/****************************************************************************** KIM-1 system driver Juergen Buchmueller, Oct 1999 KIM-1 memory map range short description 0000-03FF RAM 1400-16FF ??? 1700-173F 6530-003 see 6530 1740-177F 6530-002 see 6530 1780-17BF RAM internal 6530-003 17C0-17FF RAM internal 6530-002 1800-1BFF ROM internal 6530-003 1C00-1FFF ROM internal 6530-002 6530 offset R/W short purpose 0 X DRA Data register A 1 X DDRA Data direction register A 2 X DRB Data register B 3 X DDRB Data direction register B 4 W CNT1T Count down from value, divide by 1, disable IRQ 5 W CNT8T Count down from value, divide by 8, disable IRQ 6 W CNT64T Count down from value, divide by 64, disable IRQ R LATCH Read current counter value, disable IRQ 7 W CNT1KT Count down from value, divide by 1024, disable IRQ R STATUS Read counter statzs, bit 7 = 1 means counter overflow 8 X DRA Data register A 9 X DDRA Data direction register A A X DRB Data register B B X DDRB Data direction register B C W CNT1I Count down from value, divide by 1, enable IRQ D W CNT8I Count down from value, divide by 8, enable IRQ E W CNT64I Count down from value, divide by 64, enable IRQ R LATCH Read current counter value, enable IRQ F W CNT1KI Count down from value, divide by 1024, enable IRQ R STATUS Read counter statzs, bit 7 = 1 means counter overflow 6530-002 (U2) DRA bit write read --------------------------------------------- 0-6 segments A-G key columns 1-7 7 PTR KBD DRB bit write read --------------------------------------------- 0 PTR -/- 1-4 dec 1-3 key row 1-3 4 RW3 5-9 7-seg 1-6 6530-003 (U3) DRA bit write read --------------------------------------------- 0-7 bus PA0-7 bus PA0-7 DRB bit write read --------------------------------------------- 0-7 bus PB0-7 bus PB0-7 The cassette interface ====================== The KIM-1 stores data on cassette using 2 frequencies: ~3700Hz (high) and ~2400Hz (low). A high tone is output for 9 cycles and a low tone for 6 cycles. A logic bit is encoded using 3 sequences of high and low tones. It always starts with a high tone and ends with a low tone. The middle tone is high for a logic 0 and low for 0 logic 1. These high and low tone signals are fed to a circuit containing a LM565 PLL and a 311 comparator. For a high tone a 1 is passed to DB7 of 6530-U2 for a low tone a 0 is passed. The KIM-1 software measures the time it takes for the signal to change from 1 to 0. Pasting: 0-F : as is + (inc) : ^ AD : - DA : = GO : X (note: DA only works when addressing RAM) Test Paste: =11^22^33^44^55^66^77^88^99^-0000 Now press up-arrow to confirm the data has been entered. ******************************************************************************/ #include "emu.h" #include "cpu/m6502/m6502.h" #include "sound/dac.h" #include "machine/mos6530.h" #include "imagedev/cassette.h" #include "formats/kim1_cas.h" #include "kim1.lh" class kim1_state : public driver_device { public: kim1_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) : driver_device(mconfig, type, tag), m_maincpu(*this, "maincpu"), m_riot2(*this, "miot_u2"), m_cass(*this, "cassette"), m_line0(*this, "LINE0"), m_line1(*this, "LINE1"), m_line2(*this, "LINE2"), m_line3(*this, "LINE3") { } required_device m_maincpu; required_device m_riot2; required_device m_cass; DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_read_a); DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_write_a); DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_read_b); DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_write_b); UINT8 m_u2_port_b; UINT8 m_311_output; UINT32 m_cassette_high_count; UINT8 m_led_time[6]; virtual void machine_start(); virtual void machine_reset(); DECLARE_INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(kim1_reset); TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_cassette_input); TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_update_leds); protected: required_ioport m_line0; required_ioport m_line1; required_ioport m_line2; required_ioport m_line3; }; static ADDRESS_MAP_START(kim1_map, AS_PROGRAM, 8, kim1_state) AM_RANGE(0x0000, 0x03ff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_RAM AM_RANGE(0x1700, 0x173f) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_DEVREADWRITE("miot_u3", mos6530_device, read, write ) AM_RANGE(0x1740, 0x177f) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_DEVREADWRITE("miot_u2", mos6530_device, read, write ) AM_RANGE(0x1780, 0x17bf) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_RAM AM_RANGE(0x17c0, 0x17ff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_RAM AM_RANGE(0x1800, 0x1bff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_ROM AM_RANGE(0x1c00, 0x1fff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_ROM ADDRESS_MAP_END INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_reset) { if (newval == 0) m_maincpu->reset(); } static INPUT_PORTS_START( kim1 ) PORT_START("LINE0") /* IN0 keys row 0 */ PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("0") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0) PORT_CHAR('0') PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("1") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CHAR('1') PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("2") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2) PORT_CHAR('2') PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("3") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CHAR('3') PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("4") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CHAR('4') PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("5") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CHAR('5') PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("6") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CHAR('6') PORT_START("LINE1") /* IN1 keys row 1 */ PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("7") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CHAR('7') PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("8") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CHAR('8') PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("9") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9) PORT_CHAR('9') PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("A") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A) PORT_CHAR('A') PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("B") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B) PORT_CHAR('B') PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("C") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C) PORT_CHAR('C') PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("D") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D) PORT_CHAR('D') PORT_START("LINE2") /* IN2 keys row 2 */ PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("E") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E) PORT_CHAR('E') PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("F") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F) PORT_CHAR('F') PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("AD") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS) PORT_CHAR('-') PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("DA") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_EQUALS) PORT_CHAR('=') PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("+") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_UP) PORT_CHAR('^') PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("GO") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_X) PORT_CHAR('X') PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("PC") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F6) PORT_START("LINE3") /* IN3 STEP and RESET keys, MODE switch */ PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("sw1: ST") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F7) PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("sw2: RS") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F3) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, kim1_state, kim1_reset, NULL) PORT_DIPNAME(0x10, 0x10, "sw3: SS") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_NUMLOCK) PORT_TOGGLE PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, "single step") PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x10, "run") PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED ) INPUT_PORTS_END READ8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_a ) { UINT8 data = 0xff; switch( ( m_u2_port_b >> 1 ) & 0x0f ) { case 0: data = m_line0->read(); break; case 1: data = m_line1->read(); break; case 2: data = m_line2->read(); break; } return data; } WRITE8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_a ) { UINT8 idx = ( m_u2_port_b >> 1 ) & 0x0f; if ( idx >= 4 && idx < 10 ) { if ( data & 0x80 ) { output_set_digit_value( idx-4, data & 0x7f ); m_led_time[idx - 4] = 15; } } } READ8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_b ) { if ( m_riot2->portb_out_get() & 0x20 ) return 0xFF; return 0x7F | ( m_311_output ^ 0x80 ); } WRITE8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_b ) { m_u2_port_b = data; if ( data & 0x20 ) /* cassette write/speaker update */ m_cass->output(( data & 0x80 ) ? -1.0 : 1.0 ); /* Set IRQ when bit 7 is cleared */ } TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_cassette_input) { double tap_val = m_cass->input(); if ( tap_val <= 0 ) { if ( m_cassette_high_count ) { m_311_output = ( m_cassette_high_count < 8 ) ? 0x80 : 0; m_cassette_high_count = 0; } } if ( tap_val > 0 ) m_cassette_high_count++; } TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_update_leds) { UINT8 i; for ( i = 0; i < 6; i++ ) { if ( m_led_time[i] ) m_led_time[i]--; else output_set_digit_value( i, 0 ); } } void kim1_state::machine_start() { save_item(NAME(m_u2_port_b)); save_item(NAME(m_311_output)); save_item(NAME(m_cassette_high_count)); } void kim1_state::machine_reset() { UINT8 i; for ( i = 0; i < 6; i++ ) m_led_time[i] = 0; m_311_output = 0; m_cassette_high_count = 0; } static MACHINE_CONFIG_START( kim1, kim1_state ) /* basic machine hardware */ MCFG_CPU_ADD("maincpu", M6502, 1000000) /* 1 MHz */ MCFG_CPU_PROGRAM_MAP(kim1_map) MCFG_QUANTUM_TIME(attotime::from_hz(60)) /* video */ MCFG_DEFAULT_LAYOUT( layout_kim1 ) /* sound hardware */ MCFG_SPEAKER_STANDARD_MONO("mono") MCFG_SOUND_ADD("dac", DAC, 0) MCFG_SOUND_ROUTE(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 1.00) /* devices */ MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("miot_u2", MOS6530, 1000000) MCFG_MOS6530_IN_PA_CB(READ8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_read_a)) MCFG_MOS6530_OUT_PA_CB(WRITE8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_write_a)) MCFG_MOS6530_IN_PB_CB(READ8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_read_b)) MCFG_MOS6530_OUT_PB_CB(WRITE8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_write_b)) MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("miot_u3", MOS6530, 1000000) MCFG_CASSETTE_ADD( "cassette" ) MCFG_CASSETTE_FORMATS(kim1_cassette_formats) MCFG_CASSETTE_DEFAULT_STATE(CASSETTE_STOPPED) MCFG_TIMER_DRIVER_ADD_PERIODIC("led_timer", kim1_state, kim1_update_leds, attotime::from_hz(60)) MCFG_TIMER_DRIVER_ADD_PERIODIC("cassette_timer", kim1_state, kim1_cassette_input, attotime::from_hz(44100)) MACHINE_CONFIG_END ROM_START(kim1) ROM_REGION(0x10000,"maincpu",0) ROM_LOAD("6530-003.bin", 0x1800, 0x0400, CRC(a2a56502) SHA1(60b6e48f35fe4899e29166641bac3e81e3b9d220)) ROM_LOAD("6530-002.bin", 0x1c00, 0x0400, CRC(2b08e923) SHA1(054f7f6989af3a59462ffb0372b6f56f307b5362)) ROM_END /* YEAR NAME PARENT COMPAT MACHINE INPUT INIT COMPANY FULLNAME FLAGS */ COMP( 1975, kim1, 0, 0, kim1, kim1, driver_device, 0, "MOS Technologies", "KIM-1" , GAME_SUPPORTS_SAVE)