// license:BSD-3-Clause // copyright-holders:Frank Palazzolo, Aaron Giles, Jonathan Gevaryahu, Raphael Nabet, Couriersud, Michael Zapf /********************************************************************************************** TMS5200/5220 simulator Written for MAME by Frank Palazzolo With help from Neill Corlett Additional tweaking by Aaron Giles TMS6100 Speech Rom support added by Raphael Nabet PRNG code by Jarek Burczynski backported from tms5110.c by Lord Nightmare Chirp/excitation table fixes by Lord Nightmare Various fixes by Lord Nightmare Modularization by Lord Nightmare Sub-interpolation-cycle parameter updating added by Lord Nightmare Preliminary MASSIVE merge of tms5110 and tms5220 cores by Lord Nightmare Lattice Filter, Multiplier, and clipping redone by Lord Nightmare TMS5220C multi-rate feature added by Lord Nightmare Massive rewrite and reorganization by Lord Nightmare Additional IP, PC, subcycle timing rewrite by Lord Nightmare Updated based on the chip decaps done by digshadow Much information regarding the lpc encoding used here comes from US patent 4,209,844 US patent 4,331,836 describes the complete 51xx chip US patent 4,335,277 describes the complete 52xx chip Special Thanks to Larry Brantingham for answering questions regarding the chip details TMS5200/TMS5220/TMS5220C/CD2501E/CD2501ECD/EFO90503: +-----------------+ D7(d0) | 1 28 | /RS ADD1 | 2 27 | /WS ROMCLK | 3 26 | D6(d1) VDD(-5) | 4 25 | ADD2 VSS(+5) | 5 24 | D5(d2) OSC | 6 23 | ADD4 T11 | 7 22 | D4(d3) SPKR | 8 21 | ADD8/DATA I/O | 9 20 | TEST PROMOUT | 10 19 | D3(d4) VREF(GND)| 11 18 | /READY D2(d5) | 12 17 | /INT D1(d6) | 13 16 | M1 D0(d7) | 14 15 | M0 +-----------------+ Note the standard naming for d* data bits with 7 as MSB and 0 as LSB is in lowercase. TI's naming has D7 as LSB and D0 as MSB and is in uppercase TMS5100: +-----------------+ TST | 1 28 | CS PDC | 2 27 | CTL8 ROM CK | 3 26 | ADD8 CPU CK | 4 25 | CTL1 VDD | 5 24 | ADD1 CR OSC | 6 23 | CTL2 RC OSC | 7 22 | ADD2 T11 | 8 21 | ADD4 NC | 9 20 | CTL4 I/O | 10 19 | M1 SPK1 | 11 18 | NC SPK2 | 12 17 | NC PROM OUT | 13 16 | NC VSS | 14 15 | M0 +-----------------+ T11: Sync for serial data out M58817 The following connections could be derived from radar scope schematics. The M58817 is not 100% pin compatible to the 5100, but really close. +-----------------+ (NC) | 1 28 | CS PDC | 2 27 | CTL8 ROM CK | 3 26 | ADD8 (to 58819) (NC) | 4 25 | CTL1 (VDD,-5) | 5 24 | ADD1 (to 58819) (GND) | 6 23 | CTL2 Xin | 7 22 | ADD2 (to 58819) Xout | 8 21 | ADD4 (to 58819) (NC) | 9 20 | CTL4 (VDD,-5) | 10 19 | Status back to CPU (NC) | 11 18 | C1 (to 58819) SPKR | 12 17 | (NC) SPKR | 13 16 | C0 (to 58819) (NC) | 14 15 | (5V) +-----------------+ TODO: 5110: * implement CS * TMS5110_CMD_TEST_TALK is only partially implemented 5220: * Samples repeat over and over in the 'eprom' test mode. Needs investigation. * Implement a ready callback for pc interfaces - this will be quite a challenge since for it to be really accurate the whole emulation has to run in sync (lots of timers) with the cpu cores. * If a command is still executing, /READY will be kept high until the command has finished if the next command is written. * tomcat has a 5220 which is not hooked up at all Pedantic detail from observation of real chip: The 5200 and 5220 chips outputs the following coefficients over PROMOUT while 'idle' and not speaking, in this order: e[0 or f] p[0] k1[0] k2[0] k3[0] k4[0] k5[f] k6[f] k7[f] k8[7] k9[7] k10[7] Patent notes (important timing info for interpolation): * TCycle ranges from 1 to 20, is clocked based on the clock input or RC clock to the chip / 4. This emulation core completely ignores TCycle, as it isn't very relevant. Every full TCycle count (i.e. overflow from 20 to 1), Subcycle is incremented. * Subcycle ranges from 0 to 2, reload is 0 in SPKSLOW mode, 1 normally, and corresponds to whether an interpolation value is being calculated (0 or 1) or being written to ram (2). 0 and 1 correspond to 'A' cycles on the patent, while 2 corresponds to 'B' cycles. Every Subcycle full count (i.e. overflow from 2 to (0 or 1)), PC is incremented. (NOTE: if PC=12, overflow happens on the 1->2 transition, not 2->0; PC=12 has no B cycle.) * PC ranges from 0 to 12, and corresponds to the parameter being interpolated or otherwise read from rom using PROMOUT. The order is: 0 = Energy 1 = Pitch 2 = K1 3 = K2 ... 11 = K10 12 = nothing Every PC full count (i.e. overflow from 12 to 0), IP (aka "Interpolation Period") is incremented. * IP (aka "Interpolation Period") ranges from 0 to 7, and corresponds with the amount of rightshift that the difference between current and target for a given parameter will have applied to it, before being added to the current parameter. Note that when interpolation is inhibited, only IP=0 will cause any change to the current values of the coefficients. The order is, after new frame parse (last ip was 0 before parse): 1 = >>3 (/8) 2 = >>3 (/8) 3 = >>3 (/8) 4 = >>2 (/4) 5 = >>2 (/4) 6 = >>1 (/2) (NOTE: the patent has an error regarding this value on one table implying it should be /4, but circuit simulation of parts of the patent shows that the /2 value is correct.) 7 = >>1 (/2) 0 = >>0 (/1, forcing current values to equal target values) Every IP full count, a new frame is parsed, but ONLY on the 0->* transition. NOTE: on TMS5220C ONLY, the datasheet IMPLIES the following: Upon new frame parse (end of IP=0), the IP is forced to a value depending on the TMS5220C-specific rate setting. For rate settings 0, 1, 2, 3, it will be forced to 1, 3, 5 or 7 respectively. On non-TMS5220 chips, it counts as expected (IP=1 follows IP=0) always. This means, the tms5220c with rates set to n counts IP as follows: (new frame parse is indicated with a #) Rate IP Count 00 7 0#1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0#1 2 3 4 5 6 7 <- non-tms5220c chips always follow this pattern 01 7 0#3 4 5 6 7 0#3 4 5 6 7 0#3 4 5 10 7 0#5 6 7 0#5 6 7 0#5 6 7 0#5 6 7 11 7 0#7 0#7 0#7 0#7 0#7 0#7 0#7 0#7 Based on the behavior tested on the CD2501ECD this is assumed to be the same for that chip as well. Most of the following is based on figure 8c of 4,331,836, which is the TMS5100/TMC0280 patent, but the same information applies to the TMS52xx as well. OLDP is a status flag which controls whether unvoiced or voiced excitation is being generated. It is latched from "P=0" at IP=7 PC=12 T=16. (This means that, during normal operation, between IP=7 PC=12 T16 and IP=0 PC=1 T17, OLDP and P=0 are the same) "P=0" is a status flag which is set if the index value for pitch for the new frame being parsed (which will become the new target frame) is zero. It is used for determining whether interpolation of the next frame is inhibited or not. It is updated at IP=0 PC=1 T17. See next section. OLDE is a status flag which is only used for determining whether interpolation is inhibited or not. It is latched from "E=0" at IP=7 PC=12 T=16. (This means that, during normal operation, between IP=7 PC=12 T16 and IP=0 PC=0 T17, OLDE and E=0 are the same) "E=0" is a status flag which is set if the index value for energy for the new frame being parsed (which will become the new target frame) is zero. It is used for determining whether interpolation of the next frame is inhibited or not. It is updated at IP=0 PC=0 T17. See next section. Interpolation is inhibited (i.e. interpolation at IP frames will not happen except for IP=0) under the following circumstances: "P=0" != "OLDP" ("P=0" = 1, and OLDP = 0; OR "P=0" = 0, and OLDP = 1) This means the new frame is unvoiced and the old one was voiced, or vice versa. * TODO the 5100 and 5200 patents are inconsistent about the above. Trace the decaps! "OLDE" = 1 and "E=0" = 0 This means the new frame is not silent, and the old frame was silent. ****Documentation of chip commands:*** 76543210 (these are in logical 7 thru 0 order with MSB (7) first; TI calls these bits by the opposite order, D0 thru D7, on the datasheet, with D0 being the MSB) x0x0xbcc: on 5200/5220: NOP (does nothing) on 5220C and CD2501ECD: Select frame length by cc, and b selects whether every frame is preceded by 2 bits to select the frame length (instead of using the value set by cc); the default (and after a reset command) is as if '0x00' was written, i.e. for frame length (200 samples) and 0 for whether the preceding 2 bits are enabled (off) x001xxxx: READ BYTE (RDBY) Sends eight read bit commands (M0 high M1 low) to VSM and reads the resulting bits serially into a temporary register, which becomes readable as the next byte read from the tms52xx once ready goes active. Note the bit order of the byte read from the TMS52xx is BACKWARDS as compared to the actual data order as in the rom on the VSM chips; the read byte command of the tms5100 reads the bits in the 'correct' order. This was IMHO a rather silly design decision of TI. (I (LN) asked Larry Brantingham about this but he wasn't involved with the TMS52xx chips, just the 5100); There's ASCII data in the TI 99/4 speech module VSMs which has the bit order reversed on purpose because of this! TALK STATUS must be CLEAR for this command to work; otherwise it is treated as a NOP. x011xxxx: READ AND BRANCH (RB) Sends a read and branch command (M0 high, M1 high) to force VSM to set its data pointer to whatever the data is at its current pointer location is) TALK STATUS must be CLEAR for this command to work; otherwise it is treated as a NOP. x100aaaa: LOAD ADDRESS (LA) Send a load address command (M0 low M1 high) to VSM with the 4 'a' bits; Note you need to send four or five of these in sequence to actually specify an address to the vsm. TALK STATUS must be CLEAR for this command to work; otherwise it is treated as a NOP. x101xxxx: SPEAK (SPK) Begins speaking, pulling speech data from the current address pointer location of the VSM modules. x110xxxx: SPEAK EXTERNAL (SPKEXT) Clears the FIFO using SPKEE line, then sets TALKD (TALKST remains zero) until 8 bytes have been written to the FIFO, at which point it begins speaking, pulling data from the 16 byte FIFO. The patent implies TALK STATUS must be CLEAR for this command to work; otherwise it is treated as a NOP, but the decap shows that this is not true, and is an error on the patent diagram. x111xxxx: RESET (RST) Resets the speech synthesis core immediately, and clears the FIFO. Other chip differences: The 5220C (and CD2501ECD maybe?) are quieter due to a better dac arrangement on die which allows less crossover between bits, based on the decap differences. ***MAME Driver specific notes:*** Victory's initial audio selftest is pretty brutal to the FIFO: it sends a sequence of bytes to the FIFO and checks the status bits after each one; if even one bit is in the wrong state (i.e. speech starts one byte too early or late), the test fails! The sample in Victory 'Shields up!' after you activate shields, the 'up' part of the sample is missing the STOP frame at the end of it; this causes the speech core to run out of bits to parse from the FIFO, cutting the sample off by one frame. This appears to be an original game code bug. Progress list for drivers using old vs new interface: starwars: uses new interface (couriersud) gauntlet: uses new interface (couriersud) atarisy1: uses new interface (Lord Nightmare) atarisy2: uses new interface (Lord Nightmare) atarijsa: uses new interface (Lord Nightmare) firefox: uses new interface (couriersud) mhavoc: uses old interface, and is in the machine file instead of the driver. monymony/jackrabt(zaccaria.c): uses new interface (couriersud) victory(audio/exidy.c): uses new interface (couriersud) looping: uses old interface portraits: uses *NO* interface; the i/o cpu hasn't been hooked to anything! dotron and midwayfb(mcr.c): uses old interface As for which games used which chips: TMS5200 AKA TMC0285 AKA CD2501E: (1980 to 1983) Arcade: Zaccaria's 'money money' and 'jack rabbit'; Bally/Midway's 'Discs of Tron' (all environmental cabs and a few upright cabs; the code exists on all versions for the speech though, and upright cabs can be upgraded to add it by hacking on a 'Squawk & Talk' pinball speech board (which is also TMS5200 based) with a few modded components) Pinball: All Bally/Midway machines which uses the 'Squawk & Talk' board. Home computer: TI 99/4 PHP1500 Speech module (along with two VSM serial chips); Street Electronics Corp.'s Apple II 'Echo 2' Speech synthesizer (early cards only) EFO90503: (1982, EFO Sound-3 board used in a few Playmatic/Cidelsa games) Arcade: Clean Octopus Pinball: Cerberus, Spain '82 CD2501ECD: (1983) Home computer: TI 99/8 (prototypes only) TMS5220: (mostly on things made between 1981 and 1984-1985) Arcade: Bally/Midway's 'NFL Football'; Atari's 'Star Wars', 'Firefox', 'Return of the Jedi', 'Road Runner', 'The Empire Strikes Back' (all verified with schematics); Venture Line's 'Looping' and 'Sky Bumper' (need verify for both); Olympia's 'Portraits' (need verify); Exidy's 'Victory' and 'Victor Banana' (need verify for both) Pinball: Several (don't know names offhand, have not checked schematics; likely Zaccaria's 'Farfalla') Home computer: Street Electronics Corp.'s Apple II 'Echo 2' Speech synthesizer (later cards only); Texas Instruments' 'Speak and Learn' scanner wand unit. TMS5220C AKA TSP5220C: (on stuff made from 1984 to 1992 or so) Arcade: Atari's 'Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom', '720', 'Gauntlet', 'Gauntlet II', 'A.P.B.', 'Paperboy', 'RoadBlasters', 'Vindicators Pt II'(verify?), and 'Escape from the Planet of the Robot Monsters' (all verified except for vindicators pt 2) Pinball: Several (less common than the tms5220? (not sure about this), mostly on later pinballs with LPC speech) Home computer: Street Electronics Corp.'s 'ECHO' parallel/hobbyist module (6511 based), IBM PS/2 Speech adapter (parallel port connection device), PES Speech adapter (serial port connection) Street electronics had two later 1988-1990-era ECHO appleII cards which are TSP50c0x/1x MCU based speech and not tms52xx based (though it is likely emulating the tms5220 in MCU code). Look for a 16-pin chip at U6 labeled "ECHO-2 SN" or "ECHO-3 SN". ***********************************************************************************************/ #include "emu.h" #include "tms5220.h" /* *****optional defines***** */ /* Hacky improvements which don't match patent: */ /* Interpolation shift logic: * One of the following two lines should be used, and the other commented * The second line is more accurate mathematically but not accurate to the patent */ #define INTERP_SHIFT >> m_coeff->interp_coeff[m_IP] //define INTERP_SHIFT / (1<interp_coeff[m_IP]) /* Other hacks */ /* HACK: if defined, outputs the low 4 bits of the lattice filter to the i/o * or clip logic, even though the real hardware doesn't do this, partially verified by decap */ #undef ALLOW_4_LSB /* forces m_TALK active instantly whenever m_SPEN would be activated, causing speech delay to be reduced by up to one frame time */ /* for some reason, this hack makes victory behave better, though it does not match the patent */ #define FAST_START_HACK 1 /* *****configuration of chip connection stuff***** */ /* must be defined; if 0, output the waveform as if it was tapped on the speaker pin as usual, if 1, output the waveform as if it was tapped on the i/o pin (volume is much lower in the latter case) */ #define FORCE_DIGITAL 0 /* 5220 only; must be defined; if 1, normal speech (one A cycle, one B cycle per interpolation step); if 0; speak as if SPKSLOW was used (two A cycles, one B cycle per interpolation step) */ #define FORCE_SUBC_RELOAD 1 /* *****debugging defines***** */ #define LOG_GENERAL (1 << 0) // above is general, somewhat obsolete, catch all for debugs which don't fit elsewhere #define LOG_DUMP_INPUT_DATA (1 << 1) /* 5220 only; above dumps the data written to the tms52xx to stdout, useful for making logged data dumps for real hardware tests */ #define LOG_FIFO (1 << 2) // 5220 only; above debugs FIFO stuff: writes, reads and flag updates #define LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN (1 << 3) // dumps each speech frame as binary #define LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX (1 << 4) // dumps each speech frame as hex #define LOG_FRAME_ERRORS (1 << 6) // above dumps info if a frame ran out of data #define LOG_COMMAND_DUMP (1 << 7) // above dumps all non-speech-data command writes #define LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE (1 << 8) // above dumps decoded info about command writes #define LOG_PIN_READS (1 << 9) // above spams the errorlog with i/o ready messages whenever the ready or irq pin is read #define LOG_GENERATION (1 << 10) // above dumps debug information related to the sample generation loop, i.e. whether interpolation is inhibited or not, and what the current and target values for each frame are. #define LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE (1 << 11) // above dumps MUCH MORE debug information related to the sample generation loop, namely the excitation, energy, pitch, k*, and output values for EVERY SINGLE SAMPLE during a frame. #define LOG_LATTICE (1 << 12) // above dumps the lattice filter state data each sample. #define LOG_CLIP (1 << 13) // above dumps info to stderr whenever the analog clip hardware is (or would be) clipping the signal. #define LOG_IO_READY (1 << 14) // above debugs the io ready callback timer #define LOG_RS_WS (1 << 15) // above debugs the tms5220_data_r and data_w access methods which actually respect rs and ws //#define VERBOSE (LOG_GENERAL | LOG_DUMP_INPUT_DATA | LOG_FIFO | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX | LOG_FRAME_ERRORS | LOG_COMMAND_DUMP | LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE | LOG_PIN_READS | LOG_GENERATION | LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE | LOG_LATTICE | LOG_CLIP | LOG_IO_READY | LOG_RS_WS) #include "logmacro.h" // TODO: switch the comments to be above the defines instead of below them #define MAX_SAMPLE_CHUNK 512 /* 6+4 Variants, from tms5110r.inc */ #define TMS5220_IS_TMC0281 (1) #define TMS5220_IS_TMC0281D (2) #define TMS5220_IS_CD2801 (3) #define TMS5220_IS_CD2802 (4) #define TMS5220_IS_TMS5110A (5) #define TMS5220_IS_M58817 (6) #define TMS5220_IS_5220C (7) #define TMS5220_IS_5200 (8) #define TMS5220_IS_5220 (9) #define TMS5220_IS_CD2501ECD (10) #define TMS5220_IS_CD2501E TMS5220_IS_5200 // 52xx: decide whether we have rate control or not #define TMS5220_HAS_RATE_CONTROL ((m_variant == TMS5220_IS_5220C) || (m_variant == TMS5220_IS_CD2501ECD)) // All: decide whether we are a 51xx or a 52xx #define TMS5220_IS_52xx ((m_variant == TMS5220_IS_5220C) || (m_variant == TMS5220_IS_5200) || (m_variant == TMS5220_IS_5220) || (m_variant == TMS5220_IS_CD2501ECD)) /* 51xx: States for CTL */ // ctl bus is input to tms51xx #define CTL_STATE_INPUT (0) // ctl bus is outputting a test talk command on CTL1(bit 0) #define CTL_STATE_TTALK_OUTPUT (1) // ctl bus is switching direction, next will be above #define CTL_STATE_NEXT_TTALK_OUTPUT (2) // ctl bus is outputting a read nybble 'output' command on CTL1,2,4,8 (bits 0-3) #define CTL_STATE_OUTPUT (3) // ctl bus is switching direction, next will be above #define CTL_STATE_NEXT_OUTPUT (4) static const uint8_t reload_table[4] = { 0, 2, 4, 6 }; //sample count reload for 5220c and cd2501ecd only; 5200 and 5220 always reload with 0; keep in mind this is loaded on IP=0 PC=12 subcycle=1 so it immediately will increment after one sample, effectively being 1,3,5,7 as in the comments above. // Pull in the ROM tables #include "tms5110r.hxx" void tms5220_device::register_for_save_states() { // for sanity purposes these variables should be in the same order as in tms5220.h! // 5110 specific stuff save_item(NAME(m_PDC)); save_item(NAME(m_CTL_pins)); save_item(NAME(m_state)); // new VSM stuff save_item(NAME(m_address)); save_item(NAME(m_next_is_address)); save_item(NAME(m_schedule_dummy_read)); save_item(NAME(m_addr_bit)); save_item(NAME(m_CTL_buffer)); // old VSM stuff save_item(NAME(m_read_byte_register)); save_item(NAME(m_RDB_flag)); // FIFO save_item(NAME(m_fifo)); save_item(NAME(m_fifo_head)); save_item(NAME(m_fifo_tail)); save_item(NAME(m_fifo_count)); save_item(NAME(m_fifo_bits_taken)); // global status bits (booleans) save_item(NAME(m_previous_talk_status)); save_item(NAME(m_SPEN)); save_item(NAME(m_DDIS)); save_item(NAME(m_TALK)); save_item(NAME(m_TALKD)); save_item(NAME(m_buffer_low)); save_item(NAME(m_buffer_empty)); save_item(NAME(m_irq_pin)); save_item(NAME(m_ready_pin)); // current and previous frames save_item(NAME(m_OLDE)); save_item(NAME(m_OLDP)); save_item(NAME(m_new_frame_energy_idx)); save_item(NAME(m_new_frame_pitch_idx)); save_item(NAME(m_new_frame_k_idx)); #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK save_item(NAME(m_old_frame_energy_idx)); save_item(NAME(m_old_frame_pitch_idx)); save_item(NAME(m_old_frame_k_idx)); save_item(NAME(m_old_zpar)); save_item(NAME(m_old_uv_zpar)); #endif save_item(NAME(m_current_energy)); save_item(NAME(m_current_pitch)); save_item(NAME(m_current_k)); save_item(NAME(m_previous_energy)); save_item(NAME(m_subcycle)); save_item(NAME(m_subc_reload)); save_item(NAME(m_PC)); save_item(NAME(m_IP)); save_item(NAME(m_inhibit)); save_item(NAME(m_uv_zpar)); save_item(NAME(m_zpar)); save_item(NAME(m_pitch_zero)); save_item(NAME(m_c_variant_rate)); save_item(NAME(m_pitch_count)); save_item(NAME(m_u)); save_item(NAME(m_x)); save_item(NAME(m_RNG)); save_item(NAME(m_excitation_data)); save_item(NAME(m_digital_select)); save_item(NAME(m_io_ready)); // "proper" rs+ws emulation save_item(NAME(m_true_timing)); save_item(NAME(m_rs_ws)); save_item(NAME(m_read_latch)); save_item(NAME(m_write_latch)); } /********************************************************************************************** printbits helper function: takes a long int input and prints the resulting bits to stderr ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::printbits(long data, int num) { for (int i = num - 1; i >= 0; i--) LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN, "%0ld", (data>>i)&1); switch ((num - 1) & 0xfc) { case 0: LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, "%0lx", data); break; case 4: LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, "%02lx", data); break; case 8: LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, "%03lx", data); break; case 12: LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, "%04lx", data); break; default: LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, "%04lx", data); break; } } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_device::new_int_write -- wrap a write to the VSM ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::new_int_write(uint8_t rc, uint8_t m0, uint8_t m1, uint8_t addr) { if (!m_m0_cb.isnull()) m_m0_cb(m0); if (!m_m1_cb.isnull()) m_m1_cb(m1); if (!m_addr_cb.isnull()) m_addr_cb((offs_t)0, addr); if (!m_romclk_cb.isnull()) { //printf("rc %d\n", rc); m_romclk_cb(rc); } } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_device::new_int_write_addr -- wrap a 'load address' set of writes to the VSM ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::new_int_write_addr(uint8_t addr) { new_int_write(1, 0, 1, addr); // romclk 1, m0 0, m1 1, addr bus nybble = xxxx new_int_write(0, 0, 1, addr); // romclk 0, m0 0, m1 1, addr bus nybble = xxxx new_int_write(1, 0, 0, addr); // romclk 1, m0 0, m1 0, addr bus nybble = xxxx new_int_write(0, 0, 0, addr); // romclk 0, m0 0, m1 0, addr bus nybble = xxxx } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_device::new_int_write_addr -- wrap a 'read bit' set of writes to the VSM ***********************************************************************************************/ uint8_t tms5220_device::new_int_read() { new_int_write(1, 1, 0, 0); // romclk 1, m0 1, m1 0, addr bus nybble = 0/open bus new_int_write(0, 1, 0, 0); // romclk 0, m0 1, m1 0, addr bus nybble = 0/open bus new_int_write(1, 0, 0, 0); // romclk 1, m0 0, m1 0, addr bus nybble = 0/open bus new_int_write(0, 0, 0, 0); // romclk 0, m0 0, m1 0, addr bus nybble = 0/open bus if (!m_data_cb.isnull()) return m_data_cb(); LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERAL, "WARNING: CALLBACK MISSING, RETURNING 0!\n"); return 0; } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_device::data_write -- handle a write to the TMS5220 ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::data_write(int data) { bool old_buffer_low = m_buffer_low; LOGMASKED(LOG_DUMP_INPUT_DATA, "%c", data); if (m_DDIS) // If we're in speak external mode { // add this byte to the FIFO if (m_fifo_count < FIFO_SIZE) { m_fifo[m_fifo_tail] = data; m_fifo_tail = (m_fifo_tail + 1) % FIFO_SIZE; m_fifo_count++; LOGMASKED(LOG_FIFO, "data_write: Added byte to FIFO (current count=%2d)\n", m_fifo_count); update_fifo_status_and_ints(); // if we just unset buffer low with that last write, and SPEN *was* zero (see circuit 251, sheet 12) if ((!m_SPEN) && (old_buffer_low && (!m_buffer_low))) // MUST HAVE EDGE DETECT { LOGMASKED(LOG_FIFO, "data_write triggered SPEN to go active!\n"); // ...then we now have enough bytes to start talking; set zpar and clear out the new frame parameters (it will become old frame just before the first call to parse_frame() ) m_zpar = true; m_uv_zpar = true; // zero k4-k10 as well m_OLDE = true; // 'silence/zpar' frames are zero energy m_OLDP = true; // 'silence/zpar' frames are zero pitch #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK m_old_zpar = true; // zero all the old parameters m_old_uv_zpar = true; // zero old k4-k10 as well #endif m_SPEN = true; #ifdef FAST_START_HACK m_TALK = true; #endif m_new_frame_energy_idx = 0; m_new_frame_pitch_idx = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0; for (int i = 4; i < 7; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0xF; for (int i = 7; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0x7; } } else { LOGMASKED(LOG_FIFO, "data_write: Ran out of room in the tms52xx FIFO! this should never happen!\n"); // at this point, /READY should remain HIGH/inactive until the FIFO has at least one byte open in it. } } else //(! m_DDIS) // R Nabet : we parse commands at once. It is necessary for such commands as read. process_command(data); } /********************************************************************************************** update_fifo_status_and_ints -- check to see if the various flags should be on or off Description of flags, and their position in the status register: From the data sheet: bit D0(bit 7) = TS - Talk Status is active (high) when the VSP is processing speech data. Talk Status goes active at the initiation of a Speak command or after nine bytes of data are loaded into the FIFO following a Speak External command. It goes inactive (low) when the stop code (Energy=1111) is processed, or immediately by a buffer empty condition or a reset command. bit D1(bit 6) = BL - Buffer Low is active (high) when the FIFO buffer is more than half empty. Buffer Low is set when the "Last-In" byte is shifted down past the half-full boundary of the stack. Buffer Low is cleared when data is loaded to the stack so that the "Last-In" byte lies above the half-full boundary and becomes the eighth data byte of the stack. bit D2(bit 5) = BE - Buffer Empty is active (high) when the FIFO buffer has run out of data while executing a Speak External command. Buffer Empty is set when the last bit of the "Last-In" byte is shifted out to the Synthesis Section. This causes Talk Status to be cleared. Speech is terminated at some abnormal point and the Speak External command execution is terminated. ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::update_fifo_status_and_ints() { /* update 52xx FIFO flags and set ints if needed */ if (!TMS5220_IS_52xx) return; // bail out if not a 52xx chip update_ready_state(); /* BL is set if neither byte 9 nor 8 of the FIFO are in use; this translates to having fifo_count (which ranges from 0 bytes in use to 16 bytes used) being less than or equal to 8. Victory/Victorba depends on this. */ if (m_fifo_count <= 8) { // generate an interrupt if necessary; if /BL was inactive and is now active, set int. if (!m_buffer_low) { m_buffer_low = true; set_interrupt_state(1); } } else m_buffer_low = false; /* BE is set if neither byte 15 nor 14 of the FIFO are in use; this translates to having fifo_count equal to exactly 0 */ if (m_fifo_count == 0) { // generate an interrupt if necessary; if /BE was inactive and is now active, set int. if (!m_buffer_empty) { m_buffer_empty = true; set_interrupt_state(1); } if (m_DDIS) m_TALK = m_SPEN = false; // /BE being active clears the TALK status via TCON, which in turn clears SPEN, but ONLY if m_DDIS is set! See patent page 16, gate 232b } else m_buffer_empty = false; // generate an interrupt if /TS was active, and is now inactive. // also, in this case, regardless if DDIS was set, unset it. if (m_previous_talk_status && !talk_status()) { LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERAL, "Talk status WAS 1, is now 0, unsetting DDIS and firing an interrupt!\n"); set_interrupt_state(1); m_DDIS = false; } m_previous_talk_status = talk_status(); } /********************************************************************************************** extract_bits -- extract a specific number of bits from the current input stream (FIFO or VSM) ***********************************************************************************************/ int tms5220_device::extract_bits(int count) { int val = 0; if (m_DDIS) { // extract from FIFO while (count--) { val = (val << 1) | ((m_fifo[m_fifo_head] >> m_fifo_bits_taken) & 1); m_fifo_bits_taken++; if (m_fifo_bits_taken >= 8) { m_fifo_count--; m_fifo[m_fifo_head] = 0; // zero the newly depleted FIFO head byte m_fifo_head = (m_fifo_head + 1) % FIFO_SIZE; m_fifo_bits_taken = 0; update_fifo_status_and_ints(); } } } else { #ifndef USE_NEW_TMS6100_CODE /** TODO: get rid of this old code */ // extract from VSM (speech ROM) if (m_speechrom) val = m_speechrom->read(count); else val = (1< 0) { if(m_TALKD) // speaking { /* if we're ready for a new frame to be applied, i.e. when IP=0, PC=12, Sub=1 * (In reality, the frame was really loaded incrementally during the entire IP=0 * PC=x time period, but it doesn't affect anything until IP=0 PC=12 happens) */ if ((m_IP == 0) && (m_PC == 12) && (m_subcycle == 1)) { // HACK for regression testing, be sure to comment out before release! //m_RNG = 0x1234; // end HACK /* appropriately override the interp count if needed; this will be incremented after the frame parse! */ m_IP = reload_table[m_c_variant_rate&0x3]; #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK /* remember previous frame energy, pitch, and coefficients */ m_old_frame_energy_idx = m_new_frame_energy_idx; m_old_frame_pitch_idx = m_new_frame_pitch_idx; for (i = 0; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_old_frame_k_idx[i] = m_new_frame_k_idx[i]; #endif /* Parse a new frame into the new_target_energy, new_target_pitch and new_target_k[] */ parse_frame(); /* if the new frame is a stop frame, unset both TALK and SPEN (via TCON). TALKD remains active while the energy is ramping to 0. */ if (new_frame_stop_flag()) { m_TALK = m_SPEN = false; update_fifo_status_and_ints(); // probably not necessary... } /* in all cases where interpolation would be inhibited, set the inhibit flag; otherwise clear it. * Interpolation inhibit cases: * Old frame was voiced, new is unvoiced * Old frame was silence/zero energy, new has non-zero energy * Old frame was unvoiced, new is voiced * Old frame was unvoiced, new frame is silence/zero energy (non-existent on tms51xx rev D and F (present and working on tms52xx, present but buggy on tms51xx rev A and B)) */ if ( (!old_frame_unvoiced_flag() && new_frame_unvoiced_flag()) || (old_frame_unvoiced_flag() && !new_frame_unvoiced_flag()) || (old_frame_silence_flag() && !new_frame_silence_flag()) //|| (m_inhibit && old_frame_unvoiced_flag() && new_frame_silence_flag()) ) //TMS51xx INTERP BUG1 || (old_frame_unvoiced_flag() && new_frame_silence_flag()) ) m_inhibit = true; else // normal frame, normal interpolation m_inhibit = false; /* Debug info for current parsed frame */ LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "OLDE: %d; NEWE: %d; OLDP: %d; NEWP: %d ", old_frame_silence_flag(), new_frame_silence_flag(), old_frame_unvoiced_flag(), new_frame_unvoiced_flag()); LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "Processing new frame: "); if (!m_inhibit) LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "Normal Frame\n"); else LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "Interpolation Inhibited\n"); LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "*** current Energy, Pitch and Ks = %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d\n",m_current_energy, m_current_pitch, m_current_k[0], m_current_k[1], m_current_k[2], m_current_k[3], m_current_k[4], m_current_k[5], m_current_k[6], m_current_k[7], m_current_k[8], m_current_k[9]); LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "*** target Energy(idx), Pitch, and Ks = %04d(%x),%04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d, %04d\n", (m_coeff->energytable[m_new_frame_energy_idx] * (1-m_zpar)), m_new_frame_energy_idx, (m_coeff->pitchtable[m_new_frame_pitch_idx] * (1-m_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[0][m_new_frame_k_idx[0]] * (1-m_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[1][m_new_frame_k_idx[1]] * (1-m_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[2][m_new_frame_k_idx[2]] * (1-m_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[3][m_new_frame_k_idx[3]] * (1-m_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[4][m_new_frame_k_idx[4]] * (1-m_uv_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[5][m_new_frame_k_idx[5]] * (1-m_uv_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[6][m_new_frame_k_idx[6]] * (1-m_uv_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[7][m_new_frame_k_idx[7]] * (1-m_uv_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[8][m_new_frame_k_idx[8]] * (1-m_uv_zpar)), (m_coeff->ktable[9][m_new_frame_k_idx[9]] * (1-m_uv_zpar)) ); } else // Not a new frame, just interpolate the existing frame. { bool inhibit_state = (m_inhibit && (m_IP != 0)); // disable inhibit when reaching the last interp period, but don't overwrite the m_inhibit value #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK int samples_per_frame = m_subc_reload?175:266; // either (13 A cycles + 12 B cycles) * 7 interps for normal SPEAK/SPKEXT, or (13*2 A cycles + 12 B cycles) * 7 interps for SPKSLOW //int samples_per_frame = m_subc_reload?200:304; // either (13 A cycles + 12 B cycles) * 8 interps for normal SPEAK/SPKEXT, or (13*2 A cycles + 12 B cycles) * 8 interps for SPKSLOW int current_sample = (m_subcycle - m_subc_reload)+(m_PC*(3-m_subc_reload))+((m_subc_reload?25:38)*((m_IP-1)&7)); //logerror( "CS: %03d", current_sample); // reset the current energy, pitch, etc to what it was at frame start m_current_energy = (m_coeff->energytable[m_old_frame_energy_idx] * (1-m_old_zpar)); m_current_pitch = (m_coeff->pitchtable[m_old_frame_pitch_idx] * (1-m_old_zpar)); for (i = 0; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_current_k[i] = (m_coeff->ktable[i][m_old_frame_k_idx[i]] * (1-((i<4)?m_old_zpar:m_old_uv_zpar))); // now adjust each value to be exactly correct for each of the samples per frame if (m_IP != 0) // if we're still interpolating... { m_current_energy = (m_current_energy + (((m_coeff->energytable[m_new_frame_energy_idx] - m_current_energy)*(1-inhibit_state))*current_sample)/samples_per_frame)*(1-m_zpar); m_current_pitch = (m_current_pitch + (((m_coeff->pitchtable[m_new_frame_pitch_idx] - m_current_pitch)*(1-inhibit_state))*current_sample)/samples_per_frame)*(1-m_zpar); for (i = 0; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_current_k[i] = (m_current_k[i] + (((m_coeff->ktable[i][m_new_frame_k_idx[i]] - m_current_k[i])*(1-inhibit_state))*current_sample)/samples_per_frame)*(1-((i<4)?m_zpar:m_uv_zpar)); } else // we're done, play this frame for 1/8 frame. { if (m_subcycle == 2) m_pitch_zero = false; // this reset happens around the second subcycle during IP=0 m_current_energy = (m_coeff->energytable[m_new_frame_energy_idx] * (1-m_zpar)); m_current_pitch = (m_coeff->pitchtable[m_new_frame_pitch_idx] * (1-m_zpar)); for (i = 0; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_current_k[i] = (m_coeff->ktable[i][m_new_frame_k_idx[i]] * (1-((i<4)?m_zpar:m_uv_zpar))); } #else //Updates to parameters only happen on subcycle '2' (B cycle) of PCs. if (m_subcycle == 2) { switch(m_PC) { case 0: /* PC = 0, B cycle, write updated energy */ if (m_IP==0) m_pitch_zero = 0; // this reset happens around the second subcycle during IP=0 m_current_energy = (m_current_energy + (((m_coeff->energytable[m_new_frame_energy_idx] - m_current_energy)*(1-inhibit_state)) INTERP_SHIFT))*(1-m_zpar); break; case 1: /* PC = 1, B cycle, write updated pitch */ m_current_pitch = (m_current_pitch + (((m_coeff->pitchtable[m_new_frame_pitch_idx] - m_current_pitch)*(1-inhibit_state)) INTERP_SHIFT))*(1-m_zpar); break; case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7: case 8: case 9: case 10: case 11: /* PC = 2 through 11, B cycle, write updated K1 through K10 */ m_current_k[m_PC-2] = (m_current_k[m_PC-2] + (((m_coeff->ktable[m_PC-2][m_new_frame_k_idx[m_PC-2]] - m_current_k[m_PC-2])*(1-inhibit_state)) INTERP_SHIFT))*(1-(((m_PC-2)<4)?m_zpar:m_uv_zpar)); break; case 12: /* PC = 12 */ /* we should NEVER reach this point, PC=12 doesn't have a subcycle 2 */ break; } } #endif } // calculate the output if (old_frame_unvoiced_flag()) { // generate unvoiced samples here if (m_RNG & 1) m_excitation_data = ~0x3F; /* according to the patent it is (either + or -) half of the maximum value in the chirp table, so either 01000000(0x40) or 11000000(0xC0)*/ else m_excitation_data = 0x40; } else /* (!old_frame_unvoiced_flag()) */ { // generate voiced samples here /* US patent 4331836 Figure 14B shows, and logic would hold, that a pitch based chirp * function has a chirp/peak and then a long chain of zeroes. * The last entry of the chirp rom is at address 0b110011 (51d), the 52nd sample, * and if the address reaches that point the ADDRESS incrementer is * disabled, forcing all samples beyond 51d to be == 51d */ if (m_pitch_count >= 51) m_excitation_data = (int8_t)m_coeff->chirptable[51]; else /*m_pitch_count < 51*/ m_excitation_data = (int8_t)m_coeff->chirptable[m_pitch_count]; } // Update LFSR *20* times every sample (once per T cycle), like patent shows for (i=0; i<20; i++) { bitout = ((m_RNG >> 12) & 1) ^ ((m_RNG >> 3) & 1) ^ ((m_RNG >> 2) & 1) ^ ((m_RNG >> 0) & 1); m_RNG <<= 1; m_RNG |= bitout; } this_sample = lattice_filter(); /* execute lattice filter */ //LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "C:%01d; ",m_subcycle); LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "IP:%01d PC:%02d X:%04d E:%03d P:%03d Pc:%03d ",m_IP, m_PC, m_excitation_data, m_current_energy, m_current_pitch, m_pitch_count); //LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "X:%04d E:%03d P:%03d Pc:%03d ", m_excitation_data, m_current_energy, m_current_pitch, m_pitch_count); for (i=0; i<10; i++) LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "K%d:%04d ", i+1, m_current_k[i]); LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "Out:%06d ", this_sample); //#ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK // LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "%d%d%d%d",m_old_zpar,m_zpar,m_old_uv_zpar,m_uv_zpar); //#else // LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "x%dx%d",m_zpar,m_uv_zpar); //#endif LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION_VERBOSE, "\n"); /* next, force result to 14 bits (since its possible that the addition at the final (k1) stage of the lattice overflowed) */ while (this_sample > 16383) this_sample -= 32768; while (this_sample < -16384) this_sample += 32768; if (m_digital_select == 0) // analog SPK pin output is only 8 bits, with clipping buffer[buf_count] = clip_analog(this_sample); else // digital I/O pin output is 12 bits { #ifdef ALLOW_4_LSB // input: ssss ssss ssss ssss ssnn nnnn nnnn nnnn // N taps: ^ = 0x2000; // output: ssss ssss ssss ssss snnn nnnn nnnn nnnN buffer[buf_count] = (this_sample<<1)|((this_sample&0x2000)>>13); #else this_sample &= ~0xF; // input: ssss ssss ssss ssss ssnn nnnn nnnn 0000 // N taps: ^^ ^^^ = 0x3E00; // output: ssss ssss ssss ssss snnn nnnn nnnN NNNN buffer[buf_count] = (this_sample<<1)|((this_sample&0x3E00)>>9); #endif } // Update all counts m_subcycle++; if ((m_subcycle == 2) && (m_PC == 12)) // RESETF3 { /* Circuit 412 in the patent acts a reset, resetting the pitch counter to 0 * if INHIBIT was true during the most recent frame transition. * The exact time this occurs is betwen IP=7, PC=12 sub=0, T=t12 * and m_IP = 0, PC=0 sub=0, T=t12, a period of exactly 20 cycles, * which overlaps the time OLDE and OLDP are updated at IP=7 PC=12 T17 * (and hence INHIBIT itself 2 t-cycles later). * According to testing the pitch zeroing lasts approximately 2 samples. * We set the zeroing latch here, and unset it on PC=1 in the generator. */ if ((m_IP == 7) && m_inhibit) m_pitch_zero = true; if (m_IP == 7) // RESETL4 { // Latch OLDE and OLDP //if (old_frame_silence_flag()) m_uv_zpar = false; // TMS51xx INTERP BUG2 m_OLDE = new_frame_silence_flag(); // old_frame_silence_flag() m_OLDP = new_frame_unvoiced_flag(); // old_frame_unvoiced_flag() /* if TALK was clear last frame, halt speech now, since TALKD (latched from TALK on new frame) just went inactive. */ LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "RESETL4, about to update status: IP=%d, PC=%d, subcycle=%d, m_SPEN=%d, m_TALK=%d, m_TALKD=%d\n", m_IP, m_PC, m_subcycle, m_SPEN, m_TALK, m_TALKD); if ((!m_TALK) && (!m_SPEN)) LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "tms5220_process: processing frame: TALKD = 0 caused by stop frame or buffer empty, halting speech.\n"); m_TALKD = m_TALK; // TALKD is latched from TALK update_fifo_status_and_ints(); // to trigger an interrupt if talk_status has changed if ((!m_TALK) && m_SPEN) m_TALK = true; // TALK is only activated if it wasn't already active, if m_SPEN is active, and if we're in RESETL4 (which we are). LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERATION, "RESETL4, status updated: IP=%d, PC=%d, subcycle=%d, m_SPEN=%d, m_TALK=%d, m_TALKD=%d\n", m_IP, m_PC, m_subcycle, m_SPEN, m_TALK, m_TALKD); } m_subcycle = m_subc_reload; m_PC = 0; m_IP++; m_IP &= 0x7; } else if (m_subcycle == 3) { m_subcycle = m_subc_reload; m_PC++; } m_pitch_count++; if ((m_pitch_count >= m_current_pitch) || m_pitch_zero) m_pitch_count = 0; m_pitch_count &= 0x1FF; } else // m_TALKD == 0 { m_subcycle++; if ((m_subcycle == 2) && (m_PC == 12)) // RESETF3 { if (m_IP == 7) // RESETL4 { m_TALKD = m_TALK; // TALKD is latched from TALK update_fifo_status_and_ints(); // probably not necessary if ((!m_TALK) && m_SPEN) m_TALK = true; // TALK is only activated if it wasn't already active, if m_SPEN is active, and if we're in RESETL4 (which we are). } m_subcycle = m_subc_reload; m_PC = 0; m_IP++; m_IP&=0x7; } else if (m_subcycle == 3) { m_subcycle = m_subc_reload; m_PC++; } buffer[buf_count] = -1; /* should be just -1; actual chip outputs -1 every idle sample; (cf note in data sheet, p 10, table 4) */ } buf_count++; size--; } } /********************************************************************************************** clip_analog -- clips the 14 bit return value from the lattice filter to its final 10 bit value (-512 to 511), and upshifts/range extends this to 16 bits ***********************************************************************************************/ int16_t tms5220_device::clip_analog(int16_t cliptemp) const { /* clipping, just like the patent shows: * the top 10 bits of this result are visible on the digital output IO pin. * next, if the top 3 bits of the 14 bit result are all the same, the * lowest of those 3 bits plus the next 7 bits are the signed analog * output, otherwise the low bits are all forced to match the inverse of * the topmost bit, i.e.: * 1x xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 0b10000000 * 11 1bcd efgh xxxx -> 0b1bcdefgh * 00 0bcd efgh xxxx -> 0b0bcdefgh * 0x xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 0b01111111 */ if ((cliptemp > 2047) || (cliptemp < -2048)) LOGMASKED(LOG_CLIP, "clipping cliptemp to range; was %d\n", cliptemp); if (cliptemp > 2047) cliptemp = 2047; else if (cliptemp < -2048) cliptemp = -2048; /* at this point the analog output is tapped */ #ifdef ALLOW_4_LSB // input: ssss snnn nnnn nnnn // N taps: ^^^ ^ = 0x0780 // output: snnn nnnn nnnn NNNN return (cliptemp << 4)|((cliptemp&0x780)>>7); // upshift and range adjust #else cliptemp &= ~0xF; // input: ssss snnn nnnn 0000 // N taps: ^^^ ^^^^ = 0x07F0 // P taps: ^ = 0x0400 // output: snnn nnnn NNNN NNNP return (cliptemp << 4)|((cliptemp&0x7F0)>>3)|((cliptemp&0x400)>>10); // upshift and range adjust #endif } /********************************************************************************************** matrix_multiply -- does the proper multiply and shift a is the k coefficient and is clamped to 10 bits (9 bits plus a sign) b is the running result and is clamped to 14 bits. output is 14 bits, but note the result LSB bit is always 1. Because the low 4 bits of the result are trimmed off before output, this makes almost no difference in the computation. **********************************************************************************************/ int32_t tms5220_device::matrix_multiply(int32_t a, int32_t b) const { int32_t result; while (a>511) { a-=1024; } while (a<-512) { a+=1024; } while (b>16383) { b-=32768; } while (b<-16384) { b+=32768; } result = ((a*b)>>9); /** TODO: this isn't technically right to the chip, which truncates the lowest result bit, but it causes glitches otherwise. **/ if (result>16383) LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERAL, "matrix multiplier overflowed! a: %x, b: %x, result: %x", a, b, result); if (result<-16384) LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERAL, "matrix multiplier underflowed! a: %x, b: %x, result: %x", a, b, result); return result; } /********************************************************************************************** lattice_filter -- executes one 'full run' of the lattice filter on a specific byte of excitation data, and specific values of all the current k constants, and returns the resulting sample. ***********************************************************************************************/ int32_t tms5220_device::lattice_filter() { // Lattice filter here // Aug/05/07: redone as unrolled loop, for clarity - LN /* Originally Copied verbatim from table I in US patent 4,209,804, now updated to be in same order as the actual chip does it, not that it matters. notation equivalencies from table: Yn(i) == m_u[n-1] Kn = m_current_k[n-1] bn = m_x[n-1] */ /* int ep = matrix_multiply(m_previous_energy, (m_excitation_data<<6)); //Y(11) m_u[10] = ep; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { int ii = 10-i; // for m = 10, this would be 11 - i, and since i is from 1 to 10, then ii ranges from 10 to 1 // int jj = ii+1; // this variable, even on the fortran version, is // never used. It probably was intended to be used on the two lines // below the next one to save some redundant additions on each. ep = ep - (((m_current_k[ii-1] * m_x[ii-1])>>9)|1); // subtract reflection from lower stage 'top of lattice' m_u[ii-1] = ep; m_x[ii] = m_x[ii-1] + (((m_current_k[ii-1] * ep)>>9)|1); // add reflection from upper stage 'bottom of lattice' } m_x[0] = ep; // feed the last section of the top of the lattice directly to the bottom of the lattice */ m_u[10] = matrix_multiply(m_previous_energy, (m_excitation_data<<6)); //Y(11) m_u[9] = m_u[10] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[9], m_x[9]); m_u[8] = m_u[9] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[8], m_x[8]); m_u[7] = m_u[8] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[7], m_x[7]); m_u[6] = m_u[7] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[6], m_x[6]); m_u[5] = m_u[6] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[5], m_x[5]); m_u[4] = m_u[5] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[4], m_x[4]); m_u[3] = m_u[4] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[3], m_x[3]); m_u[2] = m_u[3] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[2], m_x[2]); m_u[1] = m_u[2] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[1], m_x[1]); m_u[0] = m_u[1] - matrix_multiply(m_current_k[0], m_x[0]); int32_t err = m_x[9] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[9], m_u[9]); //x_10, real chip doesn't use or calculate this m_x[9] = m_x[8] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[8], m_u[8]); m_x[8] = m_x[7] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[7], m_u[7]); m_x[7] = m_x[6] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[6], m_u[6]); m_x[6] = m_x[5] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[5], m_u[5]); m_x[5] = m_x[4] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[4], m_u[4]); m_x[4] = m_x[3] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[3], m_u[3]); m_x[3] = m_x[2] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[2], m_u[2]); m_x[2] = m_x[1] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[1], m_u[1]); m_x[1] = m_x[0] + matrix_multiply(m_current_k[0], m_u[0]); m_x[0] = m_u[0]; m_previous_energy = m_current_energy; LOGMASKED(LOG_LATTICE, "V:%04d ", m_u[10]); for (int i = 9; i >= 0; i--) { LOGMASKED(LOG_LATTICE, "Y%d:%04d ", i+1, m_u[i]); } LOGMASKED(LOG_LATTICE, "\n"); LOGMASKED(LOG_LATTICE, "E:%04d ", err); for (int i = 9; i >= 0; i--) { LOGMASKED(LOG_LATTICE, "b%d:%04d ", i+1, m_x[i]); } LOGMASKED(LOG_LATTICE, "\n"); return m_u[0]; } /********************************************************************************************** process_command -- extract a byte from the FIFO and interpret it as a command ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::process_command(unsigned char cmd) { LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_DUMP, "process_command called with parameter %02X\n", cmd); /* parse the command */ switch (cmd & 0x70) { case 0x10 : /* read byte */ LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Read Byte command received\n"); if (!talk_status()) /* TALKST must be clear for RDBY */ { if (m_schedule_dummy_read) { m_schedule_dummy_read = false; if (m_speechrom) m_speechrom->read(1); } if (m_speechrom) m_read_byte_register = m_speechrom->read(8); /* read one byte from speech ROM... */ m_RDB_flag = true; } else LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Read Byte command received during TALK state, ignoring!\n"); break; case 0x00: case 0x20: /* set rate (tms5220c and cd2501ecd only), otherwise NOP */ if (TMS5220_HAS_RATE_CONTROL) { LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Set Rate (or NOP) command received\n"); m_c_variant_rate = cmd&0x0F; } else LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "NOP command received\n"); break; case 0x30 : /* read and branch */ if (!talk_status()) /* TALKST must be clear for RB */ { LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Read and Branch command received\n"); m_RDB_flag = false; if (m_speechrom) m_speechrom->read_and_branch(); } break; case 0x40 : /* load address */ LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Load Address command received\n"); if (!talk_status()) /* TALKST must be clear for LA */ { /* tms5220 data sheet says that if we load only one 4-bit nibble, it won't work. This code does not care about this. */ if (m_speechrom) m_speechrom->load_address(cmd & 0x0f); m_schedule_dummy_read = true; } else LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Load Address command received during TALK state, ignoring!\n"); break; case 0x50 : /* speak */ LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Speak (VSM) command received\n"); if (m_schedule_dummy_read) { m_schedule_dummy_read = false; if (m_speechrom) m_speechrom->read(1); } m_SPEN = 1; #ifdef FAST_START_HACK m_TALK = 1; #endif m_DDIS = false; // speak using VSM m_zpar = true; // zero all the parameters m_uv_zpar = true; // zero k4-k10 as well m_OLDE = true; // 'silence/zpar' frames are zero energy m_OLDP = true; // 'silence/zpar' frames are zero pitch #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK m_old_zpar = true; // zero all the old parameters m_old_uv_zpar = true; // zero old k4-k10 as well #endif // following is semi-hack but matches idle state observed on chip m_new_frame_energy_idx = 0; m_new_frame_pitch_idx = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0; for (int i = 4; i < 7; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0xF; for (int i = 7; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0x7; break; case 0x60 : /* speak external */ LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Speak External command received\n"); // SPKEXT going active asserts /SPKEE for 2 clocks, which clears the FIFO and its counters std::fill(std::begin(m_fifo), std::end(m_fifo), 0); m_fifo_head = m_fifo_tail = m_fifo_count = m_fifo_bits_taken = 0; // SPEN is enabled when the FIFO passes half full (falling edge of BL signal) m_DDIS = true; // speak using FIFO m_zpar = true; // zero all the parameters m_uv_zpar = true; // zero k4-k10 as well m_OLDE = true; // 'silence/zpar' frames are zero energy m_OLDP = true; // 'silence/zpar' frames are zero pitch #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK m_old_zpar = true; // zero all the old parameters m_old_uv_zpar = true; // zero old k4-k10 as well #endif // following is semi-hack but matches idle state observed on chip m_new_frame_energy_idx = 0; m_new_frame_pitch_idx = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0; for (int i = 4; i < 7; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0xF; for (int i = 7; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = 0x7; m_RDB_flag = false; break; case 0x70 : /* reset */ LOGMASKED(LOG_COMMAND_VERBOSE, "Reset command received\n"); if (m_schedule_dummy_read) { m_schedule_dummy_read = false; if (m_speechrom) m_speechrom->read(1); } reset(); break; } /* update the buffer low state */ update_fifo_status_and_ints(); } /****************************************************************************************** parse_frame -- parse a new frame's worth of data; returns 0 if not enough bits in buffer ******************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::parse_frame() { int i, rep_flag; #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK m_old_uv_zpar = m_uv_zpar; m_old_zpar = m_zpar; #endif /* Since we're parsing a frame, we must be talking, so clear zpar here. Also, before we started parsing a frame, the P=0 and E=0 latches were both reset by RESETL4, so clear m_uv_zpar here. */ m_uv_zpar = m_zpar = 0; /* We actually don't care how many bits are left in the FIFO here; the frame subpart will be processed normally, and any bits extracted 'past the end' of the FIFO will be read as zeroes; the FIFO being emptied will set the /BE latch which will halt speech exactly as if a stop frame had been encountered (instead of whatever partial frame was read). The same exact circuitry is used for both functions on the real chip, see us patent 4335277 sheet 16, gates 232a (decode stop frame) and 232b (decode /BE plus DDIS (decode disable) which is active during speak external). */ /* if the chip is a tms5220C, and the rate mode is set to that each frame (0x04 bit set) has a 2 bit rate preceding it, grab two bits here and store them as the rate; */ if ((TMS5220_HAS_RATE_CONTROL) && (m_c_variant_rate & 0x04)) { i = extract_bits(2); printbits(i, 2); LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, " "); m_IP = reload_table[i]; } else // non-5220C and 5220C in fixed rate mode m_IP = reload_table[m_c_variant_rate&0x3]; update_fifo_status_and_ints(); if (m_DDIS && m_buffer_empty) goto ranout; // attempt to extract the energy index m_new_frame_energy_idx = extract_bits(m_coeff->energy_bits); printbits(m_new_frame_energy_idx, m_coeff->energy_bits); LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, " "); update_fifo_status_and_ints(); if (m_DDIS && m_buffer_empty) goto ranout; // if the energy index is 0 or 15, we're done if ((m_new_frame_energy_idx == 0) || (m_new_frame_energy_idx == 15)) return; // attempt to extract the repeat flag rep_flag = extract_bits(1); printbits(rep_flag, 1); LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, " "); // attempt to extract the pitch m_new_frame_pitch_idx = extract_bits(m_coeff->pitch_bits); printbits(m_new_frame_pitch_idx, m_coeff->pitch_bits); LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, " "); // if the new frame is unvoiced, be sure to zero out the k5-k10 parameters m_uv_zpar = new_frame_unvoiced_flag(); update_fifo_status_and_ints(); if (m_DDIS && m_buffer_empty) goto ranout; // if this is a repeat frame, just do nothing, it will reuse the old coefficients if (rep_flag) return; // extract first 4 K coefficients for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = extract_bits(m_coeff->kbits[i]); printbits(m_new_frame_k_idx[i], m_coeff->kbits[i]); LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, " "); update_fifo_status_and_ints(); if (m_DDIS && m_buffer_empty) goto ranout; } // if the pitch index was zero, we only need 4 K's... if (m_new_frame_pitch_idx == 0) { /* and the rest of the coefficients are zeroed, but that's done in the generator code */ return; } // If we got here, we need the remaining 6 K's for (i = 4; i < m_coeff->num_k; i++) { m_new_frame_k_idx[i] = extract_bits(m_coeff->kbits[i]); printbits(m_new_frame_k_idx[i], m_coeff->kbits[i]); LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, " "); update_fifo_status_and_ints(); if (m_DDIS && m_buffer_empty) goto ranout; } LOGMASKED(LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_BIN | LOG_PARSE_FRAME_DUMP_HEX, "\n"); if (m_DDIS) LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERAL, "Parsed a frame successfully in FIFO - %d bits remaining\n", (m_fifo_count*8)-(m_fifo_bits_taken)); else LOGMASKED(LOG_GENERAL, "Parsed a frame successfully in ROM\n"); return; ranout: LOGMASKED(LOG_FRAME_ERRORS, "Ran out of bits on a parse!\n"); return; } /********************************************************************************************** set_interrupt_state -- generate an interrupt ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::set_interrupt_state(int state) { if (!TMS5220_IS_52xx) return; // bail out if not a 52xx chip, since there's no int pin LOGMASKED(LOG_PIN_READS, "irq pin set to state %d\n", state); if (!m_irq_handler.isnull() && state != m_irq_pin) m_irq_handler(!state); m_irq_pin = state; } /********************************************************************************************** update_ready_state -- update the ready line ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::update_ready_state() { bool state = m_io_ready; if (m_ready_pin != state) { LOGMASKED(LOG_PIN_READS, "ready pin set to state %d\n", state); if (!m_readyq_handler.isnull()) m_readyq_handler(!state); m_ready_pin = state; } } //------------------------------------------------- // device_start - device-specific startup //------------------------------------------------- void tms5220_device::device_start() { if (m_speechrom_tag) { m_speechrom = siblingdevice( m_speechrom_tag ); if( !m_speechrom ) { throw new emu_fatalerror("Error: %s '%s' can't find speechrom '%s'\n", shortname(), tag(), m_speechrom_tag ); } } else { m_speechrom = nullptr; } switch (m_variant) { case TMS5220_IS_TMC0281: m_coeff = &T0280B_0281A_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_TMC0281D: m_coeff = &T0280D_0281D_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_CD2801: m_coeff = &T0280F_2801A_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_M58817: m_coeff = &M58817_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_CD2802: m_coeff = &T0280F_2802_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_TMS5110A: m_coeff = &tms5110a_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_5200: case TMS5220_IS_CD2501ECD: m_coeff = &T0285_2501E_coeff; break; case TMS5220_IS_5220C: case TMS5220_IS_5220: m_coeff = &tms5220_coeff; break; default: fatalerror("Unknown variant in tms5220_set_variant\n"); } /* resolve callbacks */ m_irq_handler.resolve(); m_readyq_handler.resolve(); m_m0_cb.resolve(); m_m1_cb.resolve(); m_romclk_cb.resolve(); m_addr_cb.resolve(); m_data_cb.resolve(); /* initialize a stream */ m_stream = machine().sound().stream_alloc(*this, 0, 1, clock() / 80); m_timer_io_ready = timer_alloc(0); /* not during reset which is called from within a write! */ m_io_ready = true; m_true_timing = false; m_rs_ws = 0x03; // rs and ws are assumed to be inactive on device startup m_write_latch = 0; // assume on start that nothing is driving the data bus register_for_save_states(); } //------------------------------------------------- // device_reset - device-specific reset //------------------------------------------------- void tms5220_device::device_reset() { m_digital_select = FORCE_DIGITAL; // assume analog output /* initialize the FIFO */ std::fill(std::begin(m_fifo), std::end(m_fifo), 0); m_fifo_head = m_fifo_tail = m_fifo_count = m_fifo_bits_taken = 0; /* initialize the chip state */ /* Note that we do not actually clear IRQ on start-up : IRQ is even raised if m_buffer_empty or m_buffer_low are 0 */ m_SPEN = m_DDIS = m_TALK = m_TALKD = m_previous_talk_status = m_irq_pin = m_ready_pin = false; set_interrupt_state(0); update_ready_state(); m_buffer_empty = m_buffer_low = true; m_RDB_flag = false; /* initialize the energy/pitch/k states */ #ifdef TMS5220_PERFECT_INTERPOLATION_HACK m_old_frame_energy_idx = m_old_frame_pitch_idx = 0; std::fill(std::begin(m_old_frame_k_idx), std::end(m_old_frame_k_idx), 0); m_old_zpar = false; #endif m_new_frame_energy_idx = m_current_energy = m_previous_energy = 0; m_new_frame_pitch_idx = m_current_pitch = 0; m_zpar = m_uv_zpar = false; std::fill(std::begin(m_new_frame_k_idx), std::end(m_new_frame_k_idx), 0); std::fill(std::begin(m_current_k), std::end(m_current_k), 0); /* initialize the sample generators */ m_inhibit = true; m_subcycle = m_c_variant_rate = m_pitch_count = m_PC = 0; m_subc_reload = FORCE_SUBC_RELOAD; m_OLDE = m_OLDP = true; m_IP = reload_table[m_c_variant_rate&0x3]; m_RNG = 0x1FFF; std::fill(std::begin(m_u), std::end(m_u), 0); std::fill(std::begin(m_x), std::end(m_x), 0); m_schedule_dummy_read = false; if (m_speechrom) { m_speechrom->load_address(0); // MZ: Do the dummy read immediately. The previous line will cause a // shift in the address pointer in the VSM. When the next command is a // load_address, no dummy read will occur, hence the address will be // incorrectly shifted. m_speechrom->read(1); m_schedule_dummy_read = false; } // 5110 specific stuff m_PDC = 0; m_CTL_pins = 0; m_state = 0; m_address = 0; m_next_is_address = false; m_addr_bit = 0; m_CTL_buffer = 0; } /********************************************************************************************** True timing ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::device_timer(emu_timer &timer, device_timer_id id, int param, void *ptr) { switch(id) { case 0: // m_timer_io_ready /* bring up to date first */ m_stream->update(); LOGMASKED(LOG_IO_READY, "m_timer_io_ready timer fired, param = %02x, m_rs_ws = %02x\n", param, m_rs_ws); if (param) // low->high ready state { switch (m_rs_ws) { case 0x02: /* Write */ LOGMASKED(LOG_IO_READY, "m_timer_io_ready: Attempting to service write...\n"); if ((m_fifo_count >= FIFO_SIZE) && m_DDIS) // if FIFO is full and we're in speak external mode { LOGMASKED(LOG_IO_READY, "m_timer_io_ready: in SPKEXT and FIFO was full! cannot service write now, delaying 16 cycles...\n"); m_timer_io_ready->adjust(clocks_to_attotime(16), 1); break; } else { LOGMASKED(LOG_IO_READY, "m_timer_io_ready: Serviced write: %02x\n", m_write_latch); data_write(m_write_latch); m_io_ready = param; break; } case 0x01: /* Read */ m_read_latch = status_read(true); LOGMASKED(LOG_IO_READY, "m_timer_io_ready: Serviced read, returning %02x\n", m_read_latch); m_io_ready = param; break; case 0x03: /* High Impedance */ m_io_ready = param; case 0x00: /* illegal */ m_io_ready = param; break; } } update_ready_state(); break; } } /* * /RS line write handler */ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER( tms5220_device::rsq_w ) { m_true_timing = true; state &= 0x01; LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "/RS written with data: %d\n", state); uint8_t new_val = (m_rs_ws & 0x01) | (state<<1); if (new_val != m_rs_ws) { m_rs_ws = new_val; if (new_val == 0) { if (TMS5220_HAS_RATE_CONTROL) // correct for 5220c, probably also correct for cd2501ecd reset(); else /* illegal */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "tms5220_rsq_w: illegal\n"); return; } else if (new_val == 3) { /* high impedance */ m_read_latch = 0xff; return; } if (state) { /* low to high */ } else { /* high to low - schedule ready cycle */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "Scheduling ready cycle for /RS...\n"); /* upon /RS being activated, /READY goes inactive after 100 nsec from data sheet, through 3 asynchronous gates on patent. This is effectively within one clock, so we immediately set io_ready to 0 and activate the callback. */ m_io_ready = false; update_ready_state(); /* How long does /READY stay inactive, when /RS is pulled low? It might be always ~16 clocks (25 usec at 800khz as shown on the datasheet) but the patent schematic implies it might be as short as 4 clock cycles. */ m_timer_io_ready->adjust(clocks_to_attotime(16), 1); } } } /* * /WS line write handler */ WRITE_LINE_MEMBER( tms5220_device::wsq_w ) { m_true_timing = true; state &= 0x01; LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "/WS written with data: %d\n", state); uint8_t new_val = (m_rs_ws & 0x02) | (state<<0); if (new_val != m_rs_ws) { m_rs_ws = new_val; if (new_val == 0) { if (TMS5220_HAS_RATE_CONTROL) // correct for 5220c, probably also correct for cd2501ecd reset(); else /* illegal */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "tms5220_wsq_w: illegal\n"); return; } else if ( new_val == 3) { /* high impedance */ m_read_latch = 0xff; return; } if (state) { /* low to high */ } else { /* high to low - schedule ready cycle */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "Scheduling ready cycle for /WS...\n"); /* upon /WS being activated, /READY goes inactive after 100 nsec from data sheet, through 3 asynchronous gates on patent. This is effectively within one clock, so we immediately set io_ready to 0 and activate the callback. */ m_io_ready = false; update_ready_state(); /* Now comes the complicated part: how long does /READY stay inactive, when /WS is pulled low? This depends ENTIRELY on the command written, or whether the chip is in speak external mode or not... Speak external mode: ~16 cycles Command Mode: SPK: ? cycles SPKEXT: ? cycles RDBY: between 60 and 140 cycles RB: ? cycles (80?) RST: between 60 and 140 cycles SET RATE (5220C and CD2501ECD only): ? cycles (probably ~16) */ // TODO: actually HANDLE the timing differences! currently just assuming always 16 cycles m_timer_io_ready->adjust(clocks_to_attotime(16), 1); // this should take around 10-16 (closer to ~15) cycles to complete for FIFO writes, TODO: but actually depends on what command is written if in command mode } } } /* * combined /RS and /WS line write handler; * /RS is bit 1, /WS is bit 0 * Note this is a hack and probably can be removed later, once the 'real' line handlers above defer by at least 4 clock cycles before taking effect */ WRITE8_MEMBER( tms5220_device::combined_rsq_wsq_w ) { uint8_t falling_edges; m_true_timing = true; LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "/RS and /WS written with %d and %d respectively\n", (data&2)>>1, data&1); uint8_t new_val = data & 0x03; if (new_val != m_rs_ws) { falling_edges = ((m_rs_ws^new_val)&(~new_val)); m_rs_ws = new_val; switch(new_val) { case 0: if (TMS5220_HAS_RATE_CONTROL) // correct for 5220c, probably also correct for cd2501ecd reset(); else /* illegal */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "tms5220_combined_rsq_wsq_w: illegal\n"); return; case 3: /* high impedance */ m_read_latch = 0xff; return; case 2: // /WS active, /RS not /* check for falling or rising edge */ if (!(falling_edges&0x01)) return; /* low to high, do nothing */ /* high to low - schedule ready cycle */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "Scheduling ready cycle for /WS...\n"); /* upon /WS being activated, /READY goes inactive after 100 nsec from data sheet, through 3 asynchronous gates on patent. This is effectively within one clock, so we immediately set io_ready to 0 and activate the callback. */ m_io_ready = false; update_ready_state(); /* Now comes the complicated part: how long does /READY stay inactive, when /WS is pulled low? This depends ENTIRELY on the command written, or whether the chip is in speak external mode or not... Speak external mode: ~16 cycles Command Mode: SPK: ? cycles SPKEXT: ? cycles RDBY: between 60 and 140 cycles RB: ? cycles (80?) RST: between 60 and 140 cycles SET RATE (5220C and CD2501ECD only): ? cycles (probably ~16) */ // TODO: actually HANDLE the timing differences! currently just assuming always 16 cycles m_timer_io_ready->adjust(clocks_to_attotime(16), 1); // this should take around 10-16 (closer to ~15) cycles to complete for FIFO writes, TODO: but actually depends on what command is written if in command mode return; case 1: // /RS active, /WS not /* check for falling or rising edge */ if (!(falling_edges&0x02)) return; /* low to high, do nothing */ /* high to low - schedule ready cycle */ LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "Scheduling ready cycle for /RS...\n"); /* upon /RS being activated, /READY goes inactive after 100 nsec from data sheet, through 3 asynchronous gates on patent. This is effectively within one clock, so we immediately set io_ready to 0 and activate the callback. */ m_io_ready = false; update_ready_state(); /* How long does /READY stay inactive, when /RS is pulled low? I believe its almost always ~16 clocks (25 usec at 800khz as shown on the datasheet) */ m_timer_io_ready->adjust(clocks_to_attotime(16), 1); // this should take around 10-16 (closer to ~11?) cycles to complete return; } } } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_data_w -- write data to the sound chip ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::write_data(uint8_t data) { LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "tms5220_write_data: data %02x\n", data); /* bring up to date first */ m_stream->update(); m_write_latch = data; if (!m_true_timing) // if we're in the default hacky mode where we don't bother with rsq_w and wsq_w... data_write(m_write_latch); // ...force the write through instantly. else { /* actually in a write ? */ if (!(m_rs_ws == 0x02)) LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "tms5220_data_w: data written outside ws, status: %02x!\n", m_rs_ws); } } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_status_r -- read status or data from the sound chip ***********************************************************************************************/ uint8_t tms5220_device::read_status() { // prevent debugger from changing the internal state if (!machine().side_effects_disabled()) m_stream->update(); /* bring up to date first */ if (!m_true_timing) { // prevent debugger from changing the internal state if (machine().side_effects_disabled()) return status_read(false); return status_read(true); } else { /* actually in a read ? */ if (m_rs_ws == 0x01) return m_read_latch; else LOGMASKED(LOG_RS_WS, "tms5220_status_r: data read outside rs!\n"); return 0xff; // m_write_latch; // TODO: return open bus? } } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_ready_r -- return the not ready status from the sound chip ***********************************************************************************************/ READ_LINE_MEMBER( tms5220_device::readyq_r ) { // prevent debugger from changing the internal state if (!machine().side_effects_disabled()) m_stream->update(); /* bring up to date first */ return !ready_read(); } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_int_r -- return the int status from the sound chip ***********************************************************************************************/ READ_LINE_MEMBER( tms5220_device::intq_r ) { // prevent debugger from changing the internal state if (!machine().side_effects_disabled()) m_stream->update(); /* bring up to date first */ return !int_read(); } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_update -- update the sound chip so that it is in sync with CPU execution ***********************************************************************************************/ //------------------------------------------------- // sound_stream_update - handle a stream update //------------------------------------------------- void tms5220_device::sound_stream_update(sound_stream &stream, stream_sample_t **inputs, stream_sample_t **outputs, int samples) { int16_t sample_data[MAX_SAMPLE_CHUNK]; stream_sample_t *buffer = outputs[0]; /* loop while we still have samples to generate */ while (samples) { int length = (samples > MAX_SAMPLE_CHUNK) ? MAX_SAMPLE_CHUNK : samples; int index; /* generate the samples and copy to the target buffer */ process(sample_data, length); for (index = 0; index < length; index++) *buffer++ = sample_data[index]; /* account for the samples */ samples -= length; } } /********************************************************************************************** tms5220_set_frequency -- adjusts the playback frequency ***********************************************************************************************/ void tms5220_device::device_clock_changed() { m_stream->set_sample_rate(clock() / 80); } DEFINE_DEVICE_TYPE(TMS5220C, tms5220c_device, "tms5220c", "TMS5220C") DEFINE_DEVICE_TYPE(TMS5220, tms5220_device, "tms5220", "TMS5220") DEFINE_DEVICE_TYPE(CD2501E, cd2501e_device, "cd2501e", "CD2501E") DEFINE_DEVICE_TYPE(TMS5200, tms5200_device, "tms5200", "TMS5200") DEFINE_DEVICE_TYPE(CD2501ECD, cd2501ecd_device, "cd2501ecd", "CD2501ECD") tms5220c_device::tms5220c_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock) : tms5220_device(mconfig, TMS5220C, tag, owner, clock, TMS5220_IS_5220C) { } tms5220_device::tms5220_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock) : tms5220_device(mconfig, TMS5220, tag, owner, clock, TMS5220_IS_5220) { } tms5220_device::tms5220_device(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock, int variant) : device_t(mconfig, type, tag, owner, clock) , device_sound_interface(mconfig, *this) , m_variant(variant) , m_irq_handler(*this) , m_readyq_handler(*this) , m_speechrom_tag(nullptr) , m_m0_cb(*this) , m_m1_cb(*this) , m_addr_cb(*this) , m_data_cb(*this) , m_romclk_cb(*this) { } cd2501e_device::cd2501e_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock) : tms5220_device(mconfig, CD2501E, tag, owner, clock, TMS5220_IS_CD2501E) { } tms5200_device::tms5200_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock) : tms5220_device(mconfig, TMS5200, tag, owner, clock, TMS5220_IS_5200) { } cd2501ecd_device::cd2501ecd_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, uint32_t clock) : tms5220_device(mconfig, CD2501ECD, tag, owner, clock, TMS5220_IS_CD2501ECD) { }