// license:BSD-3-Clause // copyright-holders:hap, Kevin Horton /*************************************************************************** Tiger Electronics K28: Talking Learning Computer (model 7-230/7-231) * PCB marked PB-123 WIZARD, TIGER * Intel P8021 MCU with 1KB internal ROM * MM5445N VFD driver, 9-digit alphanumeric display same as snmath * 2*TMS6100 (32KB VSM) * SC-01-A speech chip 3 models exist: - 7-230: darkblue case, toy-ish looks - 7-231: gray case, hardware is the same - 7-232: this one is completely different hw --> driver tispeak.cpp TODO: - external module support (no dumps yet) ***************************************************************************/ #include "emu.h" #include "cpu/mcs48/mcs48.h" #include "machine/timer.h" #include "machine/tms6100.h" #include "sound/votrax.h" #include "speaker.h" #include "k28.lh" class k28_state : public driver_device { public: k28_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) : driver_device(mconfig, type, tag), m_maincpu(*this, "maincpu"), m_tms6100(*this, "tms6100"), m_speech(*this, "speech"), m_onbutton_timer(*this, "on_button"), m_inp_matrix(*this, "IN.%u", 0), m_out_x(*this, "%u.%u", 0U, 0U), m_out_a(*this, "%u.a", 0U), m_out_digit(*this, "digit%u", 0U), m_display_wait(33), m_display_maxy(1), m_display_maxx(0) { } // devices required_device m_maincpu; required_device m_tms6100; required_device m_speech; required_device m_onbutton_timer; required_ioport_array<7> m_inp_matrix; output_finder<0x20, 0x20> m_out_x; output_finder<0x20> m_out_a; output_finder<0x20> m_out_digit; // display common int m_display_wait; // led/lamp off-delay in milliseconds (default 33ms) int m_display_maxy; // display matrix number of rows int m_display_maxx; // display matrix number of columns (max 31 for now) u32 m_display_state[0x20]; // display matrix rows data (last bit is used for always-on) u16 m_display_segmask[0x20]; // if not 0, display matrix row is a digit, mask indicates connected segments u8 m_display_decay[0x20][0x20]; // (internal use) TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(display_decay_tick); void display_update(); void set_display_size(int maxx, int maxy); void set_display_segmask(u32 digits, u32 mask); void display_matrix(int maxx, int maxy, u32 setx, u32 sety, bool update = true); bool m_power_on; u8 m_inp_mux; u8 m_phoneme; int m_speech_strobe; int m_vfd_data_enable; int m_vfd_data_in; int m_vfd_clock; u64 m_vfd_shiftreg; u64 m_vfd_shiftreg_out; int m_vfd_shiftcount; DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(mcu_p0_w); DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER(mcu_p1_r); DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER(mcu_p2_r); DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(mcu_p2_w); DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(mcu_prog_w); DECLARE_INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(power_on); void power_off(); void k28(machine_config &config); protected: virtual void machine_start() override; virtual void machine_reset() override; }; // machine start/reset/power void k28_state::machine_start() { // resolve handlers m_out_x.resolve(); m_out_a.resolve(); m_out_digit.resolve(); // zerofill memset(m_display_state, 0, sizeof(m_display_state)); memset(m_display_decay, 0, sizeof(m_display_decay)); memset(m_display_segmask, 0, sizeof(m_display_segmask)); m_power_on = false; m_inp_mux = 0; m_phoneme = 0x3f; m_speech_strobe = 0; m_vfd_data_enable = 0; m_vfd_data_in = 0; m_vfd_clock = 0; m_vfd_shiftreg = 0; m_vfd_shiftreg_out = 0; m_vfd_shiftcount = 0; // register for savestates save_item(NAME(m_display_maxy)); save_item(NAME(m_display_maxx)); save_item(NAME(m_display_wait)); save_item(NAME(m_display_state)); save_item(NAME(m_display_decay)); save_item(NAME(m_display_segmask)); save_item(NAME(m_power_on)); save_item(NAME(m_inp_mux)); save_item(NAME(m_phoneme)); save_item(NAME(m_speech_strobe)); save_item(NAME(m_vfd_data_enable)); save_item(NAME(m_vfd_data_in)); save_item(NAME(m_vfd_clock)); save_item(NAME(m_vfd_shiftreg)); save_item(NAME(m_vfd_shiftreg_out)); save_item(NAME(m_vfd_shiftcount)); } void k28_state::machine_reset() { m_power_on = true; m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_RESET, CLEAR_LINE); // the game relies on reading the on-button as pressed when it's turned on m_onbutton_timer->adjust(attotime::from_msec(250)); } INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(k28_state::power_on) { if (newval && !m_power_on) machine_reset(); } void k28_state::power_off() { m_power_on = false; m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_RESET, ASSERT_LINE); } /*************************************************************************** Helper Functions ***************************************************************************/ // The device may strobe the outputs very fast, it is unnoticeable to the user. // To prevent flickering here, we need to simulate a decay. void k28_state::display_update() { for (int y = 0; y < m_display_maxy; y++) { u32 active_state = 0; for (int x = 0; x <= m_display_maxx; x++) { // turn on powered segments if (m_power_on && m_display_state[y] >> x & 1) m_display_decay[y][x] = m_display_wait; // determine active state u32 ds = (m_display_decay[y][x] != 0) ? 1 : 0; active_state |= (ds << x); // output to y.x, or y.a when always-on if (x != m_display_maxx) m_out_x[y][x] = ds; else m_out_a[y] = ds; } // output to digity if (m_display_segmask[y] != 0) m_out_digit[y] = active_state & m_display_segmask[y]; } } TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(k28_state::display_decay_tick) { // slowly turn off unpowered segments for (int y = 0; y < m_display_maxy; y++) for (int x = 0; x <= m_display_maxx; x++) if (m_display_decay[y][x] != 0) m_display_decay[y][x]--; display_update(); } void k28_state::set_display_size(int maxx, int maxy) { m_display_maxx = maxx; m_display_maxy = maxy; } void k28_state::set_display_segmask(u32 digits, u32 mask) { // set a segment mask per selected digit, but leave unselected ones alone for (int i = 0; i < 0x20; i++) { if (digits & 1) m_display_segmask[i] = mask; digits >>= 1; } } void k28_state::display_matrix(int maxx, int maxy, u32 setx, u32 sety, bool update) { set_display_size(maxx, maxy); // update current state u32 mask = (1 << maxx) - 1; for (int y = 0; y < maxy; y++) m_display_state[y] = (sety >> y & 1) ? ((setx & mask) | (1 << maxx)) : 0; display_update(); } /*************************************************************************** I/O, Address Map(s) ***************************************************************************/ WRITE8_MEMBER(k28_state::mcu_p0_w) { // d0,d1: phoneme high bits // d0-d2: input mux high bits m_inp_mux = (m_inp_mux & 0xf) | (~data << 4 & 0x70); m_phoneme = (m_phoneme & 0xf) | (data << 4 & 0x30); // d3: SC-01 strobe, latch phoneme on rising edge int strobe = data >> 3 & 1; if (strobe && !m_speech_strobe) m_speech->write(space, 0, m_phoneme); m_speech_strobe = strobe; // d5: VFD driver data enable m_vfd_data_enable = ~data >> 5 & 1; if (m_vfd_data_enable) m_vfd_shiftreg = (m_vfd_shiftreg & ~u64(1)) | m_vfd_data_in; // d4: VSM chip enable // d6: VSM M0 // d7: VSM M1 m_tms6100->cs_w(~data >> 4 & 1); m_tms6100->m0_w(data >> 6 & 1); m_tms6100->m1_w(data >> 7 & 1); m_tms6100->clk_w(1); m_tms6100->clk_w(0); } READ8_MEMBER(k28_state::mcu_p1_r) { u8 data = 0; // multiplexed inputs (active low) for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) if (m_inp_mux >> i & 1) { data |= m_inp_matrix[i]->read(); // force press on-button at boot if (i == 5 && m_onbutton_timer->enabled()) data |= 1; } return data ^ 0xff; } READ8_MEMBER(k28_state::mcu_p2_r) { // d3: VSM data return (m_tms6100->data_line_r()) ? 8 : 0; } WRITE8_MEMBER(k28_state::mcu_p2_w) { // d0: VFD driver serial data m_vfd_data_in = data & 1; if (m_vfd_data_enable) m_vfd_shiftreg = (m_vfd_shiftreg & ~u64(1)) | m_vfd_data_in; // d0-d3: VSM data, input mux and SC-01 phoneme lower nibble m_tms6100->add_w(space, 0, data); m_inp_mux = (m_inp_mux & ~0xf) | (~data & 0xf); m_phoneme = (m_phoneme & ~0xf) | (data & 0xf); } WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(k28_state::mcu_prog_w) { // 8021 PROG: clock VFD driver bool rise = state == 1 && !m_vfd_clock; m_vfd_clock = state; // on rising edge if (rise) { // leading 1 triggers shift start if (m_vfd_shiftcount == 0 && ~m_vfd_shiftreg & 1) return; // output shiftreg on 35th clock if (m_vfd_shiftcount == 35) { m_vfd_shiftcount = 0; // output 0-15: digit segment data u16 seg_data = (u16)(m_vfd_shiftreg >> 19); seg_data = bitswap<16>(seg_data,0,1,13,9,10,12,14,8,3,4,5,2,15,11,6,7); // output 16-24: digit select u16 digit_sel = (u16)(m_vfd_shiftreg >> 10) & 0x1ff; set_display_segmask(0x1ff, 0x3fff); display_matrix(16, 9, seg_data, digit_sel); // output 25: power-off request on falling edge if (~m_vfd_shiftreg & m_vfd_shiftreg_out & 0x200) power_off(); m_vfd_shiftreg_out = m_vfd_shiftreg; } else { m_vfd_shiftreg <<= 1; m_vfd_shiftcount++; } } } /*************************************************************************** Inputs ***************************************************************************/ static INPUT_PORTS_START( k28 ) PORT_START("IN.0") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_OPENBRACE) PORT_NAME("Yes/True") PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_G) PORT_CHAR('G') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_Q) PORT_CHAR('Q') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_QUOTE) PORT_CHAR('\'') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_CLOSEBRACE) PORT_NAME("No/False") PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_H) PORT_CHAR('H') PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_R) PORT_CHAR('R') PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_SPACE) PORT_NAME("Select") PORT_START("IN.1") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_END) PORT_NAME("Scroll") PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F) PORT_CHAR('F') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_P) PORT_CHAR('P') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_Z) PORT_CHAR('Z') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_COMMA) PORT_NAME("<") PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_I) PORT_CHAR('I') PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_S) PORT_CHAR('S') PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_DEL) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_BACKSPACE) PORT_NAME("Erase/Clear") PORT_START("IN.2") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_HOME) PORT_NAME("Menu") PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E) PORT_CHAR('E') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_O) PORT_CHAR('O') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_Y) PORT_CHAR('Y') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_STOP) PORT_NAME(">") PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_J) PORT_CHAR('J') PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_T) PORT_CHAR('T') PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER) PORT_NAME("Enter/Start") PORT_START("IN.3") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_SLASH) PORT_NAME("Prompt") PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D) PORT_CHAR('D') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_N) PORT_CHAR('N') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_X) PORT_CHAR('X') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7_PAD) PORT_NAME("7") PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4_PAD) PORT_NAME("4") PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1_PAD) PORT_NAME("1") PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0_PAD) PORT_NAME("0") PORT_START("IN.4") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS) PORT_NAME("Say It Again(Repeat)") PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C) PORT_CHAR('C') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_M) PORT_CHAR('M') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_W) PORT_CHAR('W') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8_PAD) PORT_NAME("8") PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5_PAD) PORT_NAME("5") PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2_PAD) PORT_NAME("2") PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_DEL_PAD) PORT_NAME(".") PORT_START("IN.5") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_POWER_ON ) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, k28_state, power_on, nullptr) PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B) PORT_CHAR('B') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_L) PORT_CHAR('L') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_V) PORT_CHAR('V') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9_PAD) PORT_NAME("9") PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6_PAD) PORT_NAME("6") PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3_PAD) PORT_NAME("3") PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER_PAD) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_EQUALS) PORT_NAME("=") PORT_START("IN.6") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_POWER_OFF ) // -> auto_power_off PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A) PORT_CHAR('A') PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_K) PORT_CHAR('K') PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_U) PORT_CHAR('U') PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_SLASH_PAD) PORT_NAME(UTF8_DIVIDE) PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ASTERISK) PORT_NAME(UTF8_MULTIPLY) PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS_PAD) PORT_NAME("-") PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_HIGH, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_PLUS_PAD) PORT_NAME("+") INPUT_PORTS_END /*************************************************************************** Machine Config ***************************************************************************/ MACHINE_CONFIG_START(k28_state::k28) /* basic machine hardware */ MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("maincpu", I8021, 3.579545_MHz_XTAL) MCFG_MCS48_PORT_BUS_OUT_CB(WRITE8(*this, k28_state, mcu_p0_w)) MCFG_MCS48_PORT_P1_IN_CB(READ8(*this, k28_state, mcu_p1_r)) MCFG_MCS48_PORT_P2_IN_CB(READ8(*this, k28_state, mcu_p2_r)) MCFG_MCS48_PORT_P2_OUT_CB(WRITE8(*this, k28_state, mcu_p2_w)) MCFG_MCS48_PORT_PROG_OUT_CB(WRITELINE(*this, k28_state, mcu_prog_w)) MCFG_MCS48_PORT_T1_IN_CB(READLINE("speech", votrax_sc01_device, request)) // SC-01 A/R pin MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("tms6100", TMS6100, 3.579545_MHz_XTAL) // CLK tied to 8021 ALE pin MCFG_TIMER_ADD_NONE("on_button") MCFG_TIMER_DRIVER_ADD_PERIODIC("display_decay", k28_state, display_decay_tick, attotime::from_msec(1)) MCFG_DEFAULT_LAYOUT(layout_k28) /* sound hardware */ SPEAKER(config, "mono").front_center(); MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("speech", VOTRAX_SC01, 760000) // measured 760kHz on its RC pin MCFG_SOUND_ROUTE(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 0.5) MACHINE_CONFIG_END /*************************************************************************** ROM Defs, Game driver(s) ***************************************************************************/ ROM_START( k28 ) ROM_REGION( 0x1000, "maincpu", 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "p8021", 0x0000, 0x0400, CRC(15536d20) SHA1(fac98ce652340ffb2d00952697c3a9ce75393fa4) ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, "tms6100", ROMREGION_ERASEFF ) // 8000-bfff? = space reserved for cartridge ROM_LOAD( "cm62050.vsm", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(6afb8645) SHA1(e22435568ed11c6516a3b4008131f99cd4e47aa9) ) ROM_LOAD( "cm62051.vsm", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(0fa61baa) SHA1(831be669423ba60c7f85a896b4b09a1295478bd9) ) ROM_END // YEAR NAME PARENT CMP MACHINE INPUT CLASS INIT COMPANY FULLNAME FLAGS COMP( 1981, k28, 0, 0, k28, k28, k28_state, empty_init, "Tiger Electronics", "K28: Talking Learning Computer (model 7-230)", MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE )