/******************************************************************************
KIM-1
system driver
Juergen Buchmueller, Oct 1999
KIM-1 memory map
range short description
0000-03FF RAM
1400-16FF ???
1700-173F 6530-003 see 6530
1740-177F 6530-002 see 6530
1780-17BF RAM internal 6530-003
17C0-17FF RAM internal 6530-002
1800-1BFF ROM internal 6530-003
1C00-1FFF ROM internal 6530-002
6530
offset R/W short purpose
0 X DRA Data register A
1 X DDRA Data direction register A
2 X DRB Data register B
3 X DDRB Data direction register B
4 W CNT1T Count down from value, divide by 1, disable IRQ
5 W CNT8T Count down from value, divide by 8, disable IRQ
6 W CNT64T Count down from value, divide by 64, disable IRQ
R LATCH Read current counter value, disable IRQ
7 W CNT1KT Count down from value, divide by 1024, disable IRQ
R STATUS Read counter statzs, bit 7 = 1 means counter overflow
8 X DRA Data register A
9 X DDRA Data direction register A
A X DRB Data register B
B X DDRB Data direction register B
C W CNT1I Count down from value, divide by 1, enable IRQ
D W CNT8I Count down from value, divide by 8, enable IRQ
E W CNT64I Count down from value, divide by 64, enable IRQ
R LATCH Read current counter value, enable IRQ
F W CNT1KI Count down from value, divide by 1024, enable IRQ
R STATUS Read counter statzs, bit 7 = 1 means counter overflow
6530-002 (U2)
DRA bit write read
---------------------------------------------
0-6 segments A-G key columns 1-7
7 PTR KBD
DRB bit write read
---------------------------------------------
0 PTR -/-
1-4 dec 1-3 key row 1-3
4 RW3
5-9 7-seg 1-6
6530-003 (U3)
DRA bit write read
---------------------------------------------
0-7 bus PA0-7 bus PA0-7
DRB bit write read
---------------------------------------------
0-7 bus PB0-7 bus PB0-7
The cassette interface
======================
The KIM-1 stores data on cassette using 2 frequencies: ~3700Hz (high) and ~2400Hz
(low). A high tone is output for 9 cycles and a low tone for 6 cycles. A logic bit
is encoded using 3 sequences of high and low tones. It always starts with a high
tone and ends with a low tone. The middle tone is high for a logic 0 and low for
0 logic 1.
These high and low tone signals are fed to a circuit containing a LM565 PLL and
a 311 comparator. For a high tone a 1 is passed to DB7 of 6530-U2 for a low tone
a 0 is passed. The KIM-1 software measures the time it takes for the signal to
change from 1 to 0.
Pasting:
0-F : as is
+ (inc) : ^
AD : -
DA : =
GO : X
(note: DA only works when addressing RAM)
Test Paste:
=11^22^33^44^55^66^77^88^99^-0000
Now press up-arrow to confirm the data has been entered.
******************************************************************************/
#include "emu.h"
#include "cpu/m6502/m6502.h"
#include "sound/dac.h"
#include "machine/mos6530.h"
#include "imagedev/cassette.h"
#include "formats/kim1_cas.h"
#include "kim1.lh"
class kim1_state : public driver_device
{
public:
kim1_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag)
: driver_device(mconfig, type, tag),
m_maincpu(*this, "maincpu"),
m_riot2(*this, "miot_u2"),
m_cass(*this, "cassette"),
m_line0(*this, "LINE0"),
m_line1(*this, "LINE1"),
m_line2(*this, "LINE2"),
m_line3(*this, "LINE3") { }
required_device<cpu_device> m_maincpu;
required_device<mos6530_device> m_riot2;
required_device<cassette_image_device> m_cass;
DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_read_a);
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_write_a);
DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_read_b);
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER(kim1_u2_write_b);
UINT8 m_u2_port_b;
UINT8 m_311_output;
UINT32 m_cassette_high_count;
UINT8 m_led_time[6];
virtual void machine_start();
virtual void machine_reset();
DECLARE_INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(kim1_reset);
TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_cassette_input);
TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_update_leds);
protected:
required_ioport m_line0;
required_ioport m_line1;
required_ioport m_line2;
required_ioport m_line3;
};
static ADDRESS_MAP_START(kim1_map, AS_PROGRAM, 8, kim1_state)
AM_RANGE(0x0000, 0x03ff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_RAM
AM_RANGE(0x1700, 0x173f) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_DEVREADWRITE("miot_u3", mos6530_device, read, write )
AM_RANGE(0x1740, 0x177f) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_DEVREADWRITE("miot_u2", mos6530_device, read, write )
AM_RANGE(0x1780, 0x17bf) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_RAM
AM_RANGE(0x17c0, 0x17ff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_RAM
AM_RANGE(0x1800, 0x1bff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_ROM
AM_RANGE(0x1c00, 0x1fff) AM_MIRROR(0xe000) AM_ROM
ADDRESS_MAP_END
INPUT_CHANGED_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_reset)
{
if (newval == 0)
m_maincpu->reset();
}
static INPUT_PORTS_START( kim1 )
PORT_START("LINE0") /* IN0 keys row 0 */
PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("0") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_0) PORT_CHAR('0')
PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("1") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_1) PORT_CHAR('1')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("2") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_2) PORT_CHAR('2')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("3") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_3) PORT_CHAR('3')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("4") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_4) PORT_CHAR('4')
PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("5") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_5) PORT_CHAR('5')
PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("6") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_6) PORT_CHAR('6')
PORT_START("LINE1") /* IN1 keys row 1 */
PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("7") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_7) PORT_CHAR('7')
PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("8") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_8) PORT_CHAR('8')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("9") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_9) PORT_CHAR('9')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("A") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_A) PORT_CHAR('A')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("B") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_B) PORT_CHAR('B')
PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("C") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_C) PORT_CHAR('C')
PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("D") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_D) PORT_CHAR('D')
PORT_START("LINE2") /* IN2 keys row 2 */
PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("E") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_E) PORT_CHAR('E')
PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("F") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F) PORT_CHAR('F')
PORT_BIT( 0x10, 0x10, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("AD") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_MINUS) PORT_CHAR('-')
PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x08, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("DA") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_EQUALS) PORT_CHAR('=')
PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x04, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("+") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_UP) PORT_CHAR('^')
PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x02, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("GO") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_X) PORT_CHAR('X')
PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x01, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("PC") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F6)
PORT_START("LINE3") /* IN3 STEP and RESET keys, MODE switch */
PORT_BIT( 0x80, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x40, 0x40, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("sw1: ST") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F7)
PORT_BIT( 0x20, 0x20, IPT_KEYBOARD ) PORT_NAME("sw2: RS") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_F3) PORT_CHANGED_MEMBER(DEVICE_SELF, kim1_state, kim1_reset, NULL)
PORT_DIPNAME(0x10, 0x10, "sw3: SS") PORT_CODE(KEYCODE_NUMLOCK) PORT_TOGGLE
PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, "single step")
PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x10, "run")
PORT_BIT( 0x08, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x04, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x02, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
PORT_BIT( 0x01, 0x00, IPT_UNUSED )
INPUT_PORTS_END
READ8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_a )
{
UINT8 data = 0xff;
switch( ( m_u2_port_b >> 1 ) & 0x0f )
{
case 0:
data = m_line0->read();
break;
case 1:
data = m_line1->read();
break;
case 2:
data = m_line2->read();
break;
}
return data;
}
WRITE8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_a )
{
UINT8 idx = ( m_u2_port_b >> 1 ) & 0x0f;
if ( idx >= 4 && idx < 10 )
{
if ( data & 0x80 )
{
output_set_digit_value( idx-4, data & 0x7f );
m_led_time[idx - 4] = 15;
}
}
}
READ8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_read_b )
{
if ( m_riot2->portb_out_get() & 0x20 )
return 0xFF;
return 0x7F | ( m_311_output ^ 0x80 );
}
WRITE8_MEMBER( kim1_state::kim1_u2_write_b )
{
m_u2_port_b = data;
if ( data & 0x20 )
/* cassette write/speaker update */
m_cass->output(( data & 0x80 ) ? -1.0 : 1.0 );
/* Set IRQ when bit 7 is cleared */
}
TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_cassette_input)
{
double tap_val = m_cass->input();
if ( tap_val <= 0 )
{
if ( m_cassette_high_count )
{
m_311_output = ( m_cassette_high_count < 8 ) ? 0x80 : 0;
m_cassette_high_count = 0;
}
}
if ( tap_val > 0 )
m_cassette_high_count++;
}
TIMER_DEVICE_CALLBACK_MEMBER(kim1_state::kim1_update_leds)
{
UINT8 i;
for ( i = 0; i < 6; i++ )
{
if ( m_led_time[i] )
m_led_time[i]--;
else
output_set_digit_value( i, 0 );
}
}
void kim1_state::machine_start()
{
save_item(NAME(m_u2_port_b));
save_item(NAME(m_311_output));
save_item(NAME(m_cassette_high_count));
}
void kim1_state::machine_reset()
{
UINT8 i;
for ( i = 0; i < 6; i++ )
m_led_time[i] = 0;
m_311_output = 0;
m_cassette_high_count = 0;
}
static MACHINE_CONFIG_START( kim1, kim1_state )
/* basic machine hardware */
MCFG_CPU_ADD("maincpu", M6502, 1000000) /* 1 MHz */
MCFG_CPU_PROGRAM_MAP(kim1_map)
MCFG_QUANTUM_TIME(attotime::from_hz(60))
/* video */
MCFG_DEFAULT_LAYOUT( layout_kim1 )
/* sound hardware */
MCFG_SPEAKER_STANDARD_MONO("mono")
MCFG_SOUND_ADD("dac", DAC, 0)
MCFG_SOUND_ROUTE(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 1.00)
/* devices */
MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("miot_u2", MOS6530, 1000000)
MCFG_MOS6530_IN_PA_CB(READ8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_read_a))
MCFG_MOS6530_OUT_PA_CB(WRITE8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_write_a))
MCFG_MOS6530_IN_PB_CB(READ8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_read_b))
MCFG_MOS6530_OUT_PB_CB(WRITE8(kim1_state, kim1_u2_write_b))
MCFG_DEVICE_ADD("miot_u3", MOS6530, 1000000)
MCFG_CASSETTE_ADD( "cassette" )
MCFG_CASSETTE_FORMATS(kim1_cassette_formats)
MCFG_CASSETTE_DEFAULT_STATE(CASSETTE_STOPPED)
MCFG_TIMER_DRIVER_ADD_PERIODIC("led_timer", kim1_state, kim1_update_leds, attotime::from_hz(60))
MCFG_TIMER_DRIVER_ADD_PERIODIC("cassette_timer", kim1_state, kim1_cassette_input, attotime::from_hz(44100))
MACHINE_CONFIG_END
ROM_START(kim1)
ROM_REGION(0x10000,"maincpu",0)
ROM_LOAD("6530-003.bin", 0x1800, 0x0400, CRC(a2a56502) SHA1(60b6e48f35fe4899e29166641bac3e81e3b9d220))
ROM_LOAD("6530-002.bin", 0x1c00, 0x0400, CRC(2b08e923) SHA1(054f7f6989af3a59462ffb0372b6f56f307b5362))
ROM_END
/* YEAR NAME PARENT COMPAT MACHINE INPUT INIT COMPANY FULLNAME FLAGS */
COMP( 1975, kim1, 0, 0, kim1, kim1, driver_device, 0, "MOS Technologies", "KIM-1" , GAME_SUPPORTS_SAVE)