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-rw-r--r--src/mame/audio/pleiads.c658
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diff --git a/src/mame/audio/pleiads.c b/src/mame/audio/pleiads.c
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+/****************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Sound hardware for Pleiades, Naughty Boy and Pop Flamer.
+ *
+ * If you find errors or have suggestions, please mail me.
+ * Juergen Buchmueller <pullmoll@t-online.de>
+ *
+ ****************************************************************************/
+#include "driver.h"
+#include "streams.h"
+#include "sound/custom.h"
+#include "sound/tms36xx.h"
+#include "includes/phoenix.h"
+
+#define VMIN 0
+#define VMAX 32767
+
+static sound_stream * channel;
+
+static int sound_latch_a;
+static int sound_latch_b;
+static int sound_latch_c; /* part of the videoreg_w latch */
+
+static UINT32 *poly18 = NULL;
+static int polybit;
+
+/* fixed 8kHz clock */
+#define TONE1_CLOCK 8000
+
+/* some resistor and capacitor dependent values which
+ vary between the (otherwise identical) boards. */
+static double pa5_charge_time;
+static double pa5_discharge_time;
+
+static double pa6_charge_time;
+static double pa6_discharge_time;
+
+static double pb4_charge_time;
+static double pb4_discharge_time;
+
+static double pc4_charge_time;
+static double pc4_discharge_time;
+
+static double pc5_charge_time;
+static double pc5_discharge_time;
+
+static int pa5_resistor;
+static int pc5_resistor;
+
+static int tone2_max_freq;
+static int tone3_max_freq;
+static int tone4_max_freq;
+static int noise_freq;
+static int polybit_resistor;
+static int opamp_resistor;
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ * Tone #1 is a fixed 8 kHz signal divided by 1 to 15.
+ *****************************************************************************/
+INLINE int tone1(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, divisor, output;
+
+ if( (sound_latch_a & 15) != 15 )
+ {
+ counter -= TONE1_CLOCK;
+ while( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ counter += samplerate;
+ if( ++divisor == 16 )
+ {
+ divisor = sound_latch_a & 15;
+ output ^= 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return output ? VMAX : -VMAX;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ * Tones #2 and #3 are coming from the upper 556 chip
+ * It's labelled IC96 in Pop Flamer, 4D(??) in Naughty Boy.
+ * C68 controls the frequencies of tones #2 and #3 (V/C inputs)
+ *****************************************************************************/
+INLINE int update_pb4(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, level;
+
+ /* bit 4 of latch B: charge 10uF (C28/C68) through 10k (R19/R25) */
+ if( sound_latch_b & 0x10 )
+ {
+ if( level < VMAX )
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((VMAX - level) / pb4_charge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level += n) > VMAX )
+ level = VMAX;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if( level > VMIN )
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((level - VMIN) / pb4_discharge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level -= n) < VMIN)
+ level = VMIN;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return level;
+}
+
+INLINE int tone23(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter2, output2, counter3, output3;
+ int level = VMAX - update_pb4(samplerate);
+ int sum = 0;
+
+ /* bit 5 = low: tone23 disabled */
+ if( (sound_latch_b & 0x20) == 0 )
+ return sum;
+
+ /* modulate timers from the upper 556 with the voltage on Cxx on PB4. */
+ if( level < VMAX )
+ {
+ counter2 -= tone2_max_freq * level / 32768;
+ if( counter2 <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter2 / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter2 += n * samplerate;
+ output2 = (output2 + n) & 1;
+ }
+
+ counter3 -= tone3_max_freq*1/3 + tone3_max_freq*2/3 * level / 33768;
+ if( counter3 <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter2 / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter3 += samplerate;
+ output3 = (output3 + n) & 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ sum += (output2) ? VMAX : -VMAX;
+ sum += (output3) ? VMAX : -VMAX;
+
+ return sum / 2;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ * Tone #4 comes from upper half of the lower 556 (IC98 in Pop Flamer)
+ * It's modulated by the voltage at C49, which is then divided between
+ * 0V or 5V, depending on the polynome output bit.
+ * The tone signal gates two signals (bits 5 of latches A and C), but
+ * these are also swept between two levels (C52 and C53 in Pop Flamer).
+ *****************************************************************************/
+INLINE int update_c_pc4(int samplerate)
+{
+ #define PC4_MIN (int)(VMAX * 7 / 50)
+
+ static int counter, level = PC4_MIN;
+
+ /* bit 4 of latch C: (part of videoreg_w) hi? */
+ if (sound_latch_c & 0x10)
+ {
+ if (level < VMAX)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((VMAX - level) / pc4_charge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level += n) > VMAX )
+ level = VMAX;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (level > PC4_MIN)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((level - PC4_MIN) / pc4_discharge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level -= n) < PC4_MIN )
+ level = PC4_MIN;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return level;
+}
+
+INLINE int update_c_pc5(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, level;
+
+ /* bit 5 of latch C: charge or discharge C52 */
+ if (sound_latch_c & 0x20)
+ {
+ if (level < VMAX)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((VMAX - level) / pc5_charge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level += n) > VMAX )
+ level = VMAX;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (level > VMIN)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((level - VMIN) / pc5_discharge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += samplerate;
+ if( (level -= n) < VMIN )
+ level = VMIN;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return level;
+}
+
+INLINE int update_c_pa5(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, level;
+
+ /* bit 5 of latch A: charge or discharge C63 */
+ if (sound_latch_a & 0x20)
+ {
+ if (level < VMAX)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((VMAX - level) / pa5_charge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level += n) > VMAX )
+ level = VMAX;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (level > VMIN)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((level - VMIN) / pa5_discharge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += samplerate;
+ if( (level -= n) < VMIN )
+ level = VMIN;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return level;
+}
+
+INLINE int tone4(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, output;
+ int level = update_c_pc4(samplerate);
+ int vpc5 = update_c_pc5(samplerate);
+ int vpa5 = update_c_pa5(samplerate);
+ int sum;
+
+ /* Two resistors divide the output voltage of the op-amp between
+ * polybit = 0: 0V and level: x * opamp_resistor / (opamp_resistor + polybit_resistor)
+ * polybit = 1: level and 5V: x * polybit_resistor / (opamp_resistor + polybit_resistor)
+ */
+ if (polybit)
+ level = level + (VMAX - level) * opamp_resistor / (opamp_resistor + polybit_resistor);
+ else
+ level = level * polybit_resistor / (opamp_resistor + polybit_resistor);
+
+ counter -= tone4_max_freq * level / 32768;
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ output = (output + n) & 1;
+ }
+
+ /* mix the two signals */
+ sum = vpc5 * pa5_resistor / (pa5_resistor + pc5_resistor) +
+ vpa5 * pc5_resistor / (pa5_resistor + pc5_resistor);
+
+ return (output) ? sum : -sum;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ * Noise comes from a shift register (4006) hooked up just like in Phoenix.
+ * Difference: the clock frequecy is toggled between two values only by
+ * bit 4 of latch A. The output of the first shift register can be zapped(?)
+ * by some control line (IC87 in Pop Flamer: not yet implemented)
+ *****************************************************************************/
+INLINE int update_c_pa6(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, level;
+
+ /* bit 6 of latch A: charge or discharge C63 */
+ if (sound_latch_a & 0x40)
+ {
+ if (level < VMAX)
+ {
+ counter -= (int)((VMAX - level) / pa6_charge_time);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level += n) > VMAX )
+ level = VMAX;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* only discharge of poly bit is active */
+ if (polybit && level > VMIN)
+ {
+ /* discharge 10uF through 10k -> 0.1s */
+ counter -= (int)((level - VMIN) / 0.1);
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ if( (level -= n) < VMIN )
+ level = VMIN;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return level;
+}
+
+
+INLINE int noise(int samplerate)
+{
+ static int counter, polyoffs;
+ int c_pa6_level = update_c_pa6(samplerate);
+ int sum = 0;
+
+ /*
+ * bit 4 of latch A: noise counter rate modulation?
+ * CV2 input of lower 556 is connected via 2k resistor
+ */
+ if ( sound_latch_a & 0x10 )
+ counter -= noise_freq * 2 / 3; /* ????? */
+ else
+ counter -= noise_freq * 1 / 3; /* ????? */
+
+ if( counter <= 0 )
+ {
+ int n = (-counter / samplerate) + 1;
+ counter += n * samplerate;
+ polyoffs = (polyoffs + n) & 0x3ffff;
+ polybit = (poly18[polyoffs>>5] >> (polyoffs & 31)) & 1;
+ }
+
+ /* The polynome output bit is used to gate bits 6 + 7 of
+ * sound latch A through the upper half of a 4066 chip.
+ * Bit 6 is sweeping a capacitor between 0V and 4.7V
+ * while bit 7 is connected directly to the 4066.
+ * Both outputs are then filtered, bit 7 even twice,
+ * but it's beyond me what the filters there are doing...
+ */
+ if (polybit)
+ {
+ sum += c_pa6_level;
+ /* bit 7 is connected directly */
+ if (sound_latch_a & 0x80)
+ sum += VMAX;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ sum -= c_pa6_level;
+ /* bit 7 is connected directly */
+ if (sound_latch_a & 0x80)
+ sum -= VMAX;
+ }
+
+ return sum / 2;
+}
+
+static void pleiads_sound_update(void *param, stream_sample_t **inputs, stream_sample_t **outputs, int length)
+{
+ int rate = Machine->sample_rate;
+ stream_sample_t *buffer = outputs[0];
+
+ while( length-- > 0 )
+ {
+ int sum = tone1(rate)/2 + tone23(rate)/2 + tone4(rate) + noise(rate);
+ *buffer++ = sum < 32768 ? sum > -32768 ? sum : -32768 : 32767;
+ }
+}
+
+WRITE8_HANDLER( pleiads_sound_control_a_w )
+{
+ if (data == sound_latch_a)
+ return;
+
+ logerror("pleiads_sound_control_b_w $%02x\n", data);
+
+ stream_update(channel);
+ sound_latch_a = data;
+}
+
+WRITE8_HANDLER( pleiads_sound_control_b_w )
+{
+ /*
+ * pitch selects one of 4 possible clock inputs
+ * (actually 3, because IC2 and IC3 are tied together)
+ * write note value to TMS3615; voice b1 & b2
+ */
+ int note = data & 15;
+ int pitch = (data >> 6) & 3;
+
+ if (data == sound_latch_b)
+ return;
+
+ logerror("pleiads_sound_control_b_w $%02x\n", data);
+
+ if (pitch == 3)
+ pitch = 2; /* 2 and 3 are the same */
+
+ tms36xx_note_w(0, pitch, note);
+
+ stream_update(channel);
+ sound_latch_b = data;
+}
+
+/* two bits (4 + 5) from the videoreg_w latch go here */
+WRITE8_HANDLER( pleiads_sound_control_c_w )
+{
+ if (data == sound_latch_c)
+ return;
+
+ logerror("pleiads_sound_control_c_w $%02x\n", data);
+ stream_update(channel);
+ sound_latch_c = data;
+}
+
+static void *common_sh_start(const struct CustomSound_interface *config, const char *name)
+{
+ int i, j;
+ UINT32 shiftreg;
+
+ poly18 = (UINT32 *)auto_malloc((1ul << (18-5)) * sizeof(UINT32));
+
+ shiftreg = 0;
+ for( i = 0; i < (1ul << (18-5)); i++ )
+ {
+ UINT32 bits = 0;
+ for( j = 0; j < 32; j++ )
+ {
+ bits = (bits >> 1) | (shiftreg << 31);
+ if( ((shiftreg >> 16) & 1) == ((shiftreg >> 17) & 1) )
+ shiftreg = (shiftreg << 1) | 1;
+ else
+ shiftreg <<= 1;
+ }
+ poly18[i] = bits;
+ }
+
+ channel = stream_create(0, 1, Machine->sample_rate, NULL, pleiads_sound_update);
+
+ /* just a dummy alloc to make the caller happy */
+ return auto_malloc(1);
+}
+
+void *pleiads_sh_start(int clock, const struct CustomSound_interface *config)
+{
+ /* The real values are _unknown_!
+ * I took the ones from Naughty Boy / Pop Flamer
+ */
+
+ /* charge 10u?? (C??) through 330K?? (R??) -> 3.3s */
+ pa5_charge_time = 3.3;
+
+ /* discharge 10u?? (C??) through 220k?? (R??) -> 2.2s */
+ pa5_discharge_time = 2.2;
+
+ /* charge 2.2uF?? through 330?? -> 0.000726s */
+ pa6_charge_time = 0.000726;
+
+ /* discharge 2.2uF?? through 10k?? -> 0.22s */
+ pa6_discharge_time = 0.022;
+
+ /* 10k and 10uF */
+ pb4_charge_time = 0.1;
+ pb4_discharge_time = 0.1;
+
+ /* charge C49 (22u?) via R47 (2k?) and R48 (1k)
+ * time constant (1000+2000) * 22e-6 = 0.066s */
+ pc4_charge_time = 0.066;
+
+ /* discharge C49 (22u?) via R48 (1k) and diode D1
+ * time constant 1000 * 22e-6 = 0.022s */
+ pc4_discharge_time = 0.022;
+
+ /* charge 10u?? through 330 -> 0.0033s */
+ pc5_charge_time = 0.0033;
+
+ /* discharge 10u?? through ??k (R??) -> 0.1s */
+ pc5_discharge_time = 0.1;
+
+ /* both in K */
+ pa5_resistor = 33;
+ pc5_resistor = 47;
+
+ /* upper 556 upper half: Ra=10k??, Rb=200k??, C=0.01uF?? -> 351Hz */
+ tone2_max_freq = 351;
+
+ /* upper 556 lower half: Ra=47k??, Rb=100k??, C=0.01uF?? -> 582Hz */
+ tone3_max_freq = 582;
+
+ /* lower 556 upper half: Ra=33k??, Rb=100k??, C=0.0047uF??
+ freq = 1.44 / ((33000+2*100000) * 0.0047e-6) = approx. 1315 Hz */
+ tone4_max_freq = 1315;
+
+ /* how to divide the V/C voltage for tone #4 */
+ polybit_resistor = 47;
+ opamp_resistor = 20;
+
+ /* lower 556 lower half: Ra=100k??, Rb=1k??, C=0.01uF??
+ freq = 1.44 / ((100000+2*1000) * 0.01e-6) = approx. 1412 Hz */
+ noise_freq = 1412; /* higher noise rate than popflame/naughtyb??? */
+
+ return common_sh_start(config, "Custom (Pleiads)");
+}
+
+void *naughtyb_sh_start(int clock, const struct CustomSound_interface *config)
+{
+ /* charge 10u??? through 330K (R??) -> 3.3s */
+ pa5_charge_time = 3.3;
+
+ /* discharge 10u through 220k (R??) -> 2.1s */
+ pa5_discharge_time = 2.2;
+
+ /* charge 2.2uF through 330 -> 0.000726s */
+ pa6_charge_time = 0.000726;
+
+ /* discharge 2.2uF through 10K -> 0.022s */
+ pa6_discharge_time = 0.022;
+
+ /* 10k and 10uF */
+ pb4_charge_time = 0.1;
+ pb4_discharge_time = 0.1;
+
+ /* charge 10uF? (C??) via 3k?? (R??) and 2k?? (R28?)
+ * time constant (3000+2000) * 10e-6 = 0.05s */
+ pc4_charge_time = 0.05 * 10;
+
+ /* discharge 10uF? (C??) via 2k?? R28?? and diode D?
+ * time constant 2000 * 10e-6 = 0.02s */
+ pc4_discharge_time = 0.02 * 10;
+
+ /* charge 10u through 330 -> 0.0033s */
+ pc5_charge_time = 0.0033;
+
+ /* discharge 10u through ??k (R??) -> 0.1s */
+ pc5_discharge_time = 0.1;
+
+ /* both in K */
+ pa5_resistor = 100;
+ pc5_resistor = 78;
+
+ /* upper 556 upper half: 10k, 200k, 0.01uF -> 351Hz */
+ tone2_max_freq = 351;
+
+ /* upper 556 lower half: 47k, 200k, 0.01uF -> 322Hz */
+ tone3_max_freq = 322;
+
+ /* lower 556 upper half: Ra=33k, Rb=100k, C=0.0047uF
+ freq = 1.44 / ((33000+2*100000) * 0.0047e-6) = approx. 1315 Hz */
+ tone4_max_freq = 1315;
+
+ /* how to divide the V/C voltage for tone #4 */
+ polybit_resistor = 47;
+ opamp_resistor = 20;
+
+ /* lower 556 lower half: Ra=200k, Rb=1k, C=0.01uF
+ freq = 1.44 / ((200000+2*1000) * 0.01e-6) = approx. 713 Hz */
+ noise_freq = 713;
+
+ return common_sh_start(config, "Custom (Naughty Boy)");
+}
+
+void *popflame_sh_start(int clock, const struct CustomSound_interface *config)
+{
+ /* charge 10u (C63 in Pop Flamer) through 330K -> 3.3s */
+ pa5_charge_time = 3.3;
+
+ /* discharge 10u (C63 in Pop Flamer) through 220k -> 2.2s */
+ pa5_discharge_time = 2.2;
+
+ /* charge 2.2uF through 330 -> 0.000726s */
+ pa6_charge_time = 0.000726;
+
+ /* discharge 2.2uF through 10K -> 0.022s */
+ pa6_discharge_time = 0.022;
+
+ /* 2k and 10uF */
+ pb4_charge_time = 0.02;
+ pb4_discharge_time = 0.02;
+
+ /* charge 2.2uF (C49?) via R47 (100) and R48 (1k)
+ * time constant (100+1000) * 2.2e-6 = 0.00242 */
+ pc4_charge_time = 0.000242;
+
+ /* discharge 2.2uF (C49?) via R48 (1k) and diode D1
+ * time constant 1000 * 22e-6 = 0.0022s */
+ pc4_discharge_time = 0.00022;
+
+ /* charge 22u (C52 in Pop Flamer) through 10k -> 0.22s */
+ pc5_charge_time = 0.22;
+
+ /* discharge 22u (C52 in Pop Flamer) through ??k (R??) -> 0.1s */
+ pc5_discharge_time = 0.1;
+
+ /* both in K */
+ pa5_resistor = 33;
+ pc5_resistor = 47;
+
+ /* upper 556 upper half: Ra=10k, Rb=100k, C=0.01uF -> 1309Hz */
+ tone2_max_freq = 1309;
+
+ /* upper 556 lower half: Ra=10k??, Rb=120k??, C=0.01uF -> 1108Hz */
+ tone3_max_freq = 1108;
+
+ /* lower 556 upper half: Ra=33k, Rb=100k, C=0.0047uF
+ freq = 1.44 / ((33000+2*100000) * 0.0047e-6) = approx. 1315 Hz */
+ tone4_max_freq = 1315;
+
+ /* how to divide the V/C voltage for tone #4 */
+ polybit_resistor = 20;
+ opamp_resistor = 20;
+
+ /* lower 556 lower half: Ra=200k, Rb=1k, C=0.01uF
+ freq = 1.44 / ((200000+2*1000) * 0.01e-6) = approx. 713 Hz */
+ noise_freq = 713;
+
+ return common_sh_start(config, "Custom (Pop Flamer)");
+}