().set_constant(0);
TIMER(config, "delay").configure_generic(nullptr);
/* video hardware */
PWM_DISPLAY(config, m_display).set_size(6, 7);
m_display->set_segmask(0xf, 0x7f);
config.set_default_layout(layout_fidel_cc1);
}
void cc1_state::cc3(machine_config &config)
{
cc1(config);
config.set_default_layout(layout_fidel_cc3);
}
void cc1_state::cc10c(machine_config &config)
{
cc1(config);
/* basic machine hardware */
m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &cc1_state::cc10c_map);
config.set_default_layout(layout_fidel_cc10c);
}
/******************************************************************************
ROM Definitions
******************************************************************************/
ROM_START( cc1 )
ROM_REGION(0x10000, "maincpu", ROMREGION_ERASEFF)
ROM_LOAD("d2316ac_011", 0x0000, 0x0800, CRC(4af38ed6) SHA1(3f07691266196f3aa5c440a40bfe4802303e7c07) )
ROM_END
ROM_START( cc3 )
ROM_REGION(0x10000, "maincpu", 0)
ROM_LOAD("d2332c_011", 0x0000, 0x1000, CRC(51cf4682) SHA1(197374c633a0bf1a9b7ea51a72dc2b89a6c9c508) )
ROM_END
ROM_START( cc10c )
ROM_REGION(0x10000, "maincpu", 0)
ROM_LOAD("k95069-922_ucc_10", 0x0000, 0x1000, CRC(2232c1c4) SHA1(fd282ba7ce7ac28834c860cec2cca398aec1b3f3) )
ROM_CONTINUE( 0x2000, 0x1000 )
ROM_END
} // anonymous namespace
/******************************************************************************
Drivers
******************************************************************************/
// YEAR NAME PARENT CMP MACHINE INPUT STATE INIT COMPANY, FULLNAME, FLAGS
CONS( 1977, cc1, 0, 0, cc1, cc1, cc1_state, empty_init, "Fidelity Electronics", "Chess Challenger", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_CLICKABLE_ARTWORK | MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW )
CONS( 1977, cc3, 0, 0, cc3, cc3, cc1_state, empty_init, "Fidelity Electronics", "Chess Challenger (upgraded version, 3 levels)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_CLICKABLE_ARTWORK | MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW ) // aka Chess Challenger 3
CONS( 1979, cc10c, 0, 0, cc10c, cc10c, cc1_state, empty_init, "Fidelity Electronics", "Chess Challenger (model UCC10, 10 levels)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE | MACHINE_CLICKABLE_ARTWORK | MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW ) // aka Chess Challenger 10 C
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