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|
// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:Nathan Woods
/***************************************************************************
fs_coco_os9.cpp
Management of CoCo OS-9 floppy images
OS-9 Level 2 Technical Reference, Chapter 5, Random Block File Manager,
page 2
https://colorcomputerarchive.com/repo/Documents/Manuals/Operating%20Systems/OS-9%20Level%202%20Manual%20(Tandy).pdf
***************************************************************************/
#include "fs_coco_os9.h"
#include "coco_rawdsk.h"
#include "strformat.h"
using namespace fs;
namespace fs { const coco_os9_image COCO_OS9; }
namespace {
// ======================> coco_os9_impl
class coco_os9_impl : public filesystem_t
{
public:
// ======================> volume_header
class volume_header
{
public:
volume_header(fsblk_t::block_t &&block);
volume_header(const volume_header &) = delete;
volume_header(volume_header &&) = default;
u32 total_sectors() const { return m_block.r24b(0); }
u8 track_size_in_sectors() const { return m_block.r8(3); }
u16 allocation_bitmap_bytes() const { return m_block.r16b(4); }
u16 cluster_size() const { return m_block.r16b(6); }
u32 root_dir_lsn() const { return m_block.r24b(8); }
u16 owner_id() const { return m_block.r16b(11); }
u16 disk_id() const { return m_block.r16b(14); }
u8 format_flags() const { return m_block.r8(16); }
u16 sectors_per_track() const { return m_block.r16b(17); }
u32 bootstrap_lsn() const { return m_block.r24b(21); }
u16 bootstrap_size() const { return m_block.r16b(24); }
util::arbitrary_datetime creation_date() const { return from_os9_date(m_block.r24b(26), m_block.r16b(29)); }
u16 sector_size() const { u16 result = m_block.r16b(104); return result != 0 ? result : 256; }
u8 sides() const { return (format_flags() & 0x01) ? 2 : 1; }
bool double_density() const { return (format_flags() & 0x02) != 0; }
bool double_track() const { return (format_flags() & 0x04) != 0; }
bool quad_track_density() const { return (format_flags() & 0x08) != 0; }
bool octal_track_density() const { return (format_flags() & 0x10) != 0; }
std::string name() const;
private:
fsblk_t::block_t m_block;
};
// ======================> file_header
class file_header
{
public:
file_header(fsblk_t::block_t &&block, std::string &&filename);
file_header(const file_header &) = delete;
file_header(file_header &&) = default;
file_header &operator=(const file_header &) = delete;
file_header &operator=(file_header &&) = default;
u8 attributes() const { return m_block.r8(0); }
u16 owner_id() const { return m_block.r16b(1); }
u8 link_count() const { return m_block.r8(8); }
u32 file_size() const { return m_block.r32b(9); }
util::arbitrary_datetime creation_date() const;
bool is_directory() const { return (attributes() & 0x80) != 0; }
bool is_non_sharable() const { return (attributes() & 0x40) != 0; }
bool is_public_execute() const { return (attributes() & 0x20) != 0; }
bool is_public_write() const { return (attributes() & 0x10) != 0; }
bool is_public_read() const { return (attributes() & 0x08) != 0; }
bool is_user_execute() const { return (attributes() & 0x04) != 0; }
bool is_user_write() const { return (attributes() & 0x02) != 0; }
bool is_user_read() const { return (attributes() & 0x01) != 0; }
meta_data metadata() const;
int get_sector_map_entry_count() const;
void get_sector_map_entry(int entry_number, u32 &start_lsn, u16 &count) const;
private:
fsblk_t::block_t m_block;
std::string m_filename;
};
// ctor/dtor
coco_os9_impl(fsblk_t &blockdev, volume_header &&header);
virtual ~coco_os9_impl() = default;
virtual meta_data volume_metadata() override;
virtual std::pair<err_t, meta_data> metadata(const std::vector<std::string> &path) override;
virtual std::pair<err_t, std::vector<dir_entry>> directory_contents(const std::vector<std::string> &path) override;
virtual std::pair<err_t, std::vector<u8>> file_read(const std::vector<std::string> &path) override;
virtual err_t format(const meta_data &meta) override;
std::optional<file_header> find(const std::vector<std::string> &path, std::optional<dir_entry_type> expected_entry_type) const;
void iterate_directory_entries(const file_header &header, const std::function<bool(std::string &&, u32)> callback) const;
std::vector<u8> read_file_data(const file_header &header) const;
static std::string pick_os9_string(std::string_view raw_string);
static std::string to_os9_string(std::string_view s, size_t length);
static u32 pick_integer_be(const u8 *data, int length);
static util::arbitrary_datetime from_os9_date(u32 os9_date, u16 os9_time = 0);
static std::tuple<u32, u16> to_os9_date(const util::arbitrary_datetime &datetime);
static bool is_ignored_filename(std::string_view name);
static bool validate_filename(std::string_view name);
private:
volume_header m_volume_header;
};
} // anonymous namespace
//**************************************************************************
// IMPLEMENTATION
//**************************************************************************
//-------------------------------------------------
// name
//-------------------------------------------------
const char *coco_os9_image::name() const
{
return "coco_os9";
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// description
//-------------------------------------------------
const char *coco_os9_image::description() const
{
return "CoCo OS-9";
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// enumerate_f
//-------------------------------------------------
void coco_os9_image::enumerate_f(floppy_enumerator &fe, u32 form_factor, const std::vector<u32> &variants) const
{
if (has(form_factor, variants, floppy_image::FF_525, floppy_image::SSDD))
{
fe.add(FLOPPY_COCO_RAWDSK_FORMAT, 161280, "coco_rawdsk_os9_35", "CoCo Raw Disk OS-9 single-sided 35 tracks");
fe.add(FLOPPY_COCO_RAWDSK_FORMAT, 184320, "coco_rawdsk_os9_40", "CoCo Raw Disk OS-9 single-sided 40 tracks");
}
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// can_format
//-------------------------------------------------
bool coco_os9_image::can_format() const
{
return true;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// can_read
//-------------------------------------------------
bool coco_os9_image::can_read() const
{
return true;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// can_write
//-------------------------------------------------
bool coco_os9_image::can_write() const
{
return false;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// has_rsrc
//-------------------------------------------------
bool coco_os9_image::has_rsrc() const
{
return false;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// directory_separator
//-------------------------------------------------
char coco_os9_image::directory_separator() const
{
return '/';
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// volume_meta_description
//-------------------------------------------------
std::vector<meta_description> coco_os9_image::volume_meta_description() const
{
std::vector<meta_description> results;
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::name, "UNTITLED", false, [](const meta_value &m) { return m.as_string().size() <= 32; }, "Volume name, up to 32 characters"));
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::creation_date, util::arbitrary_datetime::now(), false, nullptr, "Creation time"));
return results;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// file_meta_description
//-------------------------------------------------
std::vector<meta_description> coco_os9_image::file_meta_description() const
{
std::vector<meta_description> results;
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::name, "", false, [](const meta_value &m) { return coco_os9_impl::validate_filename(m.as_string()); }, "File name"));
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::creation_date, util::arbitrary_datetime::now(), false, nullptr, "Creation time"));
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::owner_id, 0, true, nullptr, "Owner ID"));
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::attributes, "", true, nullptr, "File attributes"));
results.emplace_back(meta_description(meta_name::length, 0, true, nullptr, "Size of the file in bytes"));
return results;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// directory_meta_description
//-------------------------------------------------
std::vector<meta_description> coco_os9_image::directory_meta_description() const
{
return file_meta_description();
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// mount
//-------------------------------------------------
std::unique_ptr<filesystem_t> coco_os9_image::mount(fsblk_t &blockdev) const
{
// read the header block
blockdev.set_block_size(256);
coco_os9_impl::volume_header header(blockdev.get(0));
// sanity checks
if (header.sectors_per_track() != header.track_size_in_sectors())
return { };
// create the implementation
return std::make_unique<coco_os9_impl>(blockdev, std::move(header));
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// impl ctor
//-------------------------------------------------
coco_os9_impl::coco_os9_impl(fsblk_t &blockdev, volume_header &&header)
: filesystem_t(blockdev, 256)
, m_volume_header(std::move(header))
{
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::volume_metadata
//-------------------------------------------------
meta_data coco_os9_impl::volume_metadata()
{
meta_data results;
results.set(meta_name::name, m_volume_header.name());
results.set(meta_name::creation_date, m_volume_header.creation_date());
return results;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::metadata
//-------------------------------------------------
std::pair<err_t, meta_data> coco_os9_impl::metadata(const std::vector<std::string> &path)
{
// look up the path
std::optional<file_header> header = find(path, { });
if (!header)
return std::make_pair(ERR_NOT_FOUND, meta_data());
return std::make_pair(ERR_OK, header->metadata());
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::directory_contents
//-------------------------------------------------
std::pair<err_t, std::vector<dir_entry>> coco_os9_impl::directory_contents(const std::vector<std::string> &path)
{
// look up the path
std::optional<file_header> header = find(path, dir_entry_type::dir);
if (!header)
return std::make_pair(ERR_NOT_FOUND, std::vector<dir_entry>());
// iterate through the directory
std::vector<dir_entry> results;
auto callback = [this, &results](std::string &&filename, u32 lsn)
{
file_header header(m_blockdev.get(lsn), std::move(filename));
dir_entry_type entry_type = header.is_directory()
? dir_entry_type::dir
: dir_entry_type::file;
results.emplace_back(entry_type, header.metadata());
return false;
};
iterate_directory_entries(*header, callback);
// and we're done
return std::make_pair(ERR_OK, std::move(results));
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::file_read
//-------------------------------------------------
std::pair<err_t, std::vector<u8>> coco_os9_impl::file_read(const std::vector<std::string> &path)
{
// look up the path
std::optional<file_header> header = find(path, dir_entry_type::file);
if (!header)
return std::make_pair(ERR_NOT_FOUND, std::vector<u8>());
std::vector<u8> data = read_file_data(*header);
return std::make_pair(ERR_OK, std::move(data));
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::format
//-------------------------------------------------
err_t coco_os9_impl::format(const meta_data &meta)
{
// for some reason, the OS-9 world favored filling with 0xE5
m_blockdev.fill(0xE5);
// identify geometry info
u8 sectors = 18; // TODO - we need a definitive technique to get the floppy geometry
u8 heads = 1; // TODO - we need a definitive technique to get the floppy geometry
u16 sector_bytes = 256; // TODO - we need a definitive technique to get the floppy geometry
bool is_double_density = true; // TODO - we need a definitive technique to get the floppy geometry
u32 tracks = m_blockdev.block_count() / sectors / heads;
// get attributes from metadata
std::string volume_title = meta.get_string(meta_name::name, "UNTITLED");
util::arbitrary_datetime creation_datetime = meta.get_date(meta_name::creation_date);
auto [creation_os9date, creation_os9time] = to_os9_date(creation_datetime);
u32 lsn_count = m_blockdev.block_count();
u16 cluster_size = 1;
u16 owner_id = 1;
u16 disk_id = 1;
u8 attributes = 0;
u32 allocation_bitmap_bits = lsn_count / cluster_size;
u32 allocation_bitmap_lsns = (allocation_bitmap_bits / 8 + sector_bytes - 1) / sector_bytes;
u8 format_flags = ((heads > 1) ? 0x01 : 0x00)
| (is_double_density ? 0x02 : 0x00);
// volume header
auto volume_header = m_blockdev.get(0);
volume_header.fill(0x00);
volume_header.w24b(0, lsn_count); // DD.TOT - total secctors
volume_header.w8(3, sectors); // DD.TKS - track size in sectors
volume_header.w16b(4, (allocation_bitmap_bits + 7) / 8); // DD.MAP - allocation bitmap in bytes
volume_header.w16b(6, cluster_size); // DD.BIT - cluster size
volume_header.w24b(8, 1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns); // DD.DIR - root directory LSN
volume_header.w16b(11, owner_id); // DD.OWN - owner ID
volume_header.w8(13, attributes); // DD.ATT - Dattributes
volume_header.w16b(14, disk_id); // DD.DSK - disk ID
volume_header.w8(16, format_flags); // DD.FMT - format flags
volume_header.w16b(17, sectors); // DD.SPT - sectors per track
volume_header.w24b(26, creation_os9date); // DD.DAT - date of creation
volume_header.w16b(29, creation_os9time); // DD.DAT - time of creation
volume_header.wstr(31, to_os9_string(volume_title, 32)); // DD.NAM - title
volume_header.w16b(103, sector_bytes / 256); // sector bytes
// path descriptor options
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x00, 1); // device class
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x01, 1); // drive number
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x03, 0x20); // device type
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x04, 1); // density capability
volume_header.w16b(0x3f + 0x05, tracks); // number of tracks
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x07, heads); // number of sides
volume_header.w16b(0x3f + 0x09, sectors); // sectors per track
volume_header.w16b(0x3f + 0x0b, sectors); // sectors on track zero
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x0d, 3); // sector interleave factor
volume_header.w8(0x3f + 0x0e, 8); // default sectors per allocation
// allocation bitmap
u32 total_allocated_sectors = 1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns + 1 + 8;
std::vector<u8> abblk_bytes;
abblk_bytes.resize(sector_bytes);
for (u32 i = 0; i < allocation_bitmap_lsns; i++)
{
for (u32 j = 0; j < sector_bytes; j++)
{
u32 pos = (i * sector_bytes + j) * 8;
if (pos + 8 < total_allocated_sectors)
abblk_bytes[j] = 0xFF;
else if (pos >= total_allocated_sectors)
abblk_bytes[j] = 0x00;
else
abblk_bytes[j] = ~((1 << (8 - total_allocated_sectors + pos)) - 1);
}
auto abblk = m_blockdev.get(1 + i);
abblk.copy(0, abblk_bytes.data(), sector_bytes);
}
// root directory header
auto roothdr_blk = m_blockdev.get(1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns);
roothdr_blk.fill(0x00);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x00, 0xBF);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x01, 0x00);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x02, 0x00);
roothdr_blk.w24b(0x03, creation_os9date);
roothdr_blk.w16b(0x06, creation_os9time);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x08, 0x01);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x09, 0x00);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x0A, 0x00);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x0B, 0x00);
roothdr_blk.w8(0x0C, 0x40);
roothdr_blk.w24b(0x0D, creation_os9date);
roothdr_blk.w24b(0x10, 1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns + 1);
roothdr_blk.w16b(0x13, 8);
// root directory data
auto rootdata_blk = m_blockdev.get(1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns + 1);
rootdata_blk.fill(0x00);
rootdata_blk.w8(0x00, 0x2E);
rootdata_blk.w8(0x01, 0xAE);
rootdata_blk.w8(0x1F, 1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns);
rootdata_blk.w8(0x20, 0xAE);
rootdata_blk.w8(0x3F, 1 + allocation_bitmap_lsns);
return ERR_OK;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::find
//-------------------------------------------------
std::optional<coco_os9_impl::file_header> coco_os9_impl::find(const std::vector<std::string> &path, std::optional<dir_entry_type> expected_entry_type) const
{
u32 lsn = m_volume_header.root_dir_lsn();
file_header current(m_blockdev.get(lsn), "");
// traverse the directory
for (const std::string &path_part : path)
{
// use iterate_directory_entries() to find this file part
std::optional<u32> child_lsn;
auto callback = [&child_lsn, &path_part](std::string &&child_filename, u32 this_child_lsn)
{
bool found = child_filename == path_part;
if (found)
child_lsn = this_child_lsn;
return found;
};
iterate_directory_entries(current, callback);
// did we find the child?
if (!child_lsn)
return { };
current = file_header(m_blockdev.get(*child_lsn), std::string(path_part));
}
// ensure that we found the entry type we expect
dir_entry_type current_entry_type = current.is_directory() ? dir_entry_type::dir : dir_entry_type::file;
return !expected_entry_type || current_entry_type == *expected_entry_type
? std::move(current)
: std::optional<file_header>();
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::iterate_directory_entries
//-------------------------------------------------
void coco_os9_impl::iterate_directory_entries(const file_header &header, const std::function<bool(std::string &&, u32)> callback) const
{
// read the directory data
std::vector<u8> directory_data = read_file_data(header);
// and assemble results
bool done = false;
int directory_count = directory_data.size() / 32;
for (int i = 0; !done && i < directory_count; i++)
{
// determine the filename
std::string_view raw_filename((const char *)&directory_data[i * 32], 29);
std::string filename = pick_os9_string(raw_filename);
if (is_ignored_filename(filename))
continue;
// set up the child header
u32 lsn = pick_integer_be(&directory_data[i * 32] + 29, 3);
// invoke the callback
done = callback(std::move(filename), lsn);
}
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// coco_os9_impl::read_file_data
//-------------------------------------------------
std::vector<u8> coco_os9_impl::read_file_data(const file_header &header) const
{
// prep the vector to return the data from
std::vector<u8> data;
data.reserve(header.file_size());
int entry_count = header.get_sector_map_entry_count();
for (int i = 0; i < entry_count; i++)
{
u32 start_lsn;
u16 count;
header.get_sector_map_entry(i, start_lsn, count);
for (u32 lsn = start_lsn; lsn < start_lsn + count; lsn++)
{
auto block = m_blockdev.get(lsn);
size_t block_size = std::min(std::min(u32(m_volume_header.sector_size()), block.size()), header.file_size() - u32(data.size()));
for (auto i = 0; i < block_size; i++)
data.push_back(block.rodata()[i]);
}
}
return data;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// pick_os9_string
//-------------------------------------------------
std::string coco_os9_impl::pick_os9_string(std::string_view raw_string)
{
// find the last NUL or high bit character
auto iter = std::find_if(raw_string.begin(), raw_string.end(), [](char ch)
{
return ch == '\0' || ch & 0x80;
});
// get the preliminary result
std::string result(raw_string.begin(), iter);
// and add the final character if we have to
if (iter < raw_string.end() && *iter & 0x80)
result.append(1, *iter & 0x7F);
return result;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// to_os9_string
//-------------------------------------------------
std::string coco_os9_impl::to_os9_string(std::string_view s, size_t length)
{
std::string result(length, '\0');
for (auto i = 0; i < std::min(length, s.size()); i++)
{
result[i] = (s[i] & 0x7F)
| (i == s.size() ? 0x80 : 0x00);
}
return result;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// pick_integer_be
//-------------------------------------------------
u32 coco_os9_impl::pick_integer_be(const u8 *data, int length)
{
u32 result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
result |= u32(data[length - i - 1]) << i * 8;
return result;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// from_os9_date
//-------------------------------------------------
util::arbitrary_datetime coco_os9_impl::from_os9_date(u32 os9_date, u16 os9_time)
{
util::arbitrary_datetime dt;
memset(&dt, 0, sizeof(dt));
dt.year = ((os9_date >> 16) & 0xFF) + 1900;
dt.month = (os9_date >> 8) & 0xFF;
dt.day_of_month = (os9_date >> 0) & 0xFF;
dt.hour = (os9_time >> 8) & 0xFF;
dt.minute = (os9_time >> 0) & 0xFF;
return dt;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// to_os9_date
//-------------------------------------------------
std::tuple<u32, u16> coco_os9_impl::to_os9_date(const util::arbitrary_datetime &datetime)
{
u32 os9_date = ((datetime.year - 1900) & 0xFF) << 16
| (datetime.month & 0xFF) << 8
| (datetime.day_of_month & 0xFF) << 0;
u16 os9_time = (datetime.hour & 0xFF) << 8
| (datetime.minute & 0xFF) << 0;
return std::make_tuple(os9_date, os9_time);
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// validate_filename
//-------------------------------------------------
bool coco_os9_impl::validate_filename(std::string_view name)
{
return !is_ignored_filename(name)
&& name.size() <= 29
&& std::find_if(name.begin(), name.end(), [](const char ch) { return ch == '\0' || ch == '/' || ch >= 0x80; }) == name.end();
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// is_ignored_filename - should this file name be
// ignored if it is in the file system?
//-------------------------------------------------
bool coco_os9_impl::is_ignored_filename(std::string_view name)
{
return name.empty()
|| name[0] == '\0'
|| name == "."
|| name == "..";
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// volume_header ctor
//-------------------------------------------------
coco_os9_impl::volume_header::volume_header(fsblk_t::block_t &&block)
: m_block(std::move(block))
{
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// volume_header::name
//-------------------------------------------------
std::string coco_os9_impl::volume_header::name() const
{
std::string_view raw_name((const char *)&m_block.rodata()[31], 32);
return pick_os9_string(raw_name);
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// file_header ctor
//-------------------------------------------------
coco_os9_impl::file_header::file_header(fsblk_t::block_t &&block, std::string &&filename)
: m_block(std::move(block))
, m_filename(std::move(filename))
{
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// file_header::creation_date
//-------------------------------------------------
util::arbitrary_datetime coco_os9_impl::file_header::creation_date() const
{
return from_os9_date(m_block.r24b(13));
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// file_header::metadata
//-------------------------------------------------
meta_data coco_os9_impl::file_header::metadata() const
{
// format the attributes
std::string attributes = util::string_format("%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c",
is_directory() ? 'd' : '-',
is_non_sharable() ? 's' : '-',
is_public_execute() ? 'x' : '-',
is_public_write() ? 'w' : '-',
is_public_read() ? 'r' : '-',
is_user_execute() ? 'x' : '-',
is_user_write() ? 'w' : '-',
is_user_read() ? 'r' : '-');
meta_data result;
result.set(meta_name::name, m_filename);
result.set(meta_name::creation_date, creation_date());
result.set(meta_name::owner_id, owner_id());
result.set(meta_name::attributes, std::move(attributes));
result.set(meta_name::length, file_size());
return result;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// file_header::get_sector_map_entry_count
//-------------------------------------------------
int coco_os9_impl::file_header::get_sector_map_entry_count() const
{
return (m_block.size() - 16) / 5;
}
//-------------------------------------------------
// file_header::get_sector_map_entry
//-------------------------------------------------
void coco_os9_impl::file_header::get_sector_map_entry(int entry_number, u32 &start_lsn, u16 &count) const
{
start_lsn = m_block.r24b(16 + (entry_number * 5) + 0);
count = m_block.r16b(16 + (entry_number * 5) + 3);
}
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