/*************************************************************************** Sega 16-bit common hardware **************************************************************************** Hang On ------- Control Board (834-5668): 315-5011 -- sprite line comparitor 315-5012 -- sprite generator control 315-5049 (x2) -- tilemaps 315-5107 (PAL x2) -- horizontal timing control 315-5108 -- vertical timing control 315-5122 (PAL) -- timing Enduro Racer ------------ CPU Side (171-5319): 315-5164 (PAL) 315-5165 (PAL) 315-5166 (PAL) 315-5167 (PAL) Video Side (171-5320): 315-5049 (x2) -- tilemaps 315-5011 -- sprite line comparitor 315-5012 -- sprite generator control 315-5106 (PAL) 315-5107 (PAL) 315-5108 (PAL) 315-5168 (PAL) 315-5170 (PAL) 315-5171 (PAL) 315-5172 (PAL) Pre-System 16 ------------- Main Board (171-5335): 315-5011 -- sprite line comparitor 315-5012 -- sprite generator control 315-5049 (x2) -- tilemaps 315-5107 (PAL) -- display timing 315-5108 (PAL) -- display timing 315-5141 (PAL) -- Z80 address decoding 315-5143 (PAL) -- sprite-related? 315-5144 (PAL) -- sprite-related? 315-5147 (PAL) -- unknown, DTACK-related 315-5149 (PAL) -- video mixing 315-5193 (PAL) -- 68000/MCU interface & address decoding 315-5202 (PAL) -- 68000/MCU interface & address decoding Sega System 16A --------------- Bottom Board (171-5307): 315-5011 -- sprite line comparitor 315-5012 -- sprite generator control 315-5049 (x2) -- tilemaps 315-5107 (PAL) -- display timing 315-5108 (PAL) -- display timing 315-5143 (PAL) -- sprite-related? 315-5144 (PAL) -- sprite-related? 315-5145 (PAL) Top Board (171-5306): 315-5141 (PAL) -- Z80 address decoding 315-5142 (PAL) 315-5149 (PAL) -- video mixing 315-5150 (PAL) Sega System 16B --------------- Main Board (171-5357): 315-5195 -- memory mapper 315-5196 -- sprite generator 315-5197 -- tilemap generator 315-5213 (PAL) -- sprite-related 315-5214 (PAL) -- unknown ROM Board (171-5521): 315-5298 (PAL) ROM Board (171-5704): 315-5298 (PAL) ROM Board (171-5797): 315-5248 -- hardware multiplier 315-5250 -- compare/timer 315-5298 (PAL) Sega System 18 -------------- Main Board (171-5873B): 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5296 -- I/O chip 315-5313 -- VDP 315-5360 -- memory mapper? 315-5361 -- sprite generator 315-5362 -- tilemap generator 315-5373 (PAL) -- video mixing 315-5374 (PAL) -- sprite timing 315-5375 (PAL) -- system timing 315-5389 (PAL) -- VDP sync 315-5390 (PAL) 315-5391 (PAL) -- Z80 address decoding Main Board (171-5873-02B): 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5296 -- I/O chip 315-5313 -- VDP 315-5360 -- memory mapper? 315-5361 -- sprite generator 315-5362 -- tilemap generator 315-5374 (PAL) -- sprite timing 315-5375 (PAL) -- system timing 315-5389 (PAL) -- VDP sync 315-5391 (PAL) -- Z80 address decoding 315-5430 (PAL) -- video mixing ROM Board (171-5987A): 315-5436 -- tile/sprite banking Sega System C ------------- Main Board: 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5296 -- I/O chip 315-5313 -- VDP 315-5393 (PAL) 315-5394 (PAL) 315-5395 (PAL) Super Hang On ------------- CPU Board 171-5376-01: 315-5195 -- memory mapper 315-5218 -- PCM sound controller 315-5155 (PAL x2) -- road bit extraction 315-5222 (PAL) -- road mixing 315-5223a (PAL) 315-5224 (PAL) 315-5225 (PAL) 315-5226 (PAL) VIDEO Board: (not the same as out run !) 171-5480 315-5196 -- sprite generator 315-5197 -- tilemap generator 315-5213 (PAL) -- sprite-related 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5251 (PAL) Out Run ------- CPU Board 837-6063-01: 315-5195 -- memory mapper 315-5218 -- PCM sound controller 315-5155 (PAL x2) -- road bit extraction 315-5222 (PAL) -- road mixing 315-5223a (PAL) 315-5224 (PAL) 315-5225 (PAL) 315-5226 (PAL) VIDEO Board: 837-6064, 171-5377-01 315-5197 -- tilemap generator 315-5211 -- sprite generator 315-5227a (PAL) 315-5228 (PAL) 315-5242 -- color encoder Sega System 32 -------------- Main Board (317-5964): 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5296 -- I/O chip 315-5385 315-5386 -- tilemap generator 315-5387 -- sprite generator 315-5388 -- video mixing 315-5441 (PAL) 315-5476 X-Board ------- Main Board: 315-5197 -- tilemap generator 315-5211A -- sprite generator 315-5218 -- PCM sound controller 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5248 (x2) -- hardware multiplier 315-5249 (x2) -- hardware divider 315-5250 (x2) -- compare/timer 315-5275 -- road generator 315-5278 (PAL) -- sprite ROM bank control 315-5279 (PAL) -- video mixing (Afterburner) 315-5280 (PAL) -- Z80 address decoding 315-5290 (PAL) -- main CPU address decoding 315-5291 (PAL) -- main CPU address decoding 315-5304 (PAL) -- video mixing (Line of Fire) Y-Board ------- Main Board (837-6565): 315-5218 -- PCM sound controller 315-5248 (x3) -- hardware multiplier 315-5249 (x3) -- hardware divider 315-5280 (PAL) -- Z80 address decoding 315-5296 -- I/O chip 315-5314 (PAL) 315-5315 (PAL) 315-5316 (PAL) 315-5317 (PAL) 315-5318 (PAL) 315-5328 (PAL) Video Board (837-6566): 315-5196 -- sprite generator 315-5213 (PAL) -- sprite-related 315-5242 -- color encoder 315-5305 -- sprite generator 315-5306 (x2) -- video sync and rotation 315-5312 -- video mixing 315-5319 (PAL) 315-5325 (PAL) Custom parts ------------ SYS1 SYS2 HANG ENDU PR16 S16A S16B SY18 SHNG ORUN XBRD YBRD SYSC SY24 SY32 315-5011: xx xx xx xx xx xx -- sprite line comparitor 315-5012: xx xx xx xx xx xx -- sprite generator control 315-5049: xx x2 x2 x2 x2 -- tilemap generator 315-5195: xx xx xx -- memory mapper 315-5196: xx xx xx -- sprite genereator 315-5197: xx xx xx xx -- tilemap generator 315-5211: xx -- sprite generator 315-5211A: xx -- sprite generator 315-5218: xx xx xx xx -- PCM sound controller 315-5242: xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx -- color encoder 315-5248: xx x2 x3 -- hardware multiplier 315-5249: x2 x3 -- hardware divider 315-5250: xx x2 -- compare/timer 315-5275: xx -- road generator 315-5296: xx xx xx xx -- I/O chip 315-5305: xx -- 315-5312: xx -- video mixing 315-5313: xx xx -- VDP 315-5360: xx -- memory mapper 315-5361: xx -- sprite generator 315-5362: xx -- tilemap generator 315-5385: xx -- ??? 315-5386: xx -- tilemap generator 315-5387: xx -- sprite generator 315-5388: xx -- video mixing 315-5436: xx -- sprite/tile banking 315-5476: xx -- ???? **************************************************************************** Sega system16 and friends hardware CPU Tiles Sprites Priority Color SCPU Sound Other System C 68000 315-5313 315-5242 z80 ym3438 315-5296(IO) Space Harrier 68000x2 (c) z80 ym2203 pcm(b) System 16B 68000 315-5197 315-5196 GAL (c) z80 ym2151 upd7759 315-5195 After Burner 68000x2 315-5197 315-5211A GAL 315-5242 z80 ym2151 315-5218 315-5250(a) 315-5248(x2) 315-5249(x2) 315-5275(road) System 18 68000 315-536x 315-536x 315-5242 z80 ym3834(x2) RF5c68(d) 315-3296(IO) 315-5313(vdp) System 24 68000x2 315-5292 315-5293 315-5294 315-5242 ym2151 dac 315-5195(x3) 315-5296(IO) Galaxy Force 68000x3 315-5296+ 315-5312 315-5242 z80 ym2151 315-5218 315-5296(IO) System 32 V60 315-5386A 315-5387 315-5388 315-5242 z80 ym3834(x2) RF5c68(d) 315-5296(IO) a) 315-5250: 68000 glue and address decoding b) 8x8-bit voices entirely in TTL. The 315-5218 is believed to be the integrated version of that c) Resistor network and latches believed to be equivalent to the 315-5242 d) Also seen as 315-5476A and ASSP 5c105 and ASSP 5c68a Quick review of the system16 hardware: Hang-on hardware: The first one. Two tilemap planes, one sprite plane, one road plane. The shadow capability doesn't seem to be used, the highlight/shadow switch in the 5242-equivalent is global for all colors. Space harrier hardware: Similar to hang-on, with per-color highlight/shadow selection, and the shadows are used. System16a / Pre-system16: Space harrier without the road generator. System16b: 4-layer tilemap hardware in two pairs, with selection between each members on the pairs on a 8-lines basis. Slightly better sprites. System18 System 16b plus a genesis vdp. Outrun: System 16b tilemaps, frame buffered sprites with better zooming capabilities, and a road generator able to handle two roads simultaneously. Super hang-on: Outrun lite, with System 16b sprites instead of the frame buffered sprites, and only one of the two roads is actually used. X-Board: Outrun with a better fillrate and an even more flexible road generator. Y-Board: New design, with two sprite planes and no tilemaps. The back sprite plane has a huge fillrate and the capability to have its frame buffer completely rotated. Also, it has a palette indirection capability to allows for easier palette rotations. The front sprite plane is System 16b. System24: The odd one out. Medium resolution. Entirely ram-based, no graphics roms. 4-layer tilemap hardware in two pairs, selection on a 8-pixels basis. Tile-based sprites(!) organised as a linked list. The tilemap chip has been reused for model1 and model2, probably because they had it handy and it handles medium res. System32: 5-layer tilemap hardware consisting of 4 independent rom-based layers with linescroll, lineselection, linezoom and window clipping capability and one simpler ram-based text plane. Mixed ram/rom sprite engine with palette indirection, per-color priority (thankfully not actually used). The sprite list includes jumping and clipping capabilities, and advanced hot-spot positioning. The mixer chip adds totally dynamic priorities, alpha-blending of the tilemaps, per-component color control, and some other funnies we have not been able to decypher. ST-V (also know as Titan or the Saturn console): The ultimate 2D system. Even more advanced tilemaps, with 6-dof roz support, alpha up to the wazoo and other niceties, known as the vdp2. Ths sprite engine, vdp1, allows for any 4-point streching of the sprites, actually giving polygonal 3D capabilities. Interestingly, the mixer capabilities took a hit, with no real per-sprite mixer priority, which could be considered annoying for a 2D system. It still allowed some beauties like Radiant Silvergun. ***************************************************************************/ #include "emu.h" #include "segaic16.h" #include "video/resnet.h" /************************************* * * Debugging * *************************************/ #define PRINT_UNUSUAL_MODES (0) /************************************* * * Globals * *************************************/ UINT8 segaic16_display_enable; UINT16 *segaic16_tileram_0; UINT16 *segaic16_textram_0; UINT16 *segaic16_roadram_0; UINT16 *segaic16_rotateram_0; UINT16 *segaic16_paletteram; struct palette_info segaic16_palette; struct rotate_info segaic16_rotate[SEGAIC16_MAX_ROTATE]; struct road_info segaic16_road[SEGAIC16_MAX_ROADS]; /************************************* * * Statics * *************************************/ static struct tilemap_info bg_tilemap[SEGAIC16_MAX_TILEMAPS]; /************************************* * * Misc functions * *************************************/ void segaic16_set_display_enable(running_machine &machine, int enable) { enable = (enable != 0); if (segaic16_display_enable != enable) { machine.primary_screen->update_partial(machine.primary_screen->vpos()); segaic16_display_enable = enable; } } /************************************* * * Palette computation * *************************************/ /* Color generation details Each color is made up of 5 bits, connected through one or more resistors like so: Bit 0 = 1 x 3.9K ohm Bit 1 = 1 x 2.0K ohm Bit 2 = 1 x 1.0K ohm Bit 3 = 2 x 1.0K ohm Bit 4 = 4 x 1.0K ohm Another data bit is connected by a tristate buffer to the color output through a 470 ohm resistor. The buffer allows the resistor to have no effect (tristate), halve brightness (pull-down) or double brightness (pull-up). The data bit source is bit 15 of each color RAM entry. */ void segaic16_palette_init(int entries) { static const int resistances_normal[6] = { 3900, 2000, 1000, 1000/2, 1000/4, 0 }; static const int resistances_sh[6] = { 3900, 2000, 1000, 1000/2, 1000/4, 470 }; double weights[2][6]; int i; struct palette_info *info = &segaic16_palette; /* compute the number of palette entries */ info->entries = entries; /* compute weight table for regular palette entries */ compute_resistor_weights(0, 255, -1.0, 6, resistances_normal, weights[0], 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0); /* compute weight table for shadow/hilight palette entries */ compute_resistor_weights(0, 255, -1.0, 6, resistances_sh, weights[1], 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, 0); /* compute R, G, B for each weight */ for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) { int i4 = (i >> 4) & 1; int i3 = (i >> 3) & 1; int i2 = (i >> 2) & 1; int i1 = (i >> 1) & 1; int i0 = (i >> 0) & 1; info->normal[i] = combine_6_weights(weights[0], i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, 0); info->shadow[i] = combine_6_weights(weights[1], i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, 0); info->hilight[i] = combine_6_weights(weights[1], i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, 1); } } /************************************* * * Palette accessors * *************************************/ WRITE16_HANDLER( segaic16_paletteram_w ) { UINT16 newval; int r, g, b; struct palette_info *info = &segaic16_palette; /* get the new value */ newval = segaic16_paletteram[offset]; COMBINE_DATA(&newval); segaic16_paletteram[offset] = newval; /* byte 0 byte 1 */ /* sBGR BBBB GGGG RRRR */ /* x000 4321 4321 4321 */ r = ((newval >> 12) & 0x01) | ((newval << 1) & 0x1e); g = ((newval >> 13) & 0x01) | ((newval >> 3) & 0x1e); b = ((newval >> 14) & 0x01) | ((newval >> 7) & 0x1e); /* normal colors */ palette_set_color_rgb(space->machine(), offset + 0 * info->entries, info->normal[r], info->normal[g], info->normal[b]); palette_set_color_rgb(space->machine(), offset + 1 * info->entries, info->shadow[r], info->shadow[g], info->shadow[b]); palette_set_color_rgb(space->machine(), offset + 2 * info->entries, info->hilight[r], info->hilight[g], info->hilight[b]); } /************************************* * * Draw a split tilemap in up to * four pieces * *************************************/ static void segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(running_machine &machine, struct tilemap_info *info, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, UINT16 pages, UINT16 xscroll, UINT16 yscroll, UINT32 flags, UINT32 priority) { int leftmin = -1, leftmax = -1, rightmin = -1, rightmax = -1; int topmin = -1, topmax = -1, bottommin = -1, bottommax = -1; rectangle pageclip; int page; int width = machine.primary_screen->width(); int height = machine.primary_screen->height(); /* which half/halves of the virtual tilemap do we intersect in the X direction? */ if (xscroll < 64*8 - width) { leftmin = 0; leftmax = width - 1; rightmin = -1; } else if (xscroll < 64*8) { leftmin = 0; leftmax = 64*8 - xscroll - 1; rightmin = leftmax + 1; rightmax = width - 1; } else if (xscroll < 128*8 - width) { rightmin = 0; rightmax = width - 1; leftmin = -1; } else { rightmin = 0; rightmax = 128*8 - xscroll - 1; leftmin = rightmax + 1; leftmax = width - 1; } /* which half/halves of the virtual tilemap do we intersect in the Y direction? */ if (yscroll < 32*8 - height) { topmin = 0; topmax = height - 1; bottommin = -1; } else if (yscroll < 32*8) { topmin = 0; topmax = 32*8 - yscroll - 1; bottommin = topmax + 1; bottommax = height - 1; } else if (yscroll < 64*8 - height) { bottommin = 0; bottommax = height - 1; topmin = -1; } else { bottommin = 0; bottommax = 64*8 - yscroll - 1; topmin = bottommax + 1; topmax = height - 1; } /* if the tilemap is flipped, we need to flip our sense within each quadrant */ if (info->flip) { if (leftmin != -1) { int temp = leftmin; leftmin = width - 1 - leftmax; leftmax = width - 1 - temp; } if (rightmin != -1) { int temp = rightmin; rightmin = width - 1 - rightmax; rightmax = width - 1 - temp; } if (topmin != -1) { int temp = topmin; topmin = height - 1 - topmax; topmax = height - 1 - temp; } if (bottommin != -1) { int temp = bottommin; bottommin = height - 1 - bottommax; bottommax = height - 1 - temp; } } /* draw the upper-left chunk */ if (leftmin != -1 && topmin != -1) { pageclip.min_x = (leftmin < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : leftmin; pageclip.max_x = (leftmax > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : leftmax; pageclip.min_y = (topmin < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : topmin; pageclip.max_y = (topmax > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : topmax; if (pageclip.min_x <= pageclip.max_x && pageclip.min_y <= pageclip.max_y) { page = (pages >> 0) & 0xf; tilemap_set_scrollx(info->tilemaps[page], 0, xscroll); tilemap_set_scrolly(info->tilemaps[page], 0, yscroll); tilemap_draw(bitmap, &pageclip, info->tilemaps[page], flags, priority); } } /* draw the upper-right chunk */ if (rightmin != -1 && topmin != -1) { pageclip.min_x = (rightmin < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : rightmin; pageclip.max_x = (rightmax > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : rightmax; pageclip.min_y = (topmin < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : topmin; pageclip.max_y = (topmax > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : topmax; if (pageclip.min_x <= pageclip.max_x && pageclip.min_y <= pageclip.max_y) { page = (pages >> 4) & 0xf; tilemap_set_scrollx(info->tilemaps[page], 0, xscroll); tilemap_set_scrolly(info->tilemaps[page], 0, yscroll); tilemap_draw(bitmap, &pageclip, info->tilemaps[page], flags, priority); } } /* draw the lower-left chunk */ if (leftmin != -1 && bottommin != -1) { pageclip.min_x = (leftmin < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : leftmin; pageclip.max_x = (leftmax > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : leftmax; pageclip.min_y = (bottommin < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : bottommin; pageclip.max_y = (bottommax > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : bottommax; if (pageclip.min_x <= pageclip.max_x && pageclip.min_y <= pageclip.max_y) { page = (pages >> 8) & 0xf; tilemap_set_scrollx(info->tilemaps[page], 0, xscroll); tilemap_set_scrolly(info->tilemaps[page], 0, yscroll); tilemap_draw(bitmap, &pageclip, info->tilemaps[page], flags, priority); } } /* draw the lower-right chunk */ if (rightmin != -1 && bottommin != -1) { pageclip.min_x = (rightmin < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : rightmin; pageclip.max_x = (rightmax > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : rightmax; pageclip.min_y = (bottommin < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : bottommin; pageclip.max_y = (bottommax > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : bottommax; if (pageclip.min_x <= pageclip.max_x && pageclip.min_y <= pageclip.max_y) { page = (pages >> 12) & 0xf; tilemap_set_scrollx(info->tilemaps[page], 0, xscroll); tilemap_set_scrolly(info->tilemaps[page], 0, yscroll); tilemap_draw(bitmap, &pageclip, info->tilemaps[page], flags, priority); } } } /******************************************************************************************* * * Hang On/System 16A-style tilemaps * * 4 total pages (Hang On) * 8 total pages (System 16A) * Column/rowscroll enabled via external signals * * Tile format: * Bits Usage * ??------ -------- Unknown * --b----- -------- Tile bank select * ---p---- -------- Tile priority versus sprites * ----cccc ccc----- Tile color palette * ----nnnn nnnnnnnn Tile index * * Text format: * Bits Usage * ????---- -------- Unknown * ----p--- -------- Priority * -----ccc -------- Tile color palette * -------- nnnnnnnn Tile index * * Text RAM: * Offset Bits Usage * E8C -aaa-bbb -ccc-ddd Background tilemap page select (screen flipped) * E8E -aaa-bbb -ccc-ddd Foreground tilemap page select (screen flipped) * E9C -aaa-bbb -ccc-ddd Background tilemap page select * E9E -aaa-bbb -ccc-ddd Foreground tilemap page select * F24 -------- vvvvvvvv Foreground tilemap vertical scroll * F26 -------- vvvvvvvv Background tilemap vertical scroll * F30-F7D -------- vvvvvvvv Foreground tilemap per-16-pixel-column vertical scroll (every 2 words) * F32-F7F -------- vvvvvvvv Background tilemap per-16-pixel-column vertical scroll (every 2 words) * F80-FED -------h hhhhhhhh Foreground tilemap per-8-pixel-row horizontal scroll (every 2 words) * F82-FEF -------h hhhhhhhh Background tilemap per-8-pixel-row horizontal scroll (every 2 words) * FF8 -------h hhhhhhhh Foreground tilemap horizontal scroll * FFA -------h hhhhhhhh Background tilemap horizontal scroll * *******************************************************************************************/ static TILE_GET_INFO( segaic16_tilemap_16a_tile_info ) { const struct tilemap_callback_info *info = (const struct tilemap_callback_info *)param; UINT16 data = info->rambase[tile_index]; int code = ((data >> 1) & 0x1000) | (data & 0xfff); int color = (data >> 5) & 0x7f; SET_TILE_INFO(0, code, color, 0); tileinfo->category = (data >> 12) & 1; } static TILE_GET_INFO( segaic16_tilemap_16a_text_info ) { const struct tilemap_callback_info *info = (const struct tilemap_callback_info *)param; UINT16 data = info->rambase[tile_index]; int color = (data >> 8) & 0x07; int code = data & 0xff; SET_TILE_INFO(0, code, color, 0); tileinfo->category = (data >> 11) & 1; } static void segaic16_tilemap_16a_draw_layer(running_machine &machine, struct tilemap_info *info, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, int which, int flags, int priority) { UINT16 *textram = info->textram; /* note that the scrolling for these games can only scroll as much as the top-left */ /* page; in order to scroll beyond that they swap pages and reset the scroll value */ UINT16 xscroll = textram[0xff8/2 + which] & 0x1ff; UINT16 yscroll = textram[0xf24/2 + which] & 0x0ff; UINT16 pages = textram[(info->flip ? 0xe8e/2 : 0xe9e/2) - which]; int x, y; /* pages are swapped along the X direction, and there are only 8 of them */ pages = ((pages >> 4) & 0x0707) | ((pages << 4) & 0x7070); if (info->numpages == 4) pages &= 0x3333; /* column AND row scroll */ if (info->colscroll && info->rowscroll) { if (PRINT_UNUSUAL_MODES) mame_printf_debug("Column AND row scroll\n"); /* loop over row chunks */ for (y = cliprect->min_y & ~7; y <= cliprect->max_y; y += 8) { int rowscrollindex = (info->flip ? (216 - y) : y) / 8; rectangle rowcolclip; /* adjust to clip this row only */ rowcolclip.min_y = (y < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : y; rowcolclip.max_y = (y + 7 > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : y + 7; /* loop over column chunks */ for (x = cliprect->min_x & ~15; x <= cliprect->max_x; x += 16) { UINT16 effxscroll, effyscroll; /* adjust to clip this column only */ rowcolclip.min_x = (x < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : x; rowcolclip.max_x = (x + 15 > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : x + 15; /* get the effective scroll values */ effxscroll = textram[0xf80/2 + rowscrollindex * 2 + which] & 0x1ff; effyscroll = textram[0xf30/2 + (x/16) * 2 + which] & 0x0ff; /* adjust the xscroll for flipped screen */ if (info->flip) effxscroll += 17; /* draw the chunk */ effxscroll = (0xc8 - effxscroll + info->xoffs) & 0x3ff; effyscroll = effyscroll & 0x1ff; segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(machine, info, bitmap, &rowcolclip, pages, effxscroll, effyscroll, flags, priority); } } } else if (info->colscroll) { if (PRINT_UNUSUAL_MODES) mame_printf_debug("Column scroll\n"); /* loop over column chunks */ for (x = cliprect->min_x & ~15; x <= cliprect->max_x; x += 16) { rectangle colclip = *cliprect; UINT16 effxscroll, effyscroll; /* adjust to clip this row only */ colclip.min_x = (x < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : x; colclip.max_x = (x + 15 > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : x + 15; /* get the effective scroll values */ effxscroll = xscroll; effyscroll = textram[0xf30/2 + (x/16) * 2 + which] & 0x0ff; /* adjust the xscroll for flipped screen */ if (info->flip) effxscroll += 17; /* draw the chunk */ effxscroll = (0xc8 - effxscroll + info->xoffs) & 0x3ff; effyscroll = effyscroll & 0x1ff; segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(machine, info, bitmap, &colclip, pages, effxscroll, effyscroll, flags, priority); } } else if (info->rowscroll) { if (PRINT_UNUSUAL_MODES) mame_printf_debug("Row scroll\n"); /* loop over row chunks */ for (y = cliprect->min_y & ~7; y <= cliprect->max_y; y += 8) { int rowscrollindex = (info->flip ? (216 - y) : y) / 8; rectangle rowclip = *cliprect; UINT16 effxscroll, effyscroll; /* adjust to clip this row only */ rowclip.min_y = (y < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : y; rowclip.max_y = (y + 7 > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : y + 7; /* get the effective scroll values */ effxscroll = textram[0xf80/2 + rowscrollindex * 2 + which] & 0x1ff; effyscroll = yscroll; /* adjust the xscroll for flipped screen */ if (info->flip) effxscroll += 17; /* draw the chunk */ effxscroll = (0xc8 - effxscroll + info->xoffs) & 0x3ff; effyscroll = effyscroll & 0x1ff; segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(machine, info, bitmap, &rowclip, pages, effxscroll, effyscroll, flags, priority); } } else { /* adjust the xscroll for flipped screen */ if (info->flip) xscroll += 17; xscroll = (0xc8 - xscroll + info->xoffs) & 0x3ff; yscroll = yscroll & 0x1ff; segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(machine, info, bitmap, cliprect, pages, xscroll, yscroll, flags, priority); } } /******************************************************************************************* * * System 16B-style tilemaps * * 16 total pages * Column/rowscroll enabled via bits in text layer * Alternate tilemap support * * Tile format: * Bits Usage * p------- -------- Tile priority versus sprites * -??----- -------- Unknown * ---ccccc cc------ Tile color palette * ---nnnnn nnnnnnnn Tile index * * Text format: * Bits Usage * p------- -------- Tile priority versus sprites * -???---- -------- Unknown * ----ccc- -------- Tile color palette * -------n nnnnnnnn Tile index * * Alternate tile format: * Bits Usage * p------- -------- Tile priority versus sprites * -??----- -------- Unknown * ----cccc ccc----- Tile color palette * ---nnnnn nnnnnnnn Tile index * * Alternate text format: * Bits Usage * p------- -------- Tile priority versus sprites * -???---- -------- Unknown * -----ccc -------- Tile color palette * -------- nnnnnnnn Tile index * * Text RAM: * Offset Bits Usage * E80 aaaabbbb ccccdddd Foreground tilemap page select * E82 aaaabbbb ccccdddd Background tilemap page select * E84 aaaabbbb ccccdddd Alternate foreground tilemap page select * E86 aaaabbbb ccccdddd Alternate background tilemap page select * E90 c------- -------- Foreground tilemap column scroll enable * -------v vvvvvvvv Foreground tilemap vertical scroll * E92 c------- -------- Background tilemap column scroll enable * -------v vvvvvvvv Background tilemap vertical scroll * E94 -------v vvvvvvvv Alternate foreground tilemap vertical scroll * E96 -------v vvvvvvvv Alternate background tilemap vertical scroll * E98 r------- -------- Foreground tilemap row scroll enable * ------hh hhhhhhhh Foreground tilemap horizontal scroll * E9A r------- -------- Background tilemap row scroll enable * ------hh hhhhhhhh Background tilemap horizontal scroll * E9C ------hh hhhhhhhh Alternate foreground tilemap horizontal scroll * E9E ------hh hhhhhhhh Alternate background tilemap horizontal scroll * F16-F3F -------- vvvvvvvv Foreground tilemap per-16-pixel-column vertical scroll * F56-F7F -------- vvvvvvvv Background tilemap per-16-pixel-column vertical scroll * F80-FB7 a------- -------- Foreground tilemap per-8-pixel-row alternate tilemap enable * -------h hhhhhhhh Foreground tilemap per-8-pixel-row horizontal scroll * FC0-FF7 a------- -------- Background tilemap per-8-pixel-row alternate tilemap enable * -------h hhhhhhhh Background tilemap per-8-pixel-row horizontal scroll * *******************************************************************************************/ static TILE_GET_INFO( segaic16_tilemap_16b_tile_info ) { const struct tilemap_callback_info *info = (const struct tilemap_callback_info *)param; UINT16 data = info->rambase[tile_index]; int color = (data >> 6) & 0x7f; int code = data & 0x1fff; code = info->bank[code / info->banksize] * info->banksize + code % info->banksize; SET_TILE_INFO(0, code, color, 0); tileinfo->category = (data >> 15) & 1; } static TILE_GET_INFO( segaic16_tilemap_16b_text_info ) { const struct tilemap_callback_info *info = (const struct tilemap_callback_info *)param; UINT16 data = info->rambase[tile_index]; int bank = info->bank[0]; int color = (data >> 9) & 0x07; int code = data & 0x1ff; SET_TILE_INFO(0, bank * info->banksize + code, color, 0); tileinfo->category = (data >> 15) & 1; } static TILE_GET_INFO( segaic16_tilemap_16b_alt_tile_info ) { const struct tilemap_callback_info *info = (const struct tilemap_callback_info *)param; UINT16 data = info->rambase[tile_index]; int color = (data >> 5) & 0x7f; int code = data & 0x1fff; code = info->bank[code / info->banksize] * info->banksize + code % info->banksize; SET_TILE_INFO(0, code, color, 0); tileinfo->category = (data >> 15) & 1; } static TILE_GET_INFO( segaic16_tilemap_16b_alt_text_info ) { const struct tilemap_callback_info *info = (const struct tilemap_callback_info *)param; UINT16 data = info->rambase[tile_index]; int bank = info->bank[0]; int color = (data >> 8) & 0x07; int code = data & 0xff; SET_TILE_INFO(0, bank * info->banksize + code, color, 0); tileinfo->category = (data >> 15) & 1; } static void segaic16_tilemap_16b_draw_layer(running_machine &machine, struct tilemap_info *info, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, int which, int flags, int priority) { UINT16 *textram = info->textram; UINT16 xscroll, yscroll, pages; int x, y; /* get global values */ xscroll = info->latched_xscroll[which]; yscroll = info->latched_yscroll[which]; pages = info->latched_pageselect[which]; /* column scroll? */ if (yscroll & 0x8000) { if (PRINT_UNUSUAL_MODES) mame_printf_debug("Column AND row scroll\n"); /* loop over row chunks */ for (y = cliprect->min_y & ~7; y <= cliprect->max_y; y += 8) { int rowscrollindex = (info->flip ? (216 - y) : y) / 8; rectangle rowcolclip; /* adjust to clip this row only */ rowcolclip.min_y = (y < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : y; rowcolclip.max_y = (y + 7 > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : y + 7; /* loop over column chunks */ for (x = ((cliprect->min_x + 8) & ~15) - 8; x <= cliprect->max_x; x += 16) { UINT16 effxscroll, effyscroll, rowscroll; UINT16 effpages = pages; /* adjust to clip this column only */ rowcolclip.min_x = (x < cliprect->min_x) ? cliprect->min_x : x; rowcolclip.max_x = (x + 15 > cliprect->max_x) ? cliprect->max_x : x + 15; /* get the effective scroll values */ rowscroll = textram[0xf80/2 + 0x40/2 * which + rowscrollindex]; effxscroll = (xscroll & 0x8000) ? rowscroll : xscroll; effyscroll = textram[0xf16/2 + 0x40/2 * which + (x+8)/16]; /* are we using an alternate? */ if (rowscroll & 0x8000) { effxscroll = info->latched_xscroll[which + 2]; effyscroll = info->latched_yscroll[which + 2]; effpages = info->latched_pageselect[which + 2]; } /* draw the chunk */ effxscroll = (0xc0 - effxscroll + info->xoffs) & 0x3ff; effyscroll = effyscroll & 0x1ff; segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(machine, info, bitmap, &rowcolclip, effpages, effxscroll, effyscroll, flags, priority); } } } else { if (PRINT_UNUSUAL_MODES) mame_printf_debug("Row scroll\n"); /* loop over row chunks */ for (y = cliprect->min_y & ~7; y <= cliprect->max_y; y += 8) { int rowscrollindex = (info->flip ? (216 - y) : y) / 8; rectangle rowclip = *cliprect; UINT16 effxscroll, effyscroll, rowscroll; UINT16 effpages = pages; /* adjust to clip this row only */ rowclip.min_y = (y < cliprect->min_y) ? cliprect->min_y : y; rowclip.max_y = (y + 7 > cliprect->max_y) ? cliprect->max_y : y + 7; /* get the effective scroll values */ rowscroll = textram[0xf80/2 + 0x40/2 * which + rowscrollindex]; effxscroll = (xscroll & 0x8000) ? rowscroll : xscroll; effyscroll = yscroll; /* are we using an alternate? */ if (rowscroll & 0x8000) { effxscroll = info->latched_xscroll[which + 2]; effyscroll = info->latched_yscroll[which + 2]; effpages = info->latched_pageselect[which + 2]; } /* draw the chunk */ effxscroll = (0xc0 - effxscroll + info->xoffs) & 0x3ff; effyscroll = effyscroll & 0x1ff; segaic16_draw_virtual_tilemap(machine, info, bitmap, &rowclip, effpages, effxscroll, effyscroll, flags, priority); } } } static TIMER_CALLBACK( segaic16_tilemap_16b_latch_values ) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[param]; UINT16 *textram = info->textram; int i; /* latch the scroll and page select values */ for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { info->latched_pageselect[i] = textram[0xe80/2 + i]; info->latched_yscroll[i] = textram[0xe90/2 + i]; info->latched_xscroll[i] = textram[0xe98/2 + i]; } /* set a timer to do this again next frame */ info->latch_timer->adjust(machine.primary_screen->time_until_pos(261), param); } static void segaic16_tilemap_16b_reset(running_machine &machine, struct tilemap_info *info) { /* set a timer to latch values on scanline 261 */ info->latch_timer->adjust(machine.primary_screen->time_until_pos(261), info->index); } /************************************* * * General tilemap initialization * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_init(running_machine &machine, int which, int type, int colorbase, int xoffs, int numbanks) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; tile_get_info_func get_text_info; tile_get_info_func get_tile_info; int pagenum; int i; /* reset the tilemap info */ memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info)); info->index = which; info->type = type; for (i = 0; i < numbanks; i++) info->bank[i] = i; info->banksize = 0x2000 / numbanks; info->xoffs = xoffs; /* set up based on which tilemap */ switch (which) { case 0: info->textram = segaic16_textram_0; info->tileram = segaic16_tileram_0; break; default: fatalerror("Invalid tilemap index specified in segaic16_tilemap_init"); } /* determine the parameters of the tilemaps */ switch (type) { case SEGAIC16_TILEMAP_HANGON: get_text_info = segaic16_tilemap_16a_text_info; get_tile_info = segaic16_tilemap_16a_tile_info; info->numpages = 4; info->draw_layer = segaic16_tilemap_16a_draw_layer; info->reset = NULL; info->latch_timer = NULL; break; case SEGAIC16_TILEMAP_16A: get_text_info = segaic16_tilemap_16a_text_info; get_tile_info = segaic16_tilemap_16a_tile_info; info->numpages = 8; info->draw_layer = segaic16_tilemap_16a_draw_layer; info->reset = NULL; info->latch_timer = NULL; break; case SEGAIC16_TILEMAP_16B: get_text_info = segaic16_tilemap_16b_text_info; get_tile_info = segaic16_tilemap_16b_tile_info; info->numpages = 16; info->draw_layer = segaic16_tilemap_16b_draw_layer; info->reset = segaic16_tilemap_16b_reset; info->latch_timer = machine.scheduler().timer_alloc(FUNC(segaic16_tilemap_16b_latch_values)); break; case SEGAIC16_TILEMAP_16B_ALT: get_text_info = segaic16_tilemap_16b_alt_text_info; get_tile_info = segaic16_tilemap_16b_alt_tile_info; info->numpages = 16; info->draw_layer = segaic16_tilemap_16b_draw_layer; info->reset = segaic16_tilemap_16b_reset; info->latch_timer = machine.scheduler().timer_alloc(FUNC(segaic16_tilemap_16b_latch_values)); break; default: fatalerror("Invalid tilemap type specified in segaic16_tilemap_init"); } /* create the tilemap for the text layer */ info->textmap = tilemap_create(machine, get_text_info, tilemap_scan_rows, 8,8, 64,28); /* configure it */ info->textmap_info.rambase = info->textram; info->textmap_info.bank = info->bank; info->textmap_info.banksize = info->banksize; tilemap_set_user_data(info->textmap, &info->textmap_info); tilemap_set_palette_offset(info->textmap, colorbase); tilemap_set_transparent_pen(info->textmap, 0); tilemap_set_scrolldx(info->textmap, -192 + xoffs, -170 + xoffs); tilemap_set_scrolldy(info->textmap, 0, 38); /* create the tilemaps for the tile pages */ for (pagenum = 0; pagenum < info->numpages; pagenum++) { /* each page is 64x32 */ info->tilemaps[pagenum] = tilemap_create(machine, get_tile_info, tilemap_scan_rows, 8,8, 64,32); /* configure the tilemap */ info->tmap_info[pagenum].rambase = info->tileram + pagenum * 64*32; info->tmap_info[pagenum].bank = info->bank; info->tmap_info[pagenum].banksize = info->banksize; tilemap_set_user_data(info->tilemaps[pagenum], &info->tmap_info[pagenum]); tilemap_set_palette_offset(info->tilemaps[pagenum], colorbase); tilemap_set_transparent_pen(info->tilemaps[pagenum], 0); tilemap_set_scrolldx(info->tilemaps[pagenum], 0, 22); tilemap_set_scrolldy(info->tilemaps[pagenum], 0, 38); } } /************************************* * * General tilemap rendering * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_draw(device_t *screen, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, int which, int map, int priority, int priority_mark) { running_machine &machine = screen->machine(); struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; /* text layer is a special common case */ if (map == SEGAIC16_TILEMAP_TEXT) tilemap_draw(bitmap, cliprect, info->textmap, priority, priority_mark); /* other layers are handled differently per-system */ else (*info->draw_layer)(machine, info, bitmap, cliprect, map, priority, priority_mark); } /************************************* * * General tilemap reset * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_reset(running_machine &machine, int which) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; if (info->reset) (*info->reset)(machine, info); } /************************************* * * General tilemap banking * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_set_bank(running_machine &machine, int which, int banknum, int offset) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; if (info->bank[banknum] != offset) { screen_device *screen = machine.primary_screen; screen->update_partial(screen->vpos()); info->bank[banknum] = offset; tilemap_mark_all_tiles_dirty_all(machine); } } /************************************* * * General tilemap screen flipping * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_set_flip(running_machine &machine, int which, int flip) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; int pagenum; flip = (flip != 0); if (info->flip != flip) { screen_device *screen = machine.primary_screen; screen->update_partial(screen->vpos()); info->flip = flip; tilemap_set_flip(info->textmap, flip ? (TILEMAP_FLIPX | TILEMAP_FLIPY) : 0); for (pagenum = 0; pagenum < info->numpages; pagenum++) tilemap_set_flip(info->tilemaps[pagenum], flip ? (TILEMAP_FLIPX | TILEMAP_FLIPY) : 0); } } /************************************* * * General tilemap row scroll enable * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_set_rowscroll(running_machine &machine, int which, int enable) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; enable = (enable != 0); if (info->rowscroll != enable) { screen_device *screen = machine.primary_screen; screen->update_partial(screen->vpos()); info->rowscroll = enable; } } /************************************* * * General tilemap column scroll enable * *************************************/ void segaic16_tilemap_set_colscroll(running_machine &machine, int which, int enable) { struct tilemap_info *info = &bg_tilemap[which]; enable = (enable != 0); if (info->colscroll != enable) { screen_device *screen = machine.primary_screen; screen->update_partial(screen->vpos()); info->colscroll = enable; } } /************************************* * * General tilemap write handlers * *************************************/ WRITE16_HANDLER( segaic16_tileram_0_w ) { COMBINE_DATA(&segaic16_tileram_0[offset]); tilemap_mark_tile_dirty(bg_tilemap[0].tilemaps[offset / (64*32)], offset % (64*32)); } WRITE16_HANDLER( segaic16_textram_0_w ) { /* certain ranges need immediate updates */ if (offset >= 0xe80/2) space->machine().primary_screen->update_partial(space->machine().primary_screen->vpos()); COMBINE_DATA(&segaic16_textram_0[offset]); tilemap_mark_tile_dirty(bg_tilemap[0].textmap, offset); } /******************************************************************************************* * * Hang On/Space Harrier-style road chip * * Road RAM: * Offset Bits Usage * 000-1FF ----pp-- -------- road priority versus tilemaps and sprites * ------s- -------- (Hang On only) Stripe coloring enable (1=enable) * ------s- -------- (Space Harrier only) Solid color fill (1=solid, 0=from ROM) * -------m -------- mirror enable (1=enable) * -------- iiiiiiii index for other tables * -------- rrrrrrrr road ROM line select * 200-3FF ----hhhh hhhhhhhh horizontal scroll * 400-5FF --bbbbbb -------- background color (colorset 0) * -------- --bbbbbb background color (colorset 1) * 600-7FF -------- s------- stripe color index (colorset 1) * -------- -s------ stripe color index (colorset 0) * -------- --a----- pixel value 2 color index (colorset 1) * -------- ---a---- pixel value 2 color index (colorset 0) * -------- ----b--- pixel value 1 color index (colorset 1) * -------- -----b-- pixel value 1 color index (colorset 0) * -------- ------c- pixel value 0 color index (colorset 1) * -------- -------c pixel value 0 color index (colorset 0) * * Logic: * First, the scanline is used to index into the table at 000-1FF * * The index is taken from the low 8 bits of the table value from 000-1FF * * The horizontal scroll value is looked up using the index in the table at * 200-3FF * * The background color information is looked up using the index in the table at 400-5FF. * * The pixel color information is looked up using the index in the table at 600-7FF. * *******************************************************************************************/ static void segaic16_road_hangon_decode(running_machine &machine, struct road_info *info) { int x, y; const UINT8 *gfx = machine.region("gfx3")->base(); int len = machine.region("gfx3")->bytes(); /* allocate memory for the unpacked road data */ info->gfx = auto_alloc_array(machine, UINT8, 256 * 512); /* loop over rows */ for (y = 0; y < 256; y++) { const UINT8 *src = gfx + ((y & 0xff) * 0x40) % len; UINT8 *dst = info->gfx + y * 512; /* loop over columns */ for (x = 0; x < 512; x++) dst[x] = (((src[x/8] >> (~x & 7)) & 1) << 0) | (((src[x/8 + 0x4000] >> (~x & 7)) & 1) << 1); } } static void segaic16_road_hangon_draw(struct road_info *info, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, int priority) { UINT16 *roadram = info->roadram; int x, y; /* loop over scanlines */ for (y = cliprect->min_y; y <= cliprect->max_y; y++) { UINT16 *dest = BITMAP_ADDR16(bitmap, y, 0); int control = roadram[0x000 + y]; int hpos = roadram[0x100 + (control & 0xff)]; int color0 = roadram[0x200 + (control & 0xff)]; int color1 = roadram[0x300 + (control & 0xff)]; int ff9j1, ff9j2, ctr9m, ctr9n9p, ctr9n9p_ena, ss8j, plycont; UINT8 *src; /* the PLYCONT signal controls the road layering */ plycont = (control >> 10) & 3; /* skip layers we aren't supposed to be drawing */ if ((plycont == 0 && priority != SEGAIC16_ROAD_BACKGROUND) || (plycont != 0 && priority != SEGAIC16_ROAD_FOREGROUND)) continue; /* compute the offset of the road graphics for this line */ src = info->gfx + (0x000 + (control & 0xff)) * 512; /* initialize the 4-bit counter at 9M, which counts bits within each road byte */ ctr9m = hpos & 7; /* initialize the two 4-bit counters at 9P (low) and 9N (high), which count road data bytes */ ctr9n9p = (hpos >> 3) & 0xff; /* initialize the flip-flop at 9J (lower half), which controls the counting direction */ ff9j1 = (hpos >> 11) & 1; /* initialize the flip-flop at 9J (upper half), which controls the background color */ ff9j2 = 1; /* initialize the serial shifter at 8S, which delays several signals after we flip */ ss8j = 0; /* draw this scanline from the beginning */ for (x = -24; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) { int md, color, select; /* ---- the following logic all happens constantly ---- */ /* the enable is controlled by the value in the counter at 9M */ ctr9n9p_ena = (ctr9m == 7); /* if we carried out of the 9P/9N counters, we will forcibly clear the flip-flop at 9J (lower half) */ if ((ctr9n9p & 0xff) == 0xff) ff9j1 = 0; /* if the control word bit 8 is clear, we will forcibly set the flip-flop at 9J (lower half) */ if (!(control & 0x100)) ff9j1 = 1; /* for the Hang On/Super Hang On case only: if the control word bit 9 is clear, we will forcibly */ /* set the flip-flip at 9J (upper half) */ if (info->type == SEGAIC16_ROAD_HANGON && !(control & 0x200)) ff9j2 = 1; /* ---- now process the pixel ---- */ md = 3; /* the Space Harrier/Enduro Racer hardware has a tweak that maps the control word bit 9 to the */ /* /CE line on the road ROM; use this to effectively disable the road data */ if (info->type != SEGAIC16_ROAD_SHARRIER || !(control & 0x200)) /* the /OE line on the road ROM is linked to the AND of bits 2 & 3 of the counter at 9N */ if ((ctr9n9p & 0xc0) == 0xc0) { /* note that the pixel logic is hidden in a custom at 9S; this is just a guess */ if (ss8j & 1) md = src[((ctr9n9p & 0x3f) << 3) | ctr9m]; else md = src[((ctr9n9p & 0x3f) << 3) | (ctr9m ^ 7)]; } /* "select" is a made-up signal that comes from bit 3 of the serial shifter and is */ /* used in several places for color selection */ select = (ss8j >> 3) & 1; /* check the flip-flop at 9J (upper half) to determine if we should use the background color; */ /* the output of this is ANDed with M0 and M1 so it only affects pixels with a value of 3; */ /* this is done by the AND gates at 9L and 7K */ if (ff9j2 && md == 3) { /* in this case, the "select" signal is used to select which background color to use */ /* since the color0 control word contains two selections */ color = (color0 >> (select ? 0 : 8)) & 0x3f; color |= info->colorbase2; } /* if we're not using the background color, we select pixel data from an alternate path */ else { /* the AND gates at 7L, 9K, and 7K clamp the pixel value to 0 if bit 7 of the color 1 */ /* signal is 1 and if the pixel value is 3 (both M0 and M1 == 1) */ if ((color1 & 0x80) && md == 3) md = 0; /* the pixel value plus the "select" line combine to form a mux into the low 8 bits of color1 */ color = (color1 >> ((md << 1) | select)) & 1; /* this value becomes the low bit of the final color; the "select" line itself and the pixel */ /* value form the other bits */ color |= select << 3; color |= md << 1; color |= info->colorbase1; } /* write the pixel if we're past the minimum clip */ if (x >= cliprect->min_x) dest[x] = color; /* ---- the following logic all happens on the 6M clock ---- */ /* clock the counter at 9M */ ctr9m = (ctr9m + 1) & 7; /* if enabled, clock on the two cascaded 4-bit counters at 9P and 9N */ if (ctr9n9p_ena) { if (ff9j1) ctr9n9p++; else ctr9n9p--; } /* clock the flip-flop at 9J (upper half) */ ff9j2 = !(!ff9j1 && (ss8j & 0x80)); /* clock the serial shift register at 8J */ ss8j = (ss8j << 1) | ff9j1; } } } /******************************************************************************************* * * Out Run/X-Board-style road chip * * Road control register: * Bits Usage * -------- -----d-- (X-board only) Direct scanline mode (1) or indirect mode (0) * -------- ------pp Road enable/priorities: * 0 = road 0 only visible * 1 = both roads visible, road 0 has priority * 2 = both roads visible, road 1 has priority * 3 = road 1 only visible * * Road RAM: * Offset Bits Usage * 000-1FF ----s--- -------- Road 0: Solid fill (1) or ROM fill * -------- -ccccccc Road 0: Solid color (if solid fill) * -------i iiiiiiii Road 0: Index for other tables (if in indirect mode) * -------r rrrrrrr- Road 0: Road ROM line select * 200-3FF ----s--- -------- Road 1: Solid fill (1) or ROM fill * -------- -ccccccc Road 1: Solid color (if solid fill) * -------i iiiiiiii Road 1: Index for other tables (if in indirect mode) * -------r rrrrrrr- Road 1: Road ROM line select * 400-7FF ----hhhh hhhhhhhh Road 0: horizontal scroll * 800-BFF ----hhhh hhhhhhhh Road 1: horizontal scroll * C00-FFF ----bbbb -------- Background color index * -------- s------- Road 1: stripe color index * -------- -a------ Road 1: pixel value 2 color index * -------- --b----- Road 1: pixel value 1 color index * -------- ---c---- Road 1: pixel value 0 color index * -------- ----s--- Road 0: stripe color index * -------- -----a-- Road 0: pixel value 2 color index * -------- ------b- Road 0: pixel value 1 color index * -------- -------c Road 0: pixel value 0 color index * * Logic: * First, the scanline is used to index into the tables at 000-1FF/200-3FF * - if solid fill, the background is filled with the specified color index * - otherwise, the remaining tables are used * * If indirect mode is selected, the index is taken from the low 9 bits of the * table value from 000-1FF/200-3FF * If direct scanline mode is selected, the index is set equal to the scanline * for road 0, or the scanline + 256 for road 1 * * The horizontal scroll value is looked up using the index in the tables at * 400-7FF/800-BFF * * The color information is looked up using the index in the table at C00-FFF. Note * that the same table is used for both roads. * * * Out Run road priorities are controlled by a PAL that maps as indicated below. * This was used to generate the priority_map. It is assumed that X-board is the * same, though this logic is locked inside a Sega custom. * * RRC0 = CENTA & (RDA == 3) & !RRC2 * | CENTB & (RDB == 3) & RRC2 * | (RDA == 1) & !RRC2 * | (RDB == 1) & RRC2 * * RRC1 = CENTA & (RDA == 3) & !RRC2 * | CENTB & (RDB == 3) & RRC2 * | (RDA == 2) & !RRC2 * | (RDB == 2) & RRC2 * * RRC2 = !/HSYNC & IIQ * | (CTRL == 3) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & !CENTB & (RDB == 3) & (CTRL == 2) * | CENTB & (RDB == 3) & (CTRL == 2) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & !M2 & (CTRL == 2) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & !M3 & (CTRL == 2) * | !M0 & (RDB == 0) & (CTRL == 2) * | !M1 & (RDB == 0) & (CTRL == 2) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & CENTB & (RDB == 3) & (CTRL == 1) * | !M0 & CENTB & (RDB == 3) & (CTRL == 1) * | !M1 & CENTB & (RDB == 3) & (CTRL == 1) * | !CENTA & M0 & (RDB == 0) & (CTRL == 1) * | !CENTA & M1 & (RDB == 0) & (CTRL == 1) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & (RDB == 1) & (CTRL == 1) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & (RDB == 2) & (CTRL == 1) * * RRC3 = VA11 & VB11 * | VA11 & (CTRL == 0) * | (CTRL == 3) & VB11 * * RRC4 = !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & !CENTB & (RDB == 3) * | VA11 & VB11 * | VA11 & (CTRL == 0) * | (CTRL == 3) & VB11 * | !CENTB & (RDB == 3) & (CTRL == 3) * | !CENTA & (RDA == 3) & (CTRL == 0) * *******************************************************************************************/ static void segaic16_road_outrun_decode(running_machine &machine, struct road_info *info) { int x, y; const UINT8 *gfx = machine.region("gfx3")->base(); int len = machine.region("gfx3")->bytes(); /* allocate memory for the unpacked road data */ info->gfx = auto_alloc_array(machine, UINT8, (256 * 2 + 1) * 512); /* loop over rows */ for (y = 0; y < 256 * 2; y++) { const UINT8 *src = gfx + ((y & 0xff) * 0x40 + (y >> 8) * 0x8000) % len; UINT8 *dst = info->gfx + y * 512; /* loop over columns */ for (x = 0; x < 512; x++) { dst[x] = (((src[x/8] >> (~x & 7)) & 1) << 0) | (((src[x/8 + 0x4000] >> (~x & 7)) & 1) << 1); /* pre-mark road data in the "stripe" area with a high bit */ if (x >= 256-8 && x < 256 && dst[x] == 3) dst[x] |= 4; } } /* set up a dummy road in the last entry */ memset(info->gfx + 256 * 2 * 512, 3, 512); } static void segaic16_road_outrun_draw(struct road_info *info, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, int priority) { UINT16 *roadram = info->buffer; int x, y; /* loop over scanlines */ for (y = cliprect->min_y; y <= cliprect->max_y; y++) { static const UINT8 priority_map[2][8] = { { 0x80,0x81,0x81,0x87,0,0,0,0x00 }, { 0x81,0x81,0x81,0x8f,0,0,0,0x80 } // // Original guesses from X-board priorities: // { 0x80,0x81,0x81,0x83,0,0,0,0x00 }, // { 0x81,0x87,0x87,0x8f,0,0,0,0x00 } }; UINT16 *dest = BITMAP_ADDR16(bitmap, y, 0); int data0 = roadram[0x000 + y]; int data1 = roadram[0x100 + y]; /* background case: look for solid fill scanlines */ if (priority == SEGAIC16_ROAD_BACKGROUND) { int color = -1; /* based on the info->control, we can figure out which sky to draw */ switch (info->control & 3) { case 0: if (data0 & 0x800) color = data0 & 0x7f; break; case 1: if (data0 & 0x800) color = data0 & 0x7f; else if (data1 & 0x800) color = data1 & 0x7f; break; case 2: if (data1 & 0x800) color = data1 & 0x7f; else if (data0 & 0x800) color = data0 & 0x7f; break; case 3: if (data1 & 0x800) color = data1 & 0x7f; break; } /* fill the scanline with color */ if (color != -1) { color |= info->colorbase3; for (x = cliprect->min_x; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) dest[x] = color; } } /* foreground case: render from ROM */ else { int hpos0, hpos1, color0, color1; int control = info->control & 3; UINT16 color_table[32]; UINT8 *src0, *src1; UINT8 bgcolor; /* if both roads are low priority, skip */ if ((data0 & 0x800) && (data1 & 0x800)) continue; /* get road 0 data */ src0 = (data0 & 0x800) ? info->gfx + 256 * 2 * 512 : (info->gfx + (0x000 + ((data0 >> 1) & 0xff)) * 512); hpos0 = (roadram[0x200 + ((info->control & 4) ? y : (data0 & 0x1ff))]) & 0xfff; color0 = roadram[0x600 + ((info->control & 4) ? y : (data0 & 0x1ff))]; /* get road 1 data */ src1 = (data1 & 0x800) ? info->gfx + 256 * 2 * 512 : (info->gfx + (0x100 + ((data1 >> 1) & 0xff)) * 512); hpos1 = (roadram[0x400 + ((info->control & 4) ? (0x100 + y) : (data1 & 0x1ff))]) & 0xfff; color1 = roadram[0x600 + ((info->control & 4) ? (0x100 + y) : (data1 & 0x1ff))]; /* determine the 5 colors for road 0 */ color_table[0x00] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x00 ^ ((color0 >> 0) & 1); color_table[0x01] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x02 ^ ((color0 >> 1) & 1); color_table[0x02] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x04 ^ ((color0 >> 2) & 1); bgcolor = (color0 >> 8) & 0xf; color_table[0x03] = (data0 & 0x200) ? color_table[0x00] : (info->colorbase2 ^ 0x00 ^ bgcolor); color_table[0x07] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x06 ^ ((color0 >> 3) & 1); /* determine the 5 colors for road 1 */ color_table[0x10] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x08 ^ ((color1 >> 4) & 1); color_table[0x11] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x0a ^ ((color1 >> 5) & 1); color_table[0x12] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x0c ^ ((color1 >> 6) & 1); bgcolor = (color1 >> 8) & 0xf; color_table[0x13] = (data1 & 0x200) ? color_table[0x10] : (info->colorbase2 ^ 0x10 ^ bgcolor); color_table[0x17] = info->colorbase1 ^ 0x0e ^ ((color1 >> 7) & 1); /* draw the road */ switch (control) { case 0: if (data0 & 0x800) continue; hpos0 = (hpos0 - (0x5f8 + info->xoffs)) & 0xfff; for (x = cliprect->min_x; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) { int pix0 = (hpos0 < 0x200) ? src0[hpos0] : 3; dest[x] = color_table[0x00 + pix0]; hpos0 = (hpos0 + 1) & 0xfff; } break; case 1: hpos0 = (hpos0 - (0x5f8 + info->xoffs)) & 0xfff; hpos1 = (hpos1 - (0x5f8 + info->xoffs)) & 0xfff; for (x = cliprect->min_x; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) { int pix0 = (hpos0 < 0x200) ? src0[hpos0] : 3; int pix1 = (hpos1 < 0x200) ? src1[hpos1] : 3; if ((priority_map[0][pix0] >> pix1) & 1) dest[x] = color_table[0x10 + pix1]; else dest[x] = color_table[0x00 + pix0]; hpos0 = (hpos0 + 1) & 0xfff; hpos1 = (hpos1 + 1) & 0xfff; } break; case 2: hpos0 = (hpos0 - (0x5f8 + info->xoffs)) & 0xfff; hpos1 = (hpos1 - (0x5f8 + info->xoffs)) & 0xfff; for (x = cliprect->min_x; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) { int pix0 = (hpos0 < 0x200) ? src0[hpos0] : 3; int pix1 = (hpos1 < 0x200) ? src1[hpos1] : 3; if ((priority_map[1][pix0] >> pix1) & 1) dest[x] = color_table[0x10 + pix1]; else dest[x] = color_table[0x00 + pix0]; hpos0 = (hpos0 + 1) & 0xfff; hpos1 = (hpos1 + 1) & 0xfff; } break; case 3: if (data1 & 0x800) continue; hpos1 = (hpos1 - (0x5f8 + info->xoffs)) & 0xfff; for (x = cliprect->min_x; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) { int pix1 = (hpos1 < 0x200) ? src1[hpos1] : 3; dest[x] = color_table[0x10 + pix1]; hpos1 = (hpos1 + 1) & 0xfff; } break; } } } } /************************************* * * General road initialization * *************************************/ void segaic16_road_init(running_machine &machine, int which, int type, int colorbase1, int colorbase2, int colorbase3, int xoffs) { struct road_info *info = &segaic16_road[which]; /* reset the tilemap info */ memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info)); info->index = which; info->type = type; info->colorbase1 = colorbase1; info->colorbase2 = colorbase2; info->colorbase3 = colorbase3; info->xoffs = xoffs; /* set up based on which road generator */ switch (which) { case 0: info->roadram = segaic16_roadram_0; break; default: fatalerror("Invalid road index specified in segaic16_road_init"); } /* determine the parameters of the road */ switch (type) { case SEGAIC16_ROAD_HANGON: case SEGAIC16_ROAD_SHARRIER: info->draw = segaic16_road_hangon_draw; segaic16_road_hangon_decode(machine, info); break; case SEGAIC16_ROAD_OUTRUN: case SEGAIC16_ROAD_XBOARD: info->buffer = auto_alloc_array(machine, UINT16, 0x1000/2); info->draw = segaic16_road_outrun_draw; segaic16_road_outrun_decode(machine, info); break; default: fatalerror("Invalid road system specified in segaic16_road_init"); } } /************************************* * * General road drawing * *************************************/ void segaic16_road_draw(int which, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, int priority) { struct road_info *info = &segaic16_road[which]; (*info->draw)(info, bitmap, cliprect, priority); } /************************************* * * General road control read/write * *************************************/ READ16_HANDLER( segaic16_road_control_0_r ) { struct road_info *info = &segaic16_road[0]; if (info->buffer) { UINT32 *src = (UINT32 *)info->roadram; UINT32 *dst = (UINT32 *)info->buffer; int i; /* swap the halves of the road RAM */ for (i = 0; i < 0x1000/4; i++) { UINT32 temp = *src; *src++ = *dst; *dst++ = temp; } } return 0xffff; } WRITE16_HANDLER( segaic16_road_control_0_w ) { struct road_info *info = &segaic16_road[0]; if (ACCESSING_BITS_0_7) { info->control = data & ((info->type == SEGAIC16_ROAD_OUTRUN) ? 3 : 7); } } /************************************* * * General rotation initialization * *************************************/ void segaic16_rotate_init(running_machine &machine, int which, int type, int colorbase) { struct rotate_info *info = &segaic16_rotate[which]; /* reset the tilemap info */ memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info)); info->index = which; info->type = type; info->colorbase = colorbase; /* set up based on which road generator */ switch (which) { case 0: info->rotateram = segaic16_rotateram_0; break; default: fatalerror("Invalid rotate index specified in segaic16_rotate_init"); } /* determine the parameters of the rotate */ switch (type) { case SEGAIC16_ROTATE_YBOARD: info->ramsize = 0x800; break; default: fatalerror("Invalid rotate system specified in segaic16_rotate_init"); } /* allocate a buffer for swapping */ info->buffer = auto_alloc_array(machine, UINT16, info->ramsize/2); state_save_register_item(machine, "segaic16_rot", NULL, which, info->colorbase); state_save_register_item_pointer(machine, "segaic16_rot", NULL, which, ((UINT8 *) info->buffer), info->ramsize); } /************************************* * * General rotation drawing * *************************************/ void segaic16_rotate_draw(running_machine &machine, int which, bitmap_t *bitmap, const rectangle *cliprect, bitmap_t *srcbitmap) { struct rotate_info *info = &segaic16_rotate[which]; INT32 currx = (info->buffer[0x3f0] << 16) | info->buffer[0x3f1]; INT32 curry = (info->buffer[0x3f2] << 16) | info->buffer[0x3f3]; INT32 dyy = (info->buffer[0x3f4] << 16) | info->buffer[0x3f5]; INT32 dxx = (info->buffer[0x3f6] << 16) | info->buffer[0x3f7]; INT32 dxy = (info->buffer[0x3f8] << 16) | info->buffer[0x3f9]; INT32 dyx = (info->buffer[0x3fa] << 16) | info->buffer[0x3fb]; int x, y; /* advance forward based on the clip rect */ currx += dxx * (cliprect->min_x + 27) + dxy * cliprect->min_y; curry += dyx * (cliprect->min_x + 27) + dyy * cliprect->min_y; /* loop over screen Y coordinates */ for (y = cliprect->min_y; y <= cliprect->max_y; y++) { UINT16 *dest = BITMAP_ADDR16(bitmap, y, 0); UINT16 *src = (UINT16 *)srcbitmap->base; UINT8 *pri = BITMAP_ADDR8(machine.priority_bitmap, y, 0); INT32 tx = currx; INT32 ty = curry; /* loop over screen X coordinates */ for (x = cliprect->min_x; x <= cliprect->max_x; x++) { /* fetch the pixel from the source bitmap */ int sx = (tx >> 14) & 0x1ff; int sy = (ty >> 14) & 0x1ff; int pix = src[sy * srcbitmap->rowpixels + sx]; /* non-zero pixels get written; everything else is the scanline color */ if (pix != 0xffff) { *dest++ = (pix & 0x1ff) | ((pix >> 6) & 0x200) | ((pix >> 3) & 0xc00) | 0x1000; *pri++ = (pix >> 8) | 1; } else { *dest++ = info->colorbase + sy; *pri++ = 0xff; } /* advance the source X/Y pointers */ tx += dxx; ty += dyx; } /* advance the source X/Y pointers */ currx += dxy; curry += dyy; } } /************************************* * * General road control read/write * *************************************/ READ16_HANDLER( segaic16_rotate_control_0_r ) { struct rotate_info *info = &segaic16_rotate[0]; if (info->buffer) { UINT32 *src = (UINT32 *)info->rotateram; UINT32 *dst = (UINT32 *)info->buffer; int i; /* swap the halves of the rotation RAM */ for (i = 0; i < info->ramsize/4; i++) { UINT32 temp = *src; *src++ = *dst; *dst++ = temp; } } return 0xffff; } DEFINE_LEGACY_DEVICE(SEGA16SP, sega16sp);