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-// license:GPL-2.0+
-// copyright-holders:Juergen Buchmueller
-/******************************************************************************
-
- kim1.cpp - KIM-1
-
- LED: six 7-segment LEDs
- left 4 digits (address)
- right 2 digits (data)
- Keyboard: 23 keys and SST switch
- 0-F 16 keys to enter data
- AD address entry mode
- DA data entry mode
- + increment address
- PC recalls address stored in the Program Counter
- RS system reset
- GO execute program
- ST program stop
- SST single step slide switch
-
- How to use cassette:
- 00F1 00 to clear decimal mode
- 17F5-17F6 start address low and high
- 17F7-17F8 end address low and high
- 17F9 2 digit program ID
- 1800 press GO to save tape
- 1873 press GO to load tape
- NOTE: save end address is next address from program end
-
-The cassette interface
-======================
-The KIM-1 stores data on cassette using 2 frequencies: ~3700Hz (high) and ~2400Hz
-(low). A high tone is output for 9 cycles and a low tone for 6 cycles. A logic bit
-is encoded using 3 sequences of high and low tones. It always starts with a high
-tone and ends with a low tone. The middle tone is high for a logic 0 and low for
-0 logic 1.
-
-These high and low tone signals are fed to a circuit containing a LM565 PLL and
-a 311 comparator. For a high tone a 1 is passed to DB7 of 6530-U2 for a low tone
-a 0 is passed. The KIM-1 software measures the time it takes for the signal to
-change from 1 to 0.
-
-Keyboard and Display logic
-==========================
-PA0-PA6 of 6530-U2 are connected to the columns of the keyboard matrix. These
-columns are also connected to segments A-G of the LEDs. PB1-PB3 of 6530-U2 are
-connected to a 74145 BCD which connects outputs 0-2 to the rows of the keyboard
-matrix. Outputs 4-9 of the 74145 are connected to LEDs U18-U23
-
-When a key is pressed the corresponding input to PA0-PA6 is set low and the KIM-1
-software reads this signal. The KIM-1 software sends an output signal to PA0-PA6
-and the corresponding segments of an LED are illuminated.
-
-TODO:
-- LEDs should be dark at startup (RS key to activate)
-- hook up Single Step dip switch
-- slots for expansion & application ports
-- add TTY support
-******************************************************************************/
-
-#include "emu.h"
-#include "includes/kim1.h"
-#include "speaker.h"
-#include "kim1.lh"
-
-//**************************************************************************
-// ADDRESS MAPS
-//**************************************************************************
-
-void kim1_state::kim1_map(address_map &map)
-{
- map(0x0000, 0x03ff).mirror(0xe000).ram();
- map(0x1700, 0x173f).mirror(0xe000).rw("miot_u3", FUNC(mos6530_device::read), FUNC(mos6530_device::write));
- map(0x1740, 0x177f).mirror(0xe000).rw(m_riot2, FUNC(mos6530_device::read), FUNC(mos6530_device::write));
- map(0x1780, 0x17bf).mirror(0xe000).ram();
- map(0x17c0, 0x17ff).mirror(0xe000).ram();
- map(0x1800, 0x1bff).mirror(0xe000).rom();
- map(0x1c00, 0x1fff).mirror(0xe000).rom();
-}
-
-// RS and ST key input
-INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(kim1_state::trigger_reset)
-{
- m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_RESET, newval ? CLEAR_LINE : ASSERT_LINE);
-}
-
-INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(kim1_state::trigger_nmi)
-{
- m_maincpu->set_input_line(INPUT_LINE_NMI, newval ? CLEAR_LINE : ASSERT_LINE);
-}
-
-//**************************************************************************
-// INPUT PORTS
-//**************************************************************************
-
-static INPUT_PORTS_START( kim1 )
- PORT_START("ROW0")
- PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("0") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0) PORT_CHAR('0') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("1") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CHAR('1') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("2") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2) PORT_CHAR('2') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("3") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CHAR('3') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("4") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CHAR('4') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("5") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CHAR('5') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("6") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CHAR('6') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6_PAD)
-
- PORT_START("ROW1")
- PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("7") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CHAR('7') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("8") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CHAR('8') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("9") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9) PORT_CHAR('9') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("A") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A) PORT_CHAR('A')
- PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("B") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B) PORT_CHAR('B')
- PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("C") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C) PORT_CHAR('C')
- PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("D") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D) PORT_CHAR('D')
-
- PORT_START("ROW2")
- PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("E") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E) PORT_CHAR('E')
- PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("F") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F) PORT_CHAR('F')
- PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("AD") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS) PORT_CHAR('-') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("DA") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_EQUALS) PORT_CHAR('=')
- PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("+") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_UP) PORT_CHAR(' ') PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_PLUS_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("GO") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER) PORT_CHAR(13) PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_ENTER_PAD)
- PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("PC") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F6)
-
- PORT_START("SPECIAL")
- PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("sw1: ST") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F7) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, kim1_state, trigger_nmi, 0)
- PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("sw2: RS") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F3) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, kim1_state, trigger_reset, 0)
- PORT_DIPNAME(0x10, 0x10, "sw3: SS") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_NUMLOCK) PORT_TOGGLE
- PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, "single step")
- PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x10, "run")
- PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
- PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
-INPUT_PORTS_END
-
-// Read from keyboard
-READ8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_a )
-{
- uint8_t data = 0xff;
-
- offs_t const sel = ( m_u2_port_b >> 1 ) & 0x0f;
- if ( 3U > sel )
- data = m_row[sel]->read();
-
- return data;
-}
-
-// Write to 7-Segment LEDs
-WRITE8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_a )
-{
- uint8_t idx = ( m_u2_port_b >> 1 ) & 0x0f;
-
- if ( idx >= 4 && idx < 10 )
- {
- if ( data & 0x80 )
- {
- m_digit[idx - 4] = data & 0x7f;
- m_led_time[idx - 4] = 15;
- }
- }
-}
-
-// Load from cassette
-READ8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_b )
-{
- if ( m_riot2->portb_out_get() & 0x20 )
- return 0xFF;
-
- return 0x7F | ( m_311_output ^ 0x80 );
-}
-
-// Save to cassette
-WRITE8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_b )
-{
- m_u2_port_b = data;
-
- if ( data & 0x20 )
- /* cassette write/speaker update */
- m_cass->output(( data & 0x80 ) ? -1.0 : 1.0 );
-
- /* Set IRQ when bit 7 is cleared */
-}
-
-TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_cassette_input)
-{
- double tap_val = m_cass->input();
-
- if ( tap_val <= 0 )
- {
- if ( m_cassette_high_count )
- {
- m_311_output = ( m_cassette_high_count < 8 ) ? 0x80 : 0;
- m_cassette_high_count = 0;
- }
- }
-
- if ( tap_val > 0 )
- m_cassette_high_count++;
-}
-
-// Blank LEDs during cassette operations
-TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_update_leds)
-{
- uint8_t i;
-
- for ( i = 0; i < 6; i++ )
- {
- if ( m_led_time[i] )
- m_led_time[i]--;
- else
- m_digit[i] = 0;
- }
-}
-
-// Register for save states
-void kim1_state::machine_start()
-{
- m_digit.resolve();
-
- save_item(NAME(m_u2_port_b));
- save_item(NAME(m_311_output));
- save_item(NAME(m_cassette_high_count));
-}
-
-void kim1_state::machine_reset()
-{
- uint8_t i;
-
- for ( i = 0; i < 6; i++ )
- m_led_time[i] = 0;
-
- m_311_output = 0;
- m_cassette_high_count = 0;
-}
-
-//**************************************************************************
-// MACHINE DRIVERS
-//**************************************************************************
-
-void kim1_state::kim1(machine_config &config)
-{
- // basic machine hardware
- M6502(config, m_maincpu, 1000000); /* 1 MHz */
- m_maincpu->set_addrmap(AS_PROGRAM, &kim1_state::kim1_map);
- config.set_maximum_quantum(attotime::from_hz(60));
-
- // video hardware
- config.set_default_layout(layout_kim1);
-
- SPEAKER(config, "mono").front_center();
-
- // devices
- MOS6530(config, m_riot2, 1000000);
- m_riot2->in_pa_callback().set(FUNC(kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_a));
- m_riot2->out_pa_callback().set(FUNC(kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_a));
- m_riot2->in_pb_callback().set(FUNC(kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_b));
- m_riot2->out_pb_callback().set(FUNC(kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_b));
-
- MOS6530(config, "miot_u3", 1000000);
-
- CASSETTE(config, m_cass);
- m_cass->set_formats(kim1_cassette_formats);
- m_cass->set_default_state(CASSETTE_STOPPED);
- m_cass->add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 0.05);
- m_cass->set_interface ("kim1_cass");
-
- TIMER(config, "led_timer").configure_periodic(FUNC(kim1_state::kim1_update_leds), attotime::from_hz(60));
- TIMER(config, "cassette_timer").configure_periodic(FUNC(kim1_state::kim1_cassette_input), attotime::from_hz(44100));
-
- // software list
- SOFTWARE_LIST(config, "cass_list").set_original("kim1_cass");
-}
-
-//**************************************************************************
-// ROM DEFINITIONS
-//**************************************************************************
-
-ROM_START(kim1)
- ROM_REGION(0x10000,"maincpu",0)
- ROM_LOAD("6530-003.bin", 0x1800, 0x0400, CRC(a2a56502) SHA1(60b6e48f35fe4899e29166641bac3e81e3b9d220))
- ROM_LOAD("6530-002.bin", 0x1c00, 0x0400, CRC(2b08e923) SHA1(054f7f6989af3a59462ffb0372b6f56f307b5362))
-ROM_END
-
-//**************************************************************************
-// SYSTEM DRIVERS
-//**************************************************************************
-
-// YEAR NAME PARENT COMPAT MACHINE INPUT CLASS INIT COMPANY FULLNAME FLAGS
-COMP( 1975, kim1, 0, 0, kim1, kim1, kim1_state, empty_init, "MOS Technologies", "KIM-1", MACHINE_NO_SOUND_HW | MACHINE_SUPPORTS_SAVE)