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+// license:BSD-3-Clause
+// copyright-holders:R. Belmont
+/*
+C140.c
+
+Simulator based on AMUSE sources.
+The C140 sound chip is used by Namco System 2 and System 21
+The 219 ASIC (which incorporates a modified C140) is used by Namco NA-1 and NA-2
+This chip controls 24 channels (C140) or 16 (219) of PCM.
+16 bytes are associated with each channel.
+Channels can be 8 bit signed PCM, or 12 bit signed PCM.
+
+Timer behavior is not yet handled.
+
+Unmapped registers:
+ 0x1f8:timer interval? (Nx0.1 ms)
+ 0x1fa:irq ack? timer restart?
+ 0x1fe:timer switch?(0:off 1:on)
+
+--------------
+
+ ASIC "219" notes
+
+ On the 219 ASIC used on NA-1 and NA-2, the high registers have the following
+ meaning instead:
+ 0x1f7: bank for voices 0-3
+ 0x1f1: bank for voices 4-7
+ 0x1f3: bank for voices 8-11
+ 0x1f5: bank for voices 12-15
+
+ Some games (bkrtmaq, xday2) write to 0x1fd for voices 12-15 instead. Probably the bank registers
+ mirror at 1f8, in which case 1ff is also 0-3, 1f9 is also 4-7, 1fb is also 8-11, and 1fd is also 12-15.
+
+ Each bank is 0x20000 (128k), and the voice addresses on the 219 are all multiplied by 2.
+ Additionally, the 219's base pitch is the same as the C352's (42667). But these changes
+ are IMO not sufficient to make this a separate file - all the other registers are
+ fully compatible.
+
+ Finally, the 219 only has 16 voices.
+*/
+/*
+ 2000.06.26 CAB fixed compressed pcm playback
+ 2002.07.20 R. Belmont added support for multiple banking types
+ 2006.01.08 R. Belmont added support for NA-1/2 "219" derivative
+*/
+
+
+#include "emu.h"
+#include "c140.h"
+
+struct voice_registers
+{
+ UINT8 volume_right;
+ UINT8 volume_left;
+ UINT8 frequency_msb;
+ UINT8 frequency_lsb;
+ UINT8 bank;
+ UINT8 mode;
+ UINT8 start_msb;
+ UINT8 start_lsb;
+ UINT8 end_msb;
+ UINT8 end_lsb;
+ UINT8 loop_msb;
+ UINT8 loop_lsb;
+ UINT8 reserved[4];
+};
+
+
+// device type definition
+const device_type C140 = &device_creator<c140_device>;
+
+
+//**************************************************************************
+// LIVE DEVICE
+//**************************************************************************
+
+INLINE int limit(INT32 in)
+{
+ if(in>0x7fff) return 0x7fff;
+ else if(in<-0x8000) return -0x8000;
+ return in;
+}
+
+
+//-------------------------------------------------
+// c140_device - constructor
+//-------------------------------------------------
+
+c140_device::c140_device(const machine_config &mconfig, const char *tag, device_t *owner, UINT32 clock)
+ : device_t(mconfig, C140, "C140", tag, owner, clock, "c140", __FILE__),
+ device_sound_interface(mconfig, *this),
+ m_sample_rate(0),
+ m_stream(NULL),
+ m_banking_type(0),
+ m_mixer_buffer_left(NULL),
+ m_mixer_buffer_right(NULL),
+ m_baserate(0),
+ m_pRom(NULL)
+{
+ memset(m_REG, 0, sizeof(UINT8)*0x200);
+ memset(m_pcmtbl, 0, sizeof(INT16)*8);
+}
+
+
+//-------------------------------------------------
+// device_start - device-specific startup
+//-------------------------------------------------
+
+void c140_device::device_start()
+{
+ m_sample_rate=m_baserate=clock();
+
+ m_stream = stream_alloc(0, 2, m_sample_rate);
+
+ m_pRom = (INT8 *)region()->base();
+
+ /* make decompress pcm table */ //2000.06.26 CAB
+ {
+ int i;
+ INT32 segbase=0;
+ for(i=0;i<8;i++)
+ {
+ m_pcmtbl[i]=segbase; //segment base value
+ segbase += 16<<i;
+ }
+ }
+
+ memset(m_REG,0,sizeof(m_REG));
+ {
+ int i;
+ for(i=0;i<C140_MAX_VOICE;i++) init_voice( &m_voi[i] );
+ }
+
+ /* allocate a pair of buffers to mix into - 1 second's worth should be more than enough */
+ m_mixer_buffer_left = auto_alloc_array(machine(), INT16, 2 * m_sample_rate);
+ m_mixer_buffer_right = m_mixer_buffer_left + m_sample_rate;
+
+ save_item(NAME(m_REG));
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < C140_MAX_VOICE; i++)
+ {
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].ptoffset), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].pos), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].key), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].lastdt), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].prevdt), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].dltdt), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].rvol), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].lvol), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].frequency), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].bank), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].mode), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].sample_start), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].sample_end), i);
+ save_item(NAME(m_voi[i].sample_loop), i);
+ }
+}
+
+
+//-------------------------------------------------
+// sound_stream_update - handle a stream update
+//-------------------------------------------------
+
+void c140_device::sound_stream_update(sound_stream &stream, stream_sample_t **inputs, stream_sample_t **outputs, int samples)
+{
+ int i,j;
+
+ INT32 rvol,lvol;
+ INT32 dt;
+ INT32 sdt;
+ INT32 st,ed,sz;
+
+ INT8 *pSampleData;
+ INT32 frequency,delta,offset,pos;
+ INT32 cnt, voicecnt;
+ INT32 lastdt,prevdt,dltdt;
+ float pbase=(float)m_baserate*2.0f / (float)m_sample_rate;
+
+ INT16 *lmix, *rmix;
+
+ if(samples>m_sample_rate) samples=m_sample_rate;
+
+ /* zap the contents of the mixer buffer */
+ memset(m_mixer_buffer_left, 0, samples * sizeof(INT16));
+ memset(m_mixer_buffer_right, 0, samples * sizeof(INT16));
+
+ /* get the number of voices to update */
+ voicecnt = (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE_ASIC219) ? 16 : 24;
+
+ //--- audio update
+ for( i=0;i<voicecnt;i++ )
+ {
+ C140_VOICE *v = &m_voi[i];
+ const struct voice_registers *vreg = (struct voice_registers *)&m_REG[i*16];
+
+ if( v->key )
+ {
+ frequency= vreg->frequency_msb*256 + vreg->frequency_lsb;
+
+ /* Abort voice if no frequency value set */
+ if(frequency==0) continue;
+
+ /* Delta = frequency * ((8MHz/374)*2 / sample rate) */
+ delta=(long)((float)frequency * pbase);
+
+ /* Calculate left/right channel volumes */
+ lvol=(vreg->volume_left*32)/C140_MAX_VOICE; //32ch -> 24ch
+ rvol=(vreg->volume_right*32)/C140_MAX_VOICE;
+
+ /* Set mixer outputs base pointers */
+ lmix = m_mixer_buffer_left;
+ rmix = m_mixer_buffer_right;
+
+ /* Retrieve sample start/end and calculate size */
+ st=v->sample_start;
+ ed=v->sample_end;
+ sz=ed-st;
+
+ /* Retrieve base pointer to the sample data */
+ pSampleData = m_pRom + find_sample(st, v->bank, i);
+
+ /* Fetch back previous data pointers */
+ offset=v->ptoffset;
+ pos=v->pos;
+ lastdt=v->lastdt;
+ prevdt=v->prevdt;
+ dltdt=v->dltdt;
+
+ /* Switch on data type - compressed PCM is only for C140 */
+ if ((v->mode&8) && (m_banking_type != C140_TYPE_ASIC219))
+ {
+ //compressed PCM (maybe correct...)
+ /* Loop for enough to fill sample buffer as requested */
+ for(j=0;j<samples;j++)
+ {
+ offset += delta;
+ cnt = (offset>>16)&0x7fff;
+ offset &= 0xffff;
+ pos+=cnt;
+ //for(;cnt>0;cnt--)
+ {
+ /* Check for the end of the sample */
+ if(pos >= sz)
+ {
+ /* Check if its a looping sample, either stop or loop */
+ if(v->mode&0x10)
+ {
+ pos = (v->sample_loop - st);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ v->key=0;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Read the chosen sample byte */
+ dt=pSampleData[pos];
+
+ /* decompress to 13bit range */ //2000.06.26 CAB
+ sdt=dt>>3; //signed
+ if(sdt<0) sdt = (sdt<<(dt&7)) - m_pcmtbl[dt&7];
+ else sdt = (sdt<<(dt&7)) + m_pcmtbl[dt&7];
+
+ prevdt=lastdt;
+ lastdt=sdt;
+ dltdt=(lastdt - prevdt);
+ }
+
+ /* Caclulate the sample value */
+ dt=((dltdt*offset)>>16)+prevdt;
+
+ /* Write the data to the sample buffers */
+ *lmix++ +=(dt*lvol)>>(5+5);
+ *rmix++ +=(dt*rvol)>>(5+5);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* linear 8bit signed PCM */
+ for(j=0;j<samples;j++)
+ {
+ offset += delta;
+ cnt = (offset>>16)&0x7fff;
+ offset &= 0xffff;
+ pos += cnt;
+ /* Check for the end of the sample */
+ if(pos >= sz)
+ {
+ /* Check if its a looping sample, either stop or loop */
+ if( v->mode&0x10 )
+ {
+ pos = (v->sample_loop - st);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ v->key=0;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if( cnt )
+ {
+ prevdt=lastdt;
+
+ if (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE_ASIC219)
+ {
+ lastdt = pSampleData[BYTE_XOR_BE(pos)];
+
+ // Sign + magnitude format
+ if ((v->mode & 0x01) && (lastdt & 0x80))
+ lastdt = -(lastdt & 0x7f);
+
+ // Sign flip
+ if (v->mode & 0x40)
+ lastdt = -lastdt;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ lastdt=pSampleData[pos];
+ }
+
+ dltdt = (lastdt - prevdt);
+ }
+
+ /* Caclulate the sample value */
+ dt=((dltdt*offset)>>16)+prevdt;
+
+ /* Write the data to the sample buffers */
+ *lmix++ +=(dt*lvol)>>5;
+ *rmix++ +=(dt*rvol)>>5;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Save positional data for next callback */
+ v->ptoffset=offset;
+ v->pos=pos;
+ v->lastdt=lastdt;
+ v->prevdt=prevdt;
+ v->dltdt=dltdt;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* render to MAME's stream buffer */
+ lmix = m_mixer_buffer_left;
+ rmix = m_mixer_buffer_right;
+ {
+ stream_sample_t *dest1 = outputs[0];
+ stream_sample_t *dest2 = outputs[1];
+ for (i = 0; i < samples; i++)
+ {
+ INT32 val;
+
+ val = 8 * (*lmix++);
+ *dest1++ = limit(val);
+ val = 8 * (*rmix++);
+ *dest2++ = limit(val);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+READ8_MEMBER( c140_device::c140_r )
+{
+ offset&=0x1ff;
+ return m_REG[offset];
+}
+
+
+WRITE8_MEMBER( c140_device::c140_w )
+{
+ m_stream->update();
+
+ offset&=0x1ff;
+
+ // mirror the bank registers on the 219, fixes bkrtmaq (and probably xday2 based on notes in the HLE)
+ if ((offset >= 0x1f8) && (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE_ASIC219))
+ {
+ offset -= 8;
+ }
+
+ m_REG[offset]=data;
+ if( offset<0x180 )
+ {
+ C140_VOICE *v = &m_voi[offset>>4];
+
+ if( (offset&0xf)==0x5 )
+ {
+ if( data&0x80 )
+ {
+ const struct voice_registers *vreg = (struct voice_registers *) &m_REG[offset&0x1f0];
+ v->key=1;
+ v->ptoffset=0;
+ v->pos=0;
+ v->lastdt=0;
+ v->prevdt=0;
+ v->dltdt=0;
+ v->bank = vreg->bank;
+ v->mode = data;
+
+ // on the 219 asic, addresses are in words
+ if (m_banking_type == C140_TYPE_ASIC219)
+ {
+ v->sample_loop = (vreg->loop_msb*256 + vreg->loop_lsb)*2;
+ v->sample_start = (vreg->start_msb*256 + vreg->start_lsb)*2;
+ v->sample_end = (vreg->end_msb*256 + vreg->end_lsb)*2;
+
+ #if 0
+ logerror("219: play v %d mode %02x start %x loop %x end %x\n",
+ offset>>4, v->mode,
+ find_sample(v->sample_start, v->bank, offset>>4),
+ find_sample(v->sample_loop, v->bank, offset>>4),
+ find_sample(v->sample_end, v->bank, offset>>4));
+ #endif
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ v->sample_loop = vreg->loop_msb*256 + vreg->loop_lsb;
+ v->sample_start = vreg->start_msb*256 + vreg->start_lsb;
+ v->sample_end = vreg->end_msb*256 + vreg->end_lsb;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ v->key=0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+void c140_device::set_base(void *base)
+{
+ m_pRom = (INT8 *)base;
+}
+
+
+void c140_device::init_voice( C140_VOICE *v )
+{
+ v->key=0;
+ v->ptoffset=0;
+ v->rvol=0;
+ v->lvol=0;
+ v->frequency=0;
+ v->bank=0;
+ v->mode=0;
+ v->sample_start=0;
+ v->sample_end=0;
+ v->sample_loop=0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ find_sample: compute the actual address of a sample given it's
+ address and banking registers, as well as the board type.
+
+ I suspect in "real life" this works like the Sega MultiPCM where the banking
+ is done by a small PAL or GAL external to the sound chip, which can be switched
+ per-game or at least per-PCB revision as addressing range needs grow.
+ */
+long c140_device::find_sample(long adrs, long bank, int voice)
+{
+ long newadr = 0;
+
+ static const INT16 asic219banks[4] = { 0x1f7, 0x1f1, 0x1f3, 0x1f5 };
+
+ adrs=(bank<<16)+adrs;
+
+ switch (m_banking_type)
+ {
+ case C140_TYPE_SYSTEM2:
+ // System 2 banking
+ newadr = ((adrs&0x200000)>>2)|(adrs&0x7ffff);
+ break;
+
+ case C140_TYPE_SYSTEM21:
+ // System 21 banking.
+ // similar to System 2's.
+ newadr = ((adrs&0x300000)>>1)+(adrs&0x7ffff);
+ break;
+
+ case C140_TYPE_ASIC219:
+ // ASIC219's banking is fairly simple
+ newadr = ((m_REG[asic219banks[voice/4]]&0x3) * 0x20000) + adrs;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return (newadr);
+}