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Diffstat (limited to 'src/mame/machine/fd1094.c')
-rw-r--r--src/mame/machine/fd1094.c843
1 files changed, 843 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/mame/machine/fd1094.c b/src/mame/machine/fd1094.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58bb7c07c6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mame/machine/fd1094.c
@@ -0,0 +1,843 @@
+/*****************************************************************************
+
+FD1094 encryption
+
+
+The FD1094 is a custom CPU based on the 68000, which runs encrypted code.
+The decryption key is stored in 8KB of battery-backed RAM; when the battery
+dies, the CPU can no longer decrypt the program code and the game stops
+working (though the CPU itself still works - it just uses a wrong decryption
+key).
+
+Being a 68000, the encryption works on 16-bit words. Only words fetched from
+program space are decrypted; words fetched from data space are not affected.
+
+The decryption can logically be split in two parts. The first part consists
+of a series of conditional XORs and bitswaps, controlled by the decryption
+key, which will be described in the next paragraph. The second part does a
+couple more XORs which don't depend on the key, followed by the replacement
+of several values with FFFF. This last step is done to prevent usage of any
+PC-relative opcode, which would easily allow an intruder to dump decrypted
+values from program space. The FFFF replacement may affect either ~300 values
+or ~5000, depending on the decryption key.
+
+The main part of the decryption can itself be subdivided in four consecutive
+steps. The first one is executed only if bit 15 of the encrypted value is 1;
+the second one only if bit 14 of the _current_ value is 1; the third one only
+if bit 13 of the current value is 1; the fourth one is always executed. The
+first three steps consist of a few conditional XORs and a final conditional
+bitswap; the fourth one consists of a fixed XOR and a few conditional
+bitswaps. There is, however, a special case: if bits 15, 14 and 13 of the
+encrypted value are all 0, none of the above steps are executed, replaced by
+a single fixed bitswap.
+
+In the end, the decryption of a value at a given address is controlled by 32
+boolean variables; 8 of them change at every address (repeating after 0x2000
+words), and constitute the main key which is stored in the battery-backed
+RAM; the other 24 don't change with the address, and depend solely on bytes
+1, 2, and 3 of the battery-backed RAM, modified by the "state" which the CPU
+is in.
+
+The CPU can be in one of 256 possible states. The 8 bits of the state modify
+the 24 bits of the global key in a fixed way, which isn't affected by the
+battery-backed RAM.
+On reset, the CPU goes in state 0x00. The state can then be modified by the
+program, executing the instruction
+CMPI.L #$00xxFFFF, D0
+where xx is the state.
+When an interrupt happens, the CPU enters "irq mode", forcing a specific
+state, which is stored in byte 0 of the battery-backed RAM. Irq mode can also
+be selected by the program with the instruction
+CMPI.L #$0200FFFF, D0
+When RTE is executed, the CPU leaves irq mode, restoring the previous state.
+This can also be done by the program with the instruction
+CMPI.L #$0300FFFF, D0
+
+Since bytes 0-3 of the battery-backed RAM are used to store the irq state and
+the global key, they have a double use: this one, and the normal 8-bit key
+that changes at every address. To prevent that double use, the CPU fetches
+the 8-bit key from a different place when decrypting words 0-3, but this only
+happens after wrapping around at least once; when decrypting the first four
+words of memory, which correspond the the initial SP and initial PC vectors,
+the 8-bit key is taken from bytes 0-3 of RAM. Instead, when fetching the
+vectors, the global key is handled differently, to prevent double use of
+those bytes. But this special handling of the global key doesn't apply to
+normal operations: reading words 1-3 from program space results in bytes 1-3
+of RAM being used both for the 8-bit key and for the 24-bit global key.
+
+
+
+There is still uncertainty about the assignment of two global key bits.
+
+key[1]
+------
+key_0b invert; \ bits 7,5 always 1 for now (but 0 in a bad CPU)
+global_xor0; /
+key_5b invert; bit 6
+key_2b invert; bit 4
+key_1b invert; bit 3 always 1 for now (but 0 in a bad CPU)
+global_xor1; bit 2
+key_0c invert; bit 1
+global_swap2; bit 0
+
+key[2]
+------
+key_1a invert; bit 7 always 1 for now (but 0 in a bad CPU)
+key_6b invert; bit 6 always 1 for now (but 0 in a bad CPU)
+global_swap0a; bit 5
+key_7a invert; bit 4
+key_4a invert; bit 3
+global_swap0b; bit 2
+key_6a invert; bit 1
+key_3a invert; bit 0
+
+key[3]
+------
+key_2a invert; bit 7 always 1 for now (but 0 in a bad CPU)
+global_swap3; bit 6 always 1 for now (but 0 in a bad CPU)
+key_5a_invert; bit 5
+global_swap1; bit 4
+key_3b invert; bit 3
+global_swap4; bit 2
+key_0a invert; bit 1
+key_4b invert; bit 0
+
+
+Analysis of the data contained in the 8k key data indicates some regularities.
+To begin with, in all the keys seen so far, bit 7 ($80) in key values at
+addresses $0004-$0FFF is always set to 1. Similarly, bit 6 ($40) in key values
+at addresses $1000-$1FFF is always set to 1.
+
+Even more interesting, however, is that analyzing the low 6 bits of the key
+data reveals that a simple linear congruential generator has been used
+consistently to generate the key bits. The LCG is of the form:
+
+ temp = A * val;
+ val' = temp + (temp << 16);
+
+and it appears to be calculated to at least 22 bits. In all cases seen so far,
+the value of 'A' is fixed at $29. To generate the low 6 bits of the key, the
+result of the LCG is shifted right 16 bits and inverted.
+
+The following pseudo-code will generate 7 of the 8 bits of the key data
+successfully for all known keys, given the values of the 'shift' and 'B'
+parameters, as well as an initial 'seed' for the generator:
+
+void genkey(UINT32 seed, UINT8 *output)
+{
+ int bytenum;
+
+ for (bytenum = 4; bytenum < 8192; bytenum++)
+ {
+ UINT8 byteval;
+
+ seed = seed * 0x29;
+ seed += seed << 16;
+
+ byteval = (~seed >> 16) & 0x3f;
+ byteval |= (bytenum < 0x1000) ? 0x80 : 0x40;
+
+ output[bytenum] = byteval;
+ }
+}
+
+This only leaves one bit per key value (and the global key) left to determine.
+It is worth pointing out that this remaining bit is the same bit that controls
+how many opcodes to blank to $FFFF: 0 means a smaller subset (~300), while 1
+indicates a much larger subset (~5000). Looking at the correlations between
+where the key has this bit set to 0, and the presence of opcodes that would
+be blanked as a result, seems to imply that the key is generated based on the
+plaintext. That is, this final bit is set to 1 by default (hence blanking
+more aggressively), and cleared to 0 if any plaintext words affected by the
+byte in question would be incorrectly blanked.
+
+
+When the keys were generated, the LCG seed wasn't input directly. Instead,
+another value was entered, which in most cases was derived from the current
+date/time. The LCG seed is obtained from that value via a multiplication.
+The current date/time was also used in most cases to select the three bytes of
+the global key. Interestingly, the global key must be inverted and read in
+decimal representation to see this, while the seed must be read in hexadecimal
+representation.
+
+For some reason, bit 3 of the first byte of the global key was always set to 1
+regardless of the value input into the key generator program, so e.g. the
+input "88 01 23" would become "80 01 23".
+
+The very first byte of internal RAM, which indicates the IRQ state, doesn't
+seem to follow the same procedure. The IRQ state was probably decided at an
+earlier time, not during the final key generation.
+
+
+summary:
+--------
+
+ +------------------------------------------------- 317- part #
+ | +----------------------------------------- IRQ state (hex)
+ | | +----------------------------------- global key (inverted, dec)
+ | | | +-------------------------- main key seed (hex) (LCG seed = seed * 0x2F1E21)
+ | | | | +----------------- game
+ | | | | | +---------- year
+ | | | | | | +- inferred key generation date
+ | | | | | | |
+-------- -- -------- ------ -------- ---- --------------------------
+0041 12 87 06 19 895963 bullet 1987 87/06/19 (atypical)
+0045 34 97 02 39 384694 suprleag 1987 (atypical)
+0049 F1 87 10 28 8932F7 shinobi2 1987 87/10/28 (atypical)
+0050 F1 87 10 28 8932F7 shinobi1 1987 87/10/28 (atypical)
+0053 00 00 00 00 020000 sonicbom 1987 atypical
+0056 CD 80 01 23 032ABC thndrbld 1987 88/01/23 (atypical)
+0059 aceattac 1988
+0060 45 80 03 30 343210 aceattaa 1988 88/03/30 (atypical)
+0065 altbeaj1 1988
+0068 20 80 06 10 880610 altbeaj3 1988 88/06/10
+0070 59 80 08 06 880806 passshtj 1988 88/08/06
+0074 47 80 08 06 880806 passshta 1988 88/08/06
+0071 20 80 08 09 880809 passsht 1988 88/08/09
+0079 98 80 09 05 880906 exctleag 1988 88/09/05-88/09/06 (atypical)
+0080 96 80 08 26 880826 passsht 1988 88/08/26
+0058-02C FF 80 10 07 881007 sspirtfc 1988 88/10/07
+0084 0E 80 10 31 881031 wb31 1988 88/10/31
+0085 26 80 11 08 881108 wb32 1988 88/11/08
+0087 69 80 11 08 881108 wb34 1988 88/11/08
+0089 52 80 11 29 881129 wb33 1988 88/11/29
+0058-03B 71 80 11 25 881125 ggroundj 1988 88/11/25
+0058-03C 04 80 11 27 881127 gground 1988 88/11/27
+0090 AB 80 01 27 247333 wrestwa1 1989 atypical
+0091 68 80 11 27 881127 tetris1 1988 88/11/27
+0092 10 80 11 28 881128 tetris2 1988 88/11/28
+0093 25 80 11 29 881129 tetris 1988 88/11/29
+0093A 35 02 09 17 900209 tetris3 1988 90/02/09
+0096 21 80 11 21 881121 ddux 1988 88/11/21
+0102 AB 80 02 03 04588A wrestwa2 1989 atypical
+0058-04B 27 03 27 14 032714 crkdownj 1989 89/03/27 14:xx
+0058-04C 19 03 27 05 032705 crkdown 1989 89/03/27 05:xx
+0058-04D DC 03 27 06 032706 crkdownu 1989 89/03/27 06:xx
+0110 19 81 03 29 032916 goldnax1 1989 89/03/29 16:xx
+0115 12 04 05 11 040511 bayroutj 1989 89/04/05 11:xx
+0116 11 03 30 09 033009 bayroute 1989 89/03/30 09:xx
+0118 22 81 03 07 030719 toutrun 1989 89/03/07 19:xx
+toutrun2 22 81 03 07 031113 toutrun2 1989 89/03/11 13:xx (atypical)
+0120 0D 81 03 29 032916 goldnax3 1989 89/03/29 16:xx
+0121 35 81 03 29 032916 goldnaxj 1989 89/03/29 16:xx
+0122 03 81 04 04 890404 goldnaxu 1989 89/04/04
+0058-05B 92 81 06 09 890609 sgmastj 1989 89/06/09
+0058-05C 30 81 06 13 890613 sgmastc 1989 89/06/13
+0058-05D sgmast 1989
+0124A 80 06 21 11 890621 smgpj 1989 89/06/21 11:xx
+0125A DE 06 15 16 890615 smgpu 1989 89/06/15 16:xx
+0126 54 05 28 01 890528 smgp5 1989 89/05/28 01:xx
+0126A 74 06 16 15 890616 smgp 1989 89/06/16 15:xx
+0127A 5F 81 07 06 890706 fpoint 1989 89/07/06
+0128 55 00 28 20 890828 eswatj 1989 89/08/28 20:xx
+0129 0A 00 28 20 890828 eswatu 1989 89/08/28 20:xx
+0130 EC 00 28 19 890828 eswat 1989 89/08/28 19:xx
+0134 DE 81 11 30 891130 loffirej 1989 89/11/30
+0135 98 81 11 31 891131 loffireu 1989 89/11/31
+0136 12 81 11 29 891129 loffire 1989 89/11/29
+0139 49 03 25 15 891125 bloxeed 1990 89/11/25 15:xx
+0142 91 01 24 17 900124 mvpj 1989 90/01/24 17:xx
+0143 20 02 02 18 900202 mvp 1989 90/02/02 18:xx
+0144 2E 02 23 18 022318 rachero 1989 90/02/23 18:xx
+0058-06B 88 03 15 09 900315 roughrac 1990 90/03/15 09:xx
+0146 10 04 26 17 900426 astormj 1990 90/04/26 17:xx
+0147 2D 04 14 14 900414 astormu 1990 90/04/14 14:xx
+0148 50 04 26 15 900426 astorm3 1990 90/04/26 15:xx
+0153 FC 04 10 14 900410 pontoon 1990 90/04/10 14:xx
+0157 20 07 20 10 900720 mwalkj 1990 90/07/20 10:xx
+0158 DE 07 15 15 900715 mwalku 1990 90/07/15 15:xx
+0159 39 07 20 10 900720 mwalk 1990 90/07/20 10:xx
+0162 8F 01 14 15 900914 gprider1 1990 90/09/14 15:xx
+0163 99 01 13 15 900913 gprider 1990 90/09/13 15:xx
+5023 EF 04 18 05 900917 ryukyu 1990 90/09/17 12:18? (atypical)
+0165 56 82 11 25 901125 lghostu 1990 90/11/25
+0166 A2 82 11 24 901124 lghost 1990 90/11/24
+0169B 48 06 35 32 901205 abcop 1990 90/12/05 14:35? (atypical)
+0058-08B 4E 04 17 15 910206 qsww 1991 91/02/06 12:17? (atypical)
+0175 91 83 03 22 910322 cltchtrj 1991 91/03/22
+0176 FC 83 03 14 910314 cltchitr 1991 91/03/14
+0179A 73 06 55 17 910318 cottonj 1991 91/03/18 14:55? (atypical)
+0180 73 03 53 00 910403 cottonu 1991 91/04/03 11:53? (atypical)
+0181A 73 06 55 17 910318 cotton 1991 91/03/18 14:55? (atypical)
+0058-09D 91 83 06 26 910618 dcclubfd 1991 91/06/18-91/06/26 (atypical)
+0182 07 07 12 14 921401 ddcrewj 1991 92/07/12 14:01? (atypical)
+0184 07 07 12 16 921622 ddcrew2 1991 92/07/12 16:22? (atypical)
+0186 5F 83 07 01 912030 ddcrewu 1991 92/07/01 20:30? (atypical)
+0190 07 07 17 16 921716 ddcrew 1991 92/07/17 17:16? (atypical)
+ddcrew1 91 84 07 42 910744 ddcrew1 1991 92/07/xx 07:44? (atypical)
+0196 4A 20 12 22 920623 desertbr 1992 92/06/23 20:12? (atypical)
+0197A 3F 84 06 19 920612 wwallyja 1992 92/06/12-92/06/19 (atypical)
+0197B 3F 84 06 19 920612 wwallyj 1992 92/06/12-92/06/19 (atypical)
+
+----
+
+Bad CPUs that gave some more information about the global key:
+
+ global01 global02 global03
+ -------- -------- --------
+ ..... .. ..
+unknown 11111111 11110110 10111110 (Shinobi 16A, part no. unreadable, could be dead)
+unknown 10101011 11111000 11010101 (unknown ddcrewa key)
+dead 00001111 00001111 00001111 (Alien Storm CPU with no battery)
+bad 11100000 10101011 10111001 (flaky 317-0049)
+
+----
+
+Notes:
+
+We start in state 0.
+Vectors are fetched:
+ SP.HI @ $000000 -> mainkey = key[0], globalkey = { $00, $00, $00 }, less aggressive blanking
+ SP.LO @ $000002 -> mainkey = key[1], globalkey = { $00, $00, $00 }, less aggressive blanking
+ PC.HI @ $000004 -> mainkey = key[2], globalkey = { key[1], $00, $00 }
+ PC.LO @ $000006 -> mainkey = key[3], globalkey = { key[1], key[2], $00 }
+
+driver FD1094 SP plain SP enc PC plain PC enc States Used
+-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -----------
+aceattaa 317-0060 00000000 A711AF59 00000400 AF59EADD 00 17 31 45 90 FC
+altbeaj3 317-0068 FFFFFF00 B2F7F299 00000400 CCDDEF58 00 0F 18 20 93 A7 D8
+altbeaj1 317-0065 C9C5F299 CCDDECDD
+bayroute 317-0116 00504000 5EB40000 00001000 5533A184 00 04 11 18
+bayroutj 317-0115 00504000 56150000 00001000 85948DCF 00 05 12 16
+bullet 317-0041 00000000 57355D96 00001882 8DDC8CF4 (deduced, not 100% sure)
+cotton 317-0181a 00204000 5DB20000 00000716 CCDD0716 00 0E 73
+cottonu 317-0180 00204000 5DB20000 00000716 A1840716 00 0E 73
+cottonj 317-0179a 00204000 5DB20000 00000716 CCDD0716 00 0E 73
+ddux 317-0096 00000000 5F94AF59 00000406 AF5987A0 00 21 28 70 D9
+eswat 317-0130 00000000 A711AF59 00000400 5533BC59 00 05 0C EC FA
+eswatu 317-0129 00000000 5537AF59 00000400 55334735 00 0A 12 C3 CC
+eswatj 317-0128 00000000 A711AF59 00000400 55334735 00 63 CB D5
+exctleag 317-0079? 00000000 5537AF59 00000410 83018384 (deduced, not 100% sure)
+fpoint 317-0127A 00000000 AF59AF59 00001A40 8DDC9960 00 15 35 5F 82 DB
+fpoint1 317-0127A 00000000 AF59AF59 00001A40 8DDC9960 00 15 35 5F 82 DB
+goldnaxu 317-0122 FFFFFF00 E53AF2B9 00000400 A184A196 00 03 51 72 99 F6
+goldnaxj 317-0121 FFFFFF00 C9D6F2B9 00000400 AF59A785 00 12 35 58 7A 9E
+goldnax3 317-0120 FFFFFF00 ED62F2B9 00000400 AF59A785 00 0A 0D 44 C7 EF
+goldnax1 317-0110 FFFFFF00 ED62F2B9 00000400 AF59A785 00 19 2E 31 48 5D
+mvp 317-0143 00000000 5F94A711 00000416 BD59DC5B 00 19 20 88 98
+mvpj 317-0142 00000000 5F94AF59 00000416 BD599C7D 00 19 35 91 DA
+passsht 317-0080 00000000 AF59AF59 00003202 C2003923 00 11 52 96 EE
+passshta 317-0074 00000000 AF59AF59 000031E4 C2003F8C 00 12 47 83 A7
+passshtj 317-0070 00000000 5D92AF59 000031E4 C2003F8C 00 12 59 83 FE
+ryukyu 317-5023 00203800 AF49D30B 0000042E FC5863B5 00 DC EF
+shinobi2 317-0049 FFFFFF00 C9C5F25F 00000400 AF598395 00 53 88 9B 9C F1
+sonicbom 317-0053 00000000 5735AF59 00001000 FC587133 00
+suprleag 317-0045? 00000000 A711AF59 BD59CE5B
+tetris2 317-0092 00000000 5735AF59 00000410 AF598685 00 10 52 74 97 FC
+tetris1 317-0091 00000000 5D92AF59 00000410 AF59AE58 99 25 42 5B 68 FC
+wb34 317-0087 FFFFFF7E B2978997 00000500 AF590500 00 11 64 69 82
+wb33 317-0089 FFFFFF7E E5C78997 00000500 AF590500 00 23 40 52 71
+wb32 317-0085 FFFFFF7E B2F78997 00000500 AF590500 00 10 13 26 77
+wrestwa2 317-0102 00000000 5D96AF59 00000414 EE588E5B 00 12 A7 AB CC F9 FC
+wrestwa1 317-0090 00000000 5D96AF59 00000414 8301AE18 00 12 A7 AB CC F9 FC
+
+suprleag pc possibilities:
+ 101E -> follows an RTS
+ 108E -> follows 3 NOPs
+ 11C4
+ 11C8
+ 1212
+ 1214
+ 1218
+ 1282
+ 1284
+ 1288
+ 1342
+ 1416
+ 141C
+ 1486
+ 148C
+ 1606
+ 1E52
+ 1E54
+
+bullet pc possibilities:
+ 0822
+ 0824
+ 0882
+ 0884
+ 0C08
+ 137C
+ 1822
+ 1824
+ 1882
+ 1884
+ 1C08
+
+tetris1:
+ 410: 4ff9 0000 0000 lea $0.l, a7
+ 416: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 41a: 0c80 005b ffff cmpi.l #$5bffff, d0
+
+ 400: 4e71 nop
+ 402: 4e73 rte
+
+tetris2:
+ 410: 4ff9 0000 0000 lea $0.l, a7
+ 416: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 41a: 0c80 0052 ffff cmpi.l #$52ffff, d0
+
+ 400: 4e71 nop
+ 402: 4e73 rte
+
+wrestwa1:
+ 414: 4ff8 0000 lea $0.w, a7
+ 418: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 41c: 0c80 00fc ffff cmpi.l #$fcffff, d0
+
+mvp:
+ 416: 4ff8 0000 lea $0.w, a7
+ 41a: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 41e: 7000 moveq #0, d0
+ 420: 2200 move.l d0, d1
+ ...
+ 42c: 2e00 move.l d0, d7
+ 42e: 2040 movea.l d0, a0
+ ...
+ 43a: 2c40 movea.l d0, a6
+ 43c: 0c80 0098 ffff cmpi.l #$98ffff, d0
+
+wb34:
+ 500: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 504: 0c80 0064 ffff cmpi.l #$64ffff, d0
+
+goldnaxu:
+ 400: 6000 000c bra $40e
+ 40e: 4ff8 ff00 lea $ff00.w, a7
+ 412: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 416: 0c80 0072 ffff cmpi.l #$72ffff, d0
+
+ryukyu:
+ 42e: 4e71 nop
+ ...
+ 440: 0c80 00dc ffff cmpi.l #$dcffff, d0
+
+eswat:
+ 400: 4ff8 0000 lea $0.w, a7
+ 404: 46fc 2700 move #$2700, sr
+ 408: 0c80 000c ffff cmpi.l #$cffff, d0
+
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include "driver.h"
+#include "fd1094.h"
+
+
+/*
+317-0162 CPU also needs to mask:
+0x107a,
+0x127a,
+0x147a,
+0x167a,
+0x187a,
+0x1a7a,
+0x1c7a,
+0x1e7a,
+this only happens with 317-0162 so far; I assume it is a fault in the CPU.
+*/
+static const UINT16 masked_opcodes[] =
+{
+ 0x013a,0x033a,0x053a,0x073a,0x083a,0x093a,0x0b3a,0x0d3a,0x0f3a,
+
+ 0x103a, 0x10ba,0x10fa, 0x113a,0x117a,0x11ba,0x11fa,
+ 0x123a, 0x12ba,0x12fa, 0x133a,0x137a,0x13ba,0x13fa,
+ 0x143a, 0x14ba,0x14fa, 0x153a,0x157a,0x15ba,
+ 0x163a, 0x16ba,0x16fa, 0x173a,0x177a,0x17ba,
+ 0x183a, 0x18ba,0x18fa, 0x193a,0x197a,0x19ba,
+ 0x1a3a, 0x1aba,0x1afa, 0x1b3a,0x1b7a,0x1bba,
+ 0x1c3a, 0x1cba,0x1cfa, 0x1d3a,0x1d7a,0x1dba,
+ 0x1e3a, 0x1eba,0x1efa, 0x1f3a,0x1f7a,0x1fba,
+
+ 0x203a,0x207a,0x20ba,0x20fa, 0x213a,0x217a,0x21ba,0x21fa,
+ 0x223a,0x227a,0x22ba,0x22fa, 0x233a,0x237a,0x23ba,0x23fa,
+ 0x243a,0x247a,0x24ba,0x24fa, 0x253a,0x257a,0x25ba,
+ 0x263a,0x267a,0x26ba,0x26fa, 0x273a,0x277a,0x27ba,
+ 0x283a,0x287a,0x28ba,0x28fa, 0x293a,0x297a,0x29ba,
+ 0x2a3a,0x2a7a,0x2aba,0x2afa, 0x2b3a,0x2b7a,0x2bba,
+ 0x2c3a,0x2c7a,0x2cba,0x2cfa, 0x2d3a,0x2d7a,0x2dba,
+ 0x2e3a,0x2e7a,0x2eba,0x2efa, 0x2f3a,0x2f7a,0x2fba,
+
+ 0x303a,0x307a,0x30ba,0x30fa, 0x313a,0x317a,0x31ba,0x31fa,
+ 0x323a,0x327a,0x32ba,0x32fa, 0x333a,0x337a,0x33ba,0x33fa,
+ 0x343a,0x347a,0x34ba,0x34fa, 0x353a,0x357a,0x35ba,
+ 0x363a,0x367a,0x36ba,0x36fa, 0x373a,0x377a,0x37ba,
+ 0x383a,0x387a,0x38ba,0x38fa, 0x393a,0x397a,0x39ba,
+ 0x3a3a,0x3a7a,0x3aba,0x3afa, 0x3b3a,0x3b7a,0x3bba,
+ 0x3c3a,0x3c7a,0x3cba,0x3cfa, 0x3d3a,0x3d7a,0x3dba,
+ 0x3e3a,0x3e7a,0x3eba,0x3efa, 0x3f3a,0x3f7a,0x3fba,
+
+ 0x41ba,0x43ba,0x44fa,0x45ba,0x46fa,0x47ba,0x49ba,0x4bba,0x4cba,0x4cfa,0x4dba,0x4fba,
+
+ 0x803a,0x807a,0x80ba,0x80fa, 0x81fa,
+ 0x823a,0x827a,0x82ba,0x82fa, 0x83fa,
+ 0x843a,0x847a,0x84ba,0x84fa, 0x85fa,
+ 0x863a,0x867a,0x86ba,0x86fa, 0x87fa,
+ 0x883a,0x887a,0x88ba,0x88fa, 0x89fa,
+ 0x8a3a,0x8a7a,0x8aba,0x8afa, 0x8bfa,
+ 0x8c3a,0x8c7a,0x8cba,0x8cfa, 0x8dfa,
+ 0x8e3a,0x8e7a,0x8eba,0x8efa, 0x8ffa,
+
+ 0x903a,0x907a,0x90ba,0x90fa, 0x91fa,
+ 0x923a,0x927a,0x92ba,0x92fa, 0x93fa,
+ 0x943a,0x947a,0x94ba,0x94fa, 0x95fa,
+ 0x963a,0x967a,0x96ba,0x96fa, 0x97fa,
+ 0x983a,0x987a,0x98ba,0x98fa, 0x99fa,
+ 0x9a3a,0x9a7a,0x9aba,0x9afa, 0x9bfa,
+ 0x9c3a,0x9c7a,0x9cba,0x9cfa, 0x9dfa,
+ 0x9e3a,0x9e7a,0x9eba,0x9efa, 0x9ffa,
+
+ 0xb03a,0xb07a,0xb0ba,0xb0fa, 0xb1fa,
+ 0xb23a,0xb27a,0xb2ba,0xb2fa, 0xb3fa,
+ 0xb43a,0xb47a,0xb4ba,0xb4fa, 0xb5fa,
+ 0xb63a,0xb67a,0xb6ba,0xb6fa, 0xb7fa,
+ 0xb83a,0xb87a,0xb8ba,0xb8fa, 0xb9fa,
+ 0xba3a,0xba7a,0xbaba,0xbafa, 0xbbfa,
+ 0xbc3a,0xbc7a,0xbcba,0xbcfa, 0xbdfa,
+ 0xbe3a,0xbe7a,0xbeba,0xbefa, 0xbffa,
+
+ 0xc03a,0xc07a,0xc0ba,0xc0fa, 0xc1fa,
+ 0xc23a,0xc27a,0xc2ba,0xc2fa, 0xc3fa,
+ 0xc43a,0xc47a,0xc4ba,0xc4fa, 0xc5fa,
+ 0xc63a,0xc67a,0xc6ba,0xc6fa, 0xc7fa,
+ 0xc83a,0xc87a,0xc8ba,0xc8fa, 0xc9fa,
+ 0xca3a,0xca7a,0xcaba,0xcafa, 0xcbfa,
+ 0xcc3a,0xcc7a,0xccba,0xccfa, 0xcdfa,
+ 0xce3a,0xce7a,0xceba,0xcefa, 0xcffa,
+
+ 0xd03a,0xd07a,0xd0ba,0xd0fa, 0xd1fa,
+ 0xd23a,0xd27a,0xd2ba,0xd2fa, 0xd3fa,
+ 0xd43a,0xd47a,0xd4ba,0xd4fa, 0xd5fa,
+ 0xd63a,0xd67a,0xd6ba,0xd6fa, 0xd7fa,
+ 0xd83a,0xd87a,0xd8ba,0xd8fa, 0xd9fa,
+ 0xda3a,0xda7a,0xdaba,0xdafa, 0xdbfa,
+ 0xdc3a,0xdc7a,0xdcba,0xdcfa, 0xddfa,
+ 0xde3a,0xde7a,0xdeba,0xdefa, 0xdffa
+};
+
+static UINT8 masked_opcodes_lookup[2][65536/8/2];
+static UINT8 masked_opcodes_created = FALSE;
+
+static int final_decrypt(int i,int moreffff)
+{
+ int j;
+
+ /* final "obfuscation": invert bits 7 and 14 following a fixed pattern */
+ int dec = i;
+ if ((i & 0xf080) == 0x8000) dec ^= 0x0080;
+ if ((i & 0xf080) == 0xc080) dec ^= 0x0080;
+ if ((i & 0xb080) == 0x8000) dec ^= 0x4000;
+ if ((i & 0xb100) == 0x0000) dec ^= 0x4000;
+
+ /* mask out opcodes doing PC-relative addressing, replace them with FFFF */
+ if (!masked_opcodes_created)
+ {
+ masked_opcodes_created = TRUE;
+ for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_LENGTH(masked_opcodes); j++)
+ {
+ UINT16 opcode = masked_opcodes[j];
+ masked_opcodes_lookup[0][opcode >> 4] |= 1 << ((opcode >> 1) & 7);
+ masked_opcodes_lookup[1][opcode >> 4] |= 1 << ((opcode >> 1) & 7);
+ }
+ for (j = 0; j < 65536; j += 2)
+ {
+ if ((j & 0xff80) == 0x4e80 || (j & 0xf0f8) == 0x50c8 || (j & 0xf000) == 0x6000)
+ masked_opcodes_lookup[1][j >> 4] |= 1 << ((j >> 1) & 7);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if ((masked_opcodes_lookup[moreffff][dec >> 4] >> ((dec >> 1) & 7)) & 1)
+ dec = -1;
+
+ return dec;
+}
+
+
+/* note: address is the word offset (physical address / 2) */
+static int decode(int address,int val,UINT8 *main_key,int gkey1,int gkey2,int gkey3,int vector_fetch)
+{
+ int mainkey,key_F,key_6a,key_7a,key_6b;
+ int key_0a,key_0b,key_0c;
+ int key_1a,key_1b,key_2a,key_2b,key_3a,key_3b,key_4a,key_4b,key_5a,key_5b;
+ int global_xor0,global_xor1;
+ int global_swap0a,global_swap1,global_swap2,global_swap3,global_swap4;
+ int global_swap0b;
+
+
+ /* for address xx0000-xx0006 (but only if >= 000008), use key xx2000-xx2006 */
+ if ((address & 0x0ffc) == 0 && address >= 4)
+ mainkey = main_key[(address & 0x1fff) | 0x1000];
+ else
+ mainkey = main_key[address & 0x1fff];
+
+ if (address & 0x1000) key_F = BIT(mainkey,7);
+ else key_F = BIT(mainkey,6);
+
+ /* the CPU has been verified to produce different results when fetching opcodes
+ from 0000-0006 than when fetching the inital SP and PC on reset. */
+ if (vector_fetch)
+ {
+ if (address <= 3) gkey3 = 0x00; // supposed to always be the case
+ if (address <= 2) gkey2 = 0x00;
+ if (address <= 1) gkey1 = 0x00;
+ if (address <= 1) key_F = 0;
+ }
+
+ global_xor0 = 1^BIT(gkey1,5);
+ global_xor1 = 1^BIT(gkey1,2);
+ global_swap2 = 1^BIT(gkey1,0);
+
+ global_swap0a = 1^BIT(gkey2,5);
+ global_swap0b = 1^BIT(gkey2,2);
+
+ global_swap3 = 1^BIT(gkey3,6);
+ global_swap1 = 1^BIT(gkey3,4);
+ global_swap4 = 1^BIT(gkey3,2);
+
+ key_0a = BIT(mainkey,0) ^ BIT(gkey3,1);
+ key_0b = BIT(mainkey,0) ^ BIT(gkey1,7);
+ key_0c = BIT(mainkey,0) ^ BIT(gkey1,1);
+
+ key_1a = BIT(mainkey,1) ^ BIT(gkey2,7);
+ key_1b = BIT(mainkey,1) ^ BIT(gkey1,3);
+
+ key_2a = BIT(mainkey,2) ^ BIT(gkey3,7);
+ key_2b = BIT(mainkey,2) ^ BIT(gkey1,4);
+
+ key_3a = BIT(mainkey,3) ^ BIT(gkey2,0);
+ key_3b = BIT(mainkey,3) ^ BIT(gkey3,3);
+
+ key_4a = BIT(mainkey,4) ^ BIT(gkey2,3);
+ key_4b = BIT(mainkey,4) ^ BIT(gkey3,0);
+
+ key_5a = BIT(mainkey,5) ^ BIT(gkey3,5);
+ key_5b = BIT(mainkey,5) ^ BIT(gkey1,6);
+
+ key_6a = BIT(mainkey,6) ^ BIT(gkey2,1);
+ key_6b = BIT(mainkey,6) ^ BIT(gkey2,6);
+
+ key_7a = BIT(mainkey,7) ^ BIT(gkey2,4);
+
+
+ if ((val & 0xe000) == 0x0000)
+ val = BITSWAP16(val, 12,15,14,13,11,10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0);
+ else
+ {
+ if (val & 0x8000)
+ {
+ if (!global_xor1) if (~val & 0x0008) val ^= 0x2410; // 13,10,4
+ if (~val & 0x0004) val ^= 0x0022; // 5,1
+ if (!key_1b) if (~val & 0x1000) val ^= 0x0848; // 11,6,3
+ if (!global_swap2) if (!key_0c) val ^= 0x4101; // 14,8,0
+ if (!key_2b) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,13, 9,11,10,12, 8, 2, 6, 5, 4, 3, 7, 1, 0); // 12,9,7,2
+
+ val = 0x6561 ^ BITSWAP16(val, 15, 9,10,13, 3,12, 0,14, 6, 5, 2,11, 8, 1, 4, 7);
+ }
+ if (val & 0x4000)
+ {
+ if (!global_xor0) if (val & 0x0800) val ^= 0x9048; // 15,12,6,3
+ if (!key_3a) if (val & 0x0004) val ^= 0x0202; // 9,1
+ if (!key_6a) if (val & 0x0400) val ^= 0x0004; // 2
+ if (!key_5b) if (!key_0b) val ^= 0x08a1; // 11,7,5,0
+ if (!global_swap0b) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,10,12,11,13, 9, 4, 7, 6, 5, 8, 3, 2, 1, 0); // 13,10,8,4
+
+ val = 0x3523 ^ BITSWAP16(val, 13,14, 7, 0, 8, 6, 4, 2, 1,15, 3,11,12,10, 5, 9);
+ }
+ if (val & 0x2000)
+ {
+ if (!key_4a) if (val & 0x0100) val ^= 0x4210; // 14,9,4
+ if (!key_1a) if (val & 0x0040) val ^= 0x0080; // 7
+ if (!key_7a) if (val & 0x0001) val ^= 0x110a; // 12,8,3,1
+ if (!key_4b) if (!key_0a) val ^= 0x0040; // 6
+ if (!global_swap0a) if (!key_6b) val ^= 0x0404; // 10,2
+ if (!key_5b) val = BITSWAP16(val, 0,14,13,12,15,10, 9, 8, 7, 6,11, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5); // 15,11,5,0
+
+ val = 0x99a5 ^ BITSWAP16(val, 10, 2,13, 7, 8, 0, 3,14, 6,15, 1,11, 9, 4, 5,12);
+ }
+
+ val = 0x87ff ^ BITSWAP16(val, 5,15,13,14, 6, 0, 9,10, 4,11, 1, 2,12, 3, 7, 8);
+
+ if (!global_swap4) val = BITSWAP16(val, 6,14,13,12,11,10, 9, 5, 7,15, 8, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0); // 15-6, 8-5
+ if (!global_swap3) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,12,14,13,11,10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0); // 12-13-14
+ if (!global_swap2) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,13,12,11, 2, 9, 8,10, 6, 5, 4, 3, 0, 1, 7); // 10-2-0-7
+ if (!key_3b) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,13,12,11,10, 4, 8, 7, 6, 5, 9, 1, 2, 3, 0); // 9-4, 3-1
+
+ if (!key_2a) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,12,13,14,11,10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0); // 14-12
+ if (!global_swap1) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,13,12, 9, 8,11,10, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0); // 11...8
+ if (!key_5a) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,13,12,11,10, 9, 8, 4, 5, 7, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0); // 7...4
+ if (!global_swap0a) val = BITSWAP16(val, 15,14,13,12,11,10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 2, 1); // 3...0
+ }
+
+ return final_decrypt(val,key_F);
+}
+
+
+static int global_key1,global_key2,global_key3;
+
+int fd1094_decode(int address,int val,UINT8 *key,int vector_fetch)
+{
+ if (!key) return 0;
+
+ return decode(address,val,key,global_key1,global_key2,global_key3,vector_fetch);
+}
+
+int fd1094_set_state(UINT8 *key,int state)
+{
+ static int selected_state,irq_mode;
+
+ if (!key) return 0;
+
+ if (state == -1)
+ state = selected_state;
+
+ switch (state & 0x300)
+ {
+ case 0x0000: // 0x00xx: select state xx
+ selected_state = state & 0xff;
+ break;
+
+ case FD1094_STATE_RESET: // 0x01xx: select state xx and exit irq mode
+ selected_state = state & 0xff;
+ irq_mode = 0;
+ break;
+
+ case FD1094_STATE_IRQ: // 0x02xx: enter irq mode
+ irq_mode = 1;
+ break;
+
+ case FD1094_STATE_RTE: // 0x03xx: exit irq mode
+ irq_mode = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (irq_mode)
+ state = key[0];
+ else
+ state = selected_state;
+
+ global_key1 = key[1];
+ global_key2 = key[2];
+ global_key3 = key[3];
+
+ if (state & 0x0001)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x04; // global_xor1
+ global_key2 ^= 0x80; // key_1a invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x80; // key_2a invert
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0002)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x01; // global_swap2
+ global_key2 ^= 0x10; // key_7a invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x01; // key_4b invert
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0004)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x80; // key_0b invert
+ global_key2 ^= 0x40; // key_6b invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x04; // global_swap4
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0008)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x20; // global_xor0
+ global_key2 ^= 0x02; // key_6a invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x20; // key_5a invert
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0010)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x02; // key_0c invert
+ global_key1 ^= 0x40; // key_5b invert
+ global_key2 ^= 0x08; // key_4a invert
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0020)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x08; // key_1b invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x08; // key_3b invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x10; // global_swap1
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0040)
+ {
+ global_key1 ^= 0x10; // key_2b invert
+ global_key2 ^= 0x20; // global_swap0a
+ global_key2 ^= 0x04; // global_swap0b
+ }
+ if (state & 0x0080)
+ {
+ global_key2 ^= 0x01; // key_3a invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x02; // key_0a invert
+ global_key3 ^= 0x40; // global_swap3
+ }
+ return (state & 0xff) | (irq_mode ? FD1094_STATE_IRQ : FD1094_STATE_RESET);
+}
+
+
+#ifdef MAME_DEBUG
+
+/*
+
+// Possible: global=12A8F8E5 seed=0AD691 pc=1882
+// Possible: global=12AAF8E5 seed=0AD691 pc=1882
+// Possible: global=82A8F8EC seed=24921C pc=1882
+// Possible: global=82AAF8EC seed=24921C pc=1882
+// Possible: global=92A8F8EC seed=3D5C17 pc=1882
+// Possible: global=92AAF8EC seed=3D5C17 pc=1882
+static const fd1094_constraint bullet_constraints[] =
+{
+ // main entry point
+ { 0x001882, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x4ff8, 0xffff }, // lea $0.w,a7
+ { 0x001884, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x0000, 0xffff },
+ { 0x001886, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x46fc, 0xffff }, // move #$2700,sr
+ { 0x001888, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x2700, 0xffff },
+ { 0x00188a, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x0c80, 0xffff }, // cmpi.l #$00xxffff,d0
+ { 0x00188c, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x0000, 0xff00 },
+ { 0x00188e, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0xffff, 0xffff },
+
+ // IRQ4 entry point
+ { 0x000418, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x48e7, 0xffff }, // movem.l d0-d7/a0-a6,-(a7)
+ { 0x00041a, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0xfffe, 0xffff },
+
+ // IRQ4 exit points
+ { 0x000612, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x4cdf, 0xffff }, // movem.l (a7)+,d0-d7/a0-a6
+ { 0x000614, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x7fff, 0xffff },
+ { 0x000616, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x4e73, 0xffff }, // rte
+ { 0 }
+};
+
+// Possible: global=FCAFF9F9 seed=177AC6 pc=0400
+static const fd1094_constraint altbeaj1_constraints[] =
+{
+ // main entry point
+ { 0x000400, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x6000, 0xffff }, // bra $40e
+ { 0x000402, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x000c, 0xffff },
+ { 0x00040e, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x4ff8, 0xffff }, // lea $ff00.w,a7
+ { 0x000410, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0xff00, 0xffff },
+ { 0x000412, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x46fc, 0xffff }, // move #$2700,sr
+ { 0x000414, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x2700, 0xffff },
+ { 0x000416, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x0c80, 0xffff }, // cmpi.l #$00xxffff,d0
+ { 0x000418, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0x0000, 0xff00 },
+ { 0x00041a, FD1094_STATE_RESET | 0x00, 0xffff, 0xffff },
+
+ // IRQ4 entry point
+ { 0x000404, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x6000, 0xffff }, // bra $2ac4
+ { 0x000406, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x26be, 0xffff },
+ { 0x002ac4, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x48e7, 0xffff }, // movem.l d0-d7/a0-a6,-(a7)
+ { 0x002ac6, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0xfffe, 0xffff },
+
+ // IRQ4 exit points
+ { 0x002ca4, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x4cdf, 0xffff }, // movem.l (a7)+,d0-d7/a0-a6
+ { 0x002ca6, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x7fff, 0xffff },
+ { 0x002ca8, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x4e73, 0xffff }, // rte
+ { 0x002cc4, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x3f3c, 0xffff }, // move #$2300,-(a7)
+ { 0x002cc6, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x2300, 0xffff },
+ { 0x002cc8, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x4e73, 0xffff }, // rte
+
+ // other IRQ entry points
+ { 0x000408, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x6000, 0xffff }, // bra $40c
+ { 0x00040a, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x0002, 0xffff },
+ { 0x00040c, FD1094_STATE_IRQ | 0x00, 0x4e73, 0xffff }, // rte
+
+ { 0 }
+};
+
+*/
+
+#endif