// license:BSD-3-Clause // copyright-holders:Wilbert Pol,Gabriele D'Antona /* Research Machines 380Z (aka "RML 380Z" or "RM 380Z") Microcomputer produced by Research Machines Limited, Oxford, UK 1978-1985 MESS driver by Wilbert Pol and friol (dantonag (at) gmail.com) Driver started on 22/12/2011 Stefano Bodrato, 09/12/2016 - skeleton for cassette support True tape samples are needed to continue ! === From the Firmware Manual: List of known firmware revisions by sign-on message: *** RM380Z *** COS 3.0/C COS 3.0/F COS 3.0/M COS 3.4C/C COS 3.4C/F COS 3.4C/M COS 3.4D/C COS 3.4D/M COS 3.4E/F COS 4.0/F COS 4.0A/F COS 4.0A/M COS 4.0B/M COS 4.2 A /C = Cassette /F = 8 inch single density floppy /M = 5.25 inch single density floppy Ver 4.2 can have either floppy type *** RM480Z *** RML 40-Character LINK 480Z V1.0 RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.0 RML 40-Character LINK 480Z V1.1 A RML 40-Character LINK 480Z V1.1 B RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.1 A RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.1 B RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.2 A RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.2 B RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.2 C RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V1.2 D RML 80-Character LINK 480Z V2.2 B V1.0 refers to ROS 1.0 V1.1 refers to ROS 1.1 V1.2 refers to ROS 1.2 V2.2 refers to ROS 2.2 Monitor commands: B - Boot CP/M (COS /F, COS /M, ROS 1.2, ROS 2.2) X - Boot CP/M from another drive (as above) N - Boot network (ROS) T - Enter terminal mode (ROS) L - Load program from cassette (COS /C, ROS) D - Dump memory to cassette (as above) C - Continue program at restart address (as above) J - Go to address O - Select printer option (and cassette speed for COS /C, ROS) M - Enable HRG board as memory (COS 3.4, COS 4.0) W - Select 40 or 80 characters per line (All 80-column machines) R - Start ROM BASIC (ROS 1.1, ROS 1.2, ROS 2.2) Ctrl+Shift+8 - Break and return to current OS (ROS) Ctrl+Shift+9 - Break and return to front panel (ROS) Ctrl+F - Enter Front Panel (=the debugger) Ctrl+T - Enter Typewriter mode Ctrl+S - Autopaging on Ctrl+Q - Autopaging off Ctrl+A - Toggle autopaging Graphics characters: These are low-res (2x3 TRS80-style) from 80-BF, repeated at C0-FF. 80-BF will be low-intensity, except for a RM480Z if using a colour monitor. The characters 00-1F have one set for COS 3.4 and COS 4.0, and a different set for the others. COS 4.0 and 4.2 allow one to redefine the 80-FF character range, and to have attributes. ROS 2.2 allows an alternate character set. Sound: RM380Z has a connector for a speaker RM480Z has the speaker fitted === Memory map from sevice manual: PAGE SEL bit in PORT0 set to 0: 0000-3BFF - CPU RAM row 1 (15KB!) 3C00-7BFF - CPU RAM row 2 (16KB) 7C00-BBFF - Add-on RAM row 1 or HRG RAM (16KB) BC00-DFFF - Add-on RAM row 2 (9KB!) E000-EFFF - ROM (COS) F000-F5FF - VDU and HRG Video RAM F600-F9FF - ROM (monitor extension) FA00-FAFF - Reserved, RAM? FB00-FBFF - Memory-mapped ports (FBFC-FBFF) FC00-FFFF - RAM PAGE SEL bit in PORT0 set to 1: 0000-0FFF - ROM (COS mirror from E000) 1B00-1BFF - Memory-mapped ports (1BFC-1BFF) 1C00-1DFF - ROM 4000-7FFF - CPU RAM row 1 (16KB!, this RAM normally appears at 0000) 8000-BFFF - ??? C000-DFFF - ??? E000-EFFF - ROM (COS) F000-F5FF - VDU and HRG Video RAM F600-F9FF - ROM (monitor extension) FA00-FAFF - Reserved, RAM? FB00-FBFF - Memory-mapped ports (FBFC-FBFF) FC00-FFFF - RAM Video resolution (not confirmed): 80x24 - 6 pixels wide (5 + spacing), 10 pixels high (9 + spacing) = 480x240 Video input clock is 16MHz According to the manuals, VDU-1 chargen is Texas 74LS262. === Notes on COS 4.0 disassembly: - routine at 0xe438 is called at startup in COS 4.0 and it sets the RST vectors in RAM - routine at 0xe487 finds "top" of system RAM and stores it in 0x0006 and 0x000E - 0xeca0 - outputs a string (null terminated) to screen (?) - 0xff18 - does char output to screen (char in A?) === TODO: - Properly implement "backwards" or "last 4 lines" scrolling - Properly implement dimming and graphic chars (>0x80) - Understand why any write to disk command fails with "bad sector" - Understand why ctrl-U (blinking cursor) in COS 4.0 stops keyboard input from working - Get a reliable ROM dump and charset ROM dump Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_param Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_enabled Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_period.attoseconds Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_period.seconds Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_start.attoseconds Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_start.seconds Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_expire.attoseconds Attempt to register save state entry after state registration is closed! Module timer tag static_vblank_timer name m_expire.seconds ':maincpu' (E48B): unmapped program memory write to E000 = C1 & FF ':maincpu' (E48E): unmapped program memory write to E000 = 3E & FF */ #include "emu.h" #include "includes/rm380z.h" #include "screen.h" void rm380z_state::rm380z_mem(address_map &map) { map(0xe000, 0xefff).rom().region(RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0); map(0xf000, 0xf5ff).rw(this, FUNC(rm380z_state::videoram_read), FUNC(rm380z_state::videoram_write)); map(0xf600, 0xf9ff).rom().region(RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0x1000); /* Extra ROM space for COS4.0 */ map(0xfa00, 0xfaff).ram(); map(0xfb00, 0xfbff).rw(this, FUNC(rm380z_state::port_read), FUNC(rm380z_state::port_write)); map(0xfc00, 0xffff).rw(this, FUNC(rm380z_state::hiram_read), FUNC(rm380z_state::hiram_write)); } void rm380z_state::rm380z_io(address_map &map) { map.global_mask(0xff); map(0x00, 0xbf).rw(this, FUNC(rm380z_state::rm380z_portlow_r), FUNC(rm380z_state::rm380z_portlow_w)); map(0xc0, 0xc3).rw(m_fdc, FUNC(fd1771_device::read), FUNC(fd1771_device::write)); map(0xc4, 0xc4).w(this, FUNC(rm380z_state::disk_0_control)); map(0xc5, 0xff).rw(this, FUNC(rm380z_state::rm380z_porthi_r), FUNC(rm380z_state::rm380z_porthi_w)); } void rm380z_state::rm480z_mem(address_map &map) { map(0x0000, 0xe7ff).ram(); map(0xe800, 0xf7ff).rom().region(RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0); map(0xf800, 0xffff).ram(); } void rm380z_state::rm480z_io(address_map &map) { //AM_RANGE(0x00, 0x17) AM_RAM // videoram //AM_RANGE(0x18, 0x18) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // control port 0 //AM_RANGE(0x19, 0x19) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // control port 1 //AM_RANGE(0x1a, 0x1a) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // control port 2 //AM_RANGE(0x1b, 0x1b) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // control port 3 (DAC) // option //AM_RANGE(0x1d, 0x1d) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // control port 5 (USERIO) // option //AM_RANGE(0x20, 0x23) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // system CTC - 0=SIO4&cassin, 1=SIO2&cassio, 2=keybd int, 3=50hz int for repeat key //AM_RANGE(0x24, 0x27) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // system SIO - 0=chA network data, 1=chB SIO4 data, 2=ChA control, 3=ChB control //AM_RANGE(0x28, 0x29) AM_MIRROR(0xff02) // am9511/am9512 maths chip // option //AM_RANGE(0x2c, 0x2f) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // z80ctc IEEE int, Maths int, RTC, RTC // option //AM_RANGE(0x30, 0x37) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // IEEE chip // option //AM_RANGE(0x38, 0x3b) AM_MIRROR(0xff00) // Hi-res graphics option } INPUT_PORTS_START( rm380z ) // PORT_START("additional_chars") // PORT_BIT(0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD) PORT_NAME("Escape") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ESC) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ESC) INPUT_PORTS_END // // // static void rm380z_floppies(device_slot_interface &device) { device.option_add("sssd", FLOPPY_525_SSSD); } uint32_t rm380z_state::screen_update_rm380z(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect) { update_screen(bitmap); return 0; } MACHINE_CONFIG_START(rm380z_state::rm380z) /* basic machine hardware */ MCFG_CPU_ADD(RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, Z80, XTAL(16'000'000) / 4) MCFG_CPU_PROGRAM_MAP(rm380z_mem) MCFG_CPU_IO_MAP(rm380z_io) /* video hardware */ MCFG_SCREEN_ADD("screen", RASTER) MCFG_SCREEN_REFRESH_RATE(50) MCFG_SCREEN_VBLANK_TIME(ATTOSECONDS_IN_USEC(0)) // according to videos and pictures of the real hardware, chars are spaced of at least 1 pixel // and there is at least 1 pixel between each row of characters MCFG_SCREEN_SIZE((RM380Z_SCREENCOLS*(RM380Z_CHDIMX+1)), (RM380Z_SCREENROWS*(RM380Z_CHDIMY+1))) MCFG_SCREEN_VISIBLE_AREA(0, (RM380Z_SCREENCOLS*(RM380Z_CHDIMX+1))-1, 0, (RM380Z_SCREENROWS*(RM380Z_CHDIMY+1))-1) MCFG_SCREEN_UPDATE_DRIVER(rm380z_state, screen_update_rm380z) MCFG_SCREEN_PALETTE("palette") MCFG_PALETTE_ADD_MONOCHROME("palette") /* cassette */ MCFG_CASSETTE_ADD( "cassette" ) // MCFG_CASSETTE_DEFAULT_STATE(CASSETTE_STOPPED | CASSETTE_MOTOR_ENABLED | CASSETTE_SPEAKER_MUTED) MCFG_CASSETTE_DEFAULT_STATE(CASSETTE_PLAY | CASSETTE_MOTOR_ENABLED) //m_cassette->change_state((BIT(data,x)) ? CASSETTE_MOTOR_DISABLED : CASSETTE_MOTOR_ENABLED, CASSETTE_MASK_MOTOR); /* RAM configurations */ MCFG_RAM_ADD(RAM_TAG) MCFG_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE("56K") /* floppy disk */ MCFG_FD1771_ADD("wd1771", XTAL(1'000'000)) MCFG_FLOPPY_DRIVE_ADD("wd1771:0", rm380z_floppies, "sssd", floppy_image_device::default_floppy_formats) MCFG_FLOPPY_DRIVE_ADD("wd1771:1", rm380z_floppies, "sssd", floppy_image_device::default_floppy_formats) /* keyboard */ MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("keyboard", GENERIC_KEYBOARD, 0) MCFG_GENERIC_KEYBOARD_CB(PUT(rm380z_state, keyboard_put)) MACHINE_CONFIG_END MACHINE_CONFIG_START(rm380z_state::rm480z) /* basic machine hardware */ MCFG_CPU_ADD(RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, Z80, XTAL(16'000'000) / 4) MCFG_CPU_PROGRAM_MAP(rm480z_mem) MCFG_CPU_IO_MAP(rm480z_io) MCFG_MACHINE_RESET_OVERRIDE(rm380z_state, rm480z) /* video hardware */ // MCFG_SCREEN_ADD("screen", RASTER) // MCFG_SCREEN_REFRESH_RATE(50) // MCFG_SCREEN_VBLANK_TIME(ATTOSECONDS_IN_USEC(0)) // MCFG_SCREEN_SIZE((RM380Z_SCREENCOLS*(RM380Z_CHDIMX+1)), (RM380Z_SCREENROWS*(RM380Z_CHDIMY+1))) // MCFG_SCREEN_VISIBLE_AREA(0, (RM380Z_SCREENCOLS*(RM380Z_CHDIMX+1))-1, 0, (RM380Z_SCREENROWS*(RM380Z_CHDIMY+1))-1) // MCFG_SCREEN_UPDATE_DRIVER(rm380z_state, screen_update_rm480z) // MCFG_SCREEN_PALETTE("palette") // MCFG_PALETTE_ADD_MONOCHROME("palette") /* keyboard */ // MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("keyboard", GENERIC_KEYBOARD, 0) // MCFG_GENERIC_KEYBOARD_CB(PUT(rm380z_state, keyboard_put)) MACHINE_CONFIG_END /* ROM definitions */ ROM_START( rm380z34d ) // COS 3.4D/F ROM_REGION( 0x10000, RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "cos34d-f.bin", 0x0000, 0x1000, CRC(eb128b40) SHA1(c46f358fb76459987e41750d052995563f2f7d53)) // chargen ROM is undumped, afaik ROM_REGION( 0x1680, "chargen", 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "ch3.raw", 0x0000, 0x1680, BAD_DUMP CRC(c223622b) SHA1(185ef24896419d7ff46f71a760ac217de3811684)) ROM_END ROM_START( rm380z34e ) // COS 3.4E/M ROM_REGION( 0x10000, RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "cos34e-m.bin", 0x0000, 0x1000, CRC(20e2ddf4) SHA1(3177b28793d5a348c94fd0ae6393d74e2e9a8662)) // chargen ROM is undumped, afaik ROM_REGION( 0x1680, "chargen", 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "ch3.raw", 0x0000, 0x1680, BAD_DUMP CRC(c223622b) SHA1(185ef24896419d7ff46f71a760ac217de3811684)) ROM_END ROM_START( rm380z ) // COS 4.0B/M ROM_REGION( 0x10000, RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0 ) // I'm not sure of how those roms have been dumped. I don't know if those are good dumps or not. ROM_LOAD( "cos40b-m.bin", 0x0000, 0x1000, BAD_DUMP CRC(1f0b3a5c) SHA1(0b29cb2a3b7eaa3770b34f08c4fd42844f42700f)) ROM_LOAD( "cos40b-m_f600-f9ff.bin", 0x1000, 0x400, BAD_DUMP CRC(e3397d9d) SHA1(490a0c834b0da392daf782edc7d51ca8f0668b1a)) ROM_LOAD( "cos40b-m_1c00-1dff.bin", 0x1400, 0x200, BAD_DUMP CRC(0f759f44) SHA1(9689c1c1faa62c56def999cbedbbb0c8d928dcff)) // chargen ROM is undumped, afaik ROM_REGION( 0x1680, "chargen", 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "ch3.raw", 0x0000, 0x1680, BAD_DUMP CRC(c223622b) SHA1(185ef24896419d7ff46f71a760ac217de3811684)) ROM_END // RM480Z is quite different, might be better off in its own driver ROM_START( rm480z ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "fv2.0_0_12099_19.2.86.ic83", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(a0f02d8a) SHA1(1c063b842699dc0ad85a5a5f337f2864497f9c0f) ) ROM_LOAD( "fv2.0_1_12100_27.2.86.ic93", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(2a93ca6e) SHA1(7fdd772d4251dbf951a687d184ed787cfe21212b) ) ROM_REGION( 0x2000, "chargen", 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "cg06_12098_28.2.86.ic98", 0x0000, 0x2000, CRC(15d40f7e) SHA1(a7266357eb9be849f77a97ff3013b236c0af8289) ) ROM_END ROM_START( rm480za ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, RM380Z_MAINCPU_TAG, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "ros_1.2b.ls", 0x0000, 0x2000, CRC(37e93287) SHA1(c96d4b7eedadb0fb8e3732b6ba3e898e123c393f) ) ROM_LOAD( "bir_5.4b_0.lt", 0x2000, 0x4000, CRC(64759792) SHA1(ffce5e59788cd492937e85b368b71e8a5a2aaa9c) ) ROM_LOAD( "bir_5.4b_1.lu", 0x6000, 0x4000, CRC(adce35df) SHA1(dc20df0fcfefc5e2682b47e7ce454043dc593cd8) ) ROM_LOAD( "bir_5.4b_2.lv", 0xa000, 0x4000, CRC(5a455fc8) SHA1(04c5f17120ee085c013e600b77ca63cbb138aa4d) ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, "user1", 0 ) // bioses for fdc board versions ROM_LOAD( "idc3-1i.rom", 0x0000, 0x2000, CRC(39e2cdf0) SHA1(ba523af357b61bbe6192727139850f36597d79f1) ) ROM_LOAD( "idc5-1j.rom", 0x2000, 0x2000, CRC(d2ac27e2) SHA1(12d3966e0096c9bfb98135e15c3ddb37920cce15) ) ROM_REGION( 0x2000, "chargen", 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "cg06.lq", 0x0000, 0x2000, BAD_DUMP CRC(15d40f7e) SHA1(a7266357eb9be849f77a97ff3013b236c0af8289) ) // chip is marked CG05, might not be the same, so marked as bad ROM_END /* Driver */ // YEAR NAME PARENT COMPAT MACHINE INPUT CLASS INIT COMPANY FULLNAME FLAGS COMP(1978, rm380z, 0, 0, rm380z, rm380z, rm380z_state, rm380z, "Research Machines", "RM-380Z, COS 4.0B", MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW) COMP(1978, rm380z34d, rm380z, 0, rm380z, rm380z, rm380z_state, rm380z34d, "Research Machines", "RM-380Z, COS 3.4D", MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW) COMP(1978, rm380z34e, rm380z, 0, rm380z, rm380z, rm380z_state, rm380z34e, "Research Machines", "RM-380Z, COS 3.4E", MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW) COMP(1981, rm480z, rm380z, 0, rm480z, rm380z, rm380z_state, rm380z34e, "Research Machines", "LINK RM-480Z (set 1)", MACHINE_NOT_WORKING | MACHINE_NO_SOUND) COMP(1981, rm480za, rm380z, 0, rm480z, rm380z, rm380z_state, rm380z34e, "Research Machines", "LINK RM-480Z (set 2)", MACHINE_NOT_WORKING | MACHINE_NO_SOUND)