/*************************************************************************
Sega Z80-3D system
*************************************************************************/
#include "emu.h"
#include "includes/turbo.h"
#include "video/resnet.h"
typedef struct _sprite_info sprite_info;
struct _sprite_info
{
UINT16 ve; /* VE0-15 signals for this row */
UINT8 lst; /* LST0-7 signals for this row */
UINT32 latched[8]; /* latched pixel data */
UINT8 plb[8]; /* latched PLB state */
UINT32 offset[8]; /* current offset for this row */
UINT32 frac[8]; /* leftover fraction */
UINT32 step[8]; /* stepping value */
};
static const UINT32 sprite_expand[16] =
{
0x00000000, 0x00000001, 0x00000100, 0x00000101,
0x00010000, 0x00010001, 0x00010100, 0x00010101,
0x01000000, 0x01000001, 0x01000100, 0x01000101,
0x01010000, 0x01010001, 0x01010100, 0x01010101
};
/*************************************
*
* Palette conversion
*
*************************************/
PALETTE_INIT( turbo )
{
static const int resistances[3] = { 1000, 470, 220 };
double rweights[3], gweights[3], bweights[2];
int i;
/* compute the color output resistor weights */
compute_resistor_weights(0, 255, -1.0,
3, &resistances[0], rweights, 470, 0,
3, &resistances[0], gweights, 470, 0,
2, &resistances[1], bweights, 470, 0);
/* initialize the palette with these colors */
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
int bit0, bit1, bit2, r, g, b;
/* red component */
bit0 = (i >> 0) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 1) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 2) & 1;
r = combine_3_weights(rweights, bit0, bit1, bit2);
/* green component */
bit0 = (i >> 3) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 4) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 5) & 1;
g = combine_3_weights(gweights, bit0, bit1, bit2);
/* blue component */
bit0 = (i >> 6) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 7) & 1;
b = combine_2_weights(bweights, bit0, bit1);
palette_set_color(machine, i, MAKE_RGB(r, g, b));
}
}
PALETTE_INIT( subroc3d )
{
static const int resistances[3] = { 1000, 470, 220 };
double rweights[3], gweights[3], bweights[2];
int i;
/* compute the color output resistor weights */
compute_resistor_weights(0, 255, -1.0,
3, &resistances[0], rweights, 470, 0,
3, &resistances[0], gweights, 470, 0,
2, &resistances[1], bweights, 470, 0);
/* initialize the palette with these colors */
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
int bit0, bit1, bit2, r, g, b;
/* red component */
bit0 = (i >> 0) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 1) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 2) & 1;
r = combine_3_weights(rweights, bit0, bit1, bit2);
/* green component */
bit0 = (i >> 3) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 4) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 5) & 1;
g = combine_3_weights(gweights, bit0, bit1, bit2);
/* blue component */
bit0 = (i >> 6) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 7) & 1;
b = combine_2_weights(bweights, bit0, bit1);
palette_set_color(machine, i, MAKE_RGB(r, g, b));
}
}
PALETTE_INIT( buckrog )
{
static const int resistances[4] = { 2200, 1000, 500, 250 };
double rweights[3], gweights[3], bweights[4];
int i;
/* compute the color output resistor weights */
compute_resistor_weights(0, 255, -1.0,
3, &resistances[1], rweights, 1000, 0,
3, &resistances[1], gweights, 1000, 0,
4, &resistances[0], bweights, 1000, 0);
/* initialize the palette with these colors */
for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++)
{
int bit0, bit1, bit2, bit3, r, g, b;
/* red component */
bit0 = (i >> 0) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 1) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 2) & 1;
r = combine_3_weights(rweights, bit0, bit1, bit2);
/* green component */
bit0 = (i >> 3) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 4) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 5) & 1;
g = combine_3_weights(gweights, bit0, bit1, bit2);
/* blue component - note the shuffled bits */
bit0 = (i >> 8) & 1;
bit1 = (i >> 9) & 1;
bit2 = (i >> 6) & 1;
bit3 = (i >> 7) & 1;
b = combine_4_weights(bweights, bit0, bit1, bit2, bit3);
palette_set_color(machine, i, MAKE_RGB(r, g, b));
}
}
/*************************************
*
* Video startup
*
*************************************/
static TILE_GET_INFO( get_fg_tile_info )
{
turbo_state *state = machine.driver_data<turbo_state>();
int code = state->m_videoram[tile_index];
SET_TILE_INFO(0, code, code >> 2, 0);
}
VIDEO_START( turbo )
{
turbo_state *state = machine.driver_data<turbo_state>();
/* initialize the foreground tilemap */
state->m_fg_tilemap = tilemap_create(machine, get_fg_tile_info, tilemap_scan_rows, 8,8, 32,32);
}
VIDEO_START( buckrog )
{
turbo_state *state = machine.driver_data<turbo_state>();
/* initialize the foreground tilemap */
state->m_fg_tilemap = tilemap_create(machine, get_fg_tile_info, tilemap_scan_rows, 8,8, 32,32);
/* allocate the bitmap RAM */
state->m_buckrog_bitmap_ram = auto_alloc_array(machine, UINT8, 0xe000);
state->save_pointer(NAME(state->m_buckrog_bitmap_ram), 0xe000);
}
/*************************************
*
* Videoram access
*
*************************************/
WRITE8_HANDLER( turbo_videoram_w )
{
turbo_state *state = space->machine().driver_data<turbo_state>();
state->m_videoram[offset] = data;
if (offset < 0x400)
{
space->machine().primary_screen->update_partial(space->machine().primary_screen->vpos());
tilemap_mark_tile_dirty(state->m_fg_tilemap, offset);
}
}
WRITE8_HANDLER( buckrog_bitmap_w )
{
turbo_state *state = space->machine().driver_data<turbo_state>();
state->m_buckrog_bitmap_ram[offset] = data & 1;
}
/*************************************
*
* Sprite X scaling
*
*************************************/
INLINE UINT32 sprite_xscale(UINT8 dacinput, double vr1, double vr2, double cext)
{
/* compute the effective pixel clock for this sprite */
/* thanks to Frank Palazzolo for figuring out this logic */
/* compute the control voltage to the VCO */
/* VR1 and VR2 are variable resistors on Turbo, fixed on other boards */
double iref = 5.0 / (1.5e3 + vr2);
double iout = iref * ((float)dacinput / 256.0);
double vref = 5.0 * 1e3 / (3.8e3 + 1e3 + vr1);
double vco_cv = (2.2e3 * iout) + vref;
/* based on the control voltage, compute the frequency assuming a 50pF */
/* external capacitor; this is the graph in the datasheet. Some attempt */
/* to simulate the non-linearity at the edges has been made, but it is */
/* admittedly cheesy. */
double vco_freq;
if (vco_cv > 5.0)
vco_cv = 5.0;
if (vco_cv < 0.0)
vco_cv = 0.0;
if (cext < 1e-11)
{
if (vco_cv < 1.33)
vco_freq = (0.68129 + pow(vco_cv + 0.6, 1.285)) * 1e6;
else if (vco_cv < 4.3)
vco_freq = (3 + (8 - 3) * ((vco_cv - 1.33) / (4.3 - 1.33))) * 1e6;
else
vco_freq = (-1.560279 + pow(vco_cv - 4.3 + 6, 1.26)) * 1e6;
/* now scale based on the actual external capacitor; the frequency goes */
/* up by a factor of 10 for every factor of 10 the capacitance is reduced */
/* approximately */
vco_freq *= 50e-12 / cext;
}
else
{
/* based on figure 6 of datasheet */
vco_freq = -0.9892942 * log10(cext) - 0.0309697 * vco_cv * vco_cv
+ 0.344079975 * vco_cv - 4.086395841;
vco_freq = pow(10.0, vco_freq);
}
/* finally, convert to a fraction (8.24) of 5MHz, which is the pixel clock */
return (UINT32)((vco_freq / (5e6 * TURBO_X_SCALE)) * 16777216.0);
}
/*************************************
*
* Turbo sprite handling
*
*************************************/
static void turbo_prepare_sprites(running_machine &machine, turbo_state *state, UINT8 y, sprite_info *info)
{
const UINT8 *pr1119 = machine.region("proms")->base() + 0x200;
int sprnum;
/* initialize the line enable signals to 0 */
info->ve = 0;
info->lst = 0;
/* compute the sprite information, which was done on the previous scanline during HBLANK */
for (sprnum = 0; sprnum < 16; sprnum++)
{
UINT8 *rambase = &state->m_spriteram[sprnum * 0x10];
int level = sprnum & 7;
UINT8 clo, chi;
UINT32 sum;
/* perform the first ALU to see if we are within the scanline */
sum = y + (rambase[0] ^ 0xff);
clo = (sum >> 8) & 1;
sum += (y << 8) + ((rambase[1] ^ 0xff) << 8);
chi = (sum >> 16) & 1;
/* the AND of the low carry and the inverse of the high carry clocks an enable bit */
/* for this sprite; note that the logic in the Turbo schematics is reversed here */
if (clo & (chi ^ 1))
{
int xscale = rambase[2] ^ 0xff;
int yscale = rambase[3];// ^ 0xff;
UINT16 offset = rambase[6] + (rambase[7] << 8);
int offs;
/* mark this entry enabled */
info->ve |= 1 << sprnum;
/* look up the low byte of the sum plus the yscale value in */
/* IC50/PR1119 to determine if we write back the sum of the */
/* offset and the rowbytes this scanline (p. 138) */
offs = (sum & 0xff) | /* A0-A7 = AL0-AL7 */
((yscale & 0x08) << 5); /* A8-A9 = /RO11-/RO12 */
/* one of the bits is selected based on the low 7 bits of yscale */
if (!((pr1119[offs] >> (yscale & 0x07)) & 1))
{
offset += rambase[4] + (rambase[5] << 8);
rambase[6] = offset;
rambase[7] = offset >> 8;
}
/* the output of the ALU here goes to the individual level counter */
info->latched[level] = 0;
info->plb[level] = 0;
info->offset[level] = offset;
info->frac[level] = 0;
/*
actual pots read from one board:
VR1 = 310 Ohm
VR2 = 910 Ohm
*/
info->step[level] = sprite_xscale(xscale, 1.0e3 * input_port_read(machine, "VR1") / 100.0, 1.0e3 * input_port_read(machine, "VR2") / 100.0, 100e-12);
}
}
}
static UINT32 turbo_get_sprite_bits(running_machine &machine, UINT8 road, sprite_info *sprinfo)
{
const UINT8 *sprite_gfxdata = machine.region("gfx1")->base();
UINT8 sprlive = sprinfo->lst;
UINT32 sprdata = 0;
int level;
/* if we haven't left the road yet, sprites 3-7 are disabled */
if (!road)
sprlive &= 0x07;
/* loop over all live levels */
for (level = 0; level < 8; level++)
if (sprlive & (1 << level))
{
/* latch the data and advance the offset */
sprdata |= sprinfo->latched[level];
sprinfo->frac[level] += sprinfo->step[level];
/* if we're live and we've clocked more data, advance */
while (sprinfo->frac[level] >= 0x1000000)
{
UINT16 offs = sprinfo->offset[level];
UINT8 pixdata;
/* bit 0 controls which half of the byte to use */
/* bits 1-13 go to address lines */
/* bit 14 selects which of the two ROMs to read from */
pixdata = sprite_gfxdata[(level << 14) | ((offs >> 1) & 0x3fff)] >> ((~offs & 1) * 4);
sprinfo->latched[level] = sprite_expand[pixdata & 0x0f] << level;
/* if bit 3 is 0 and bit 2 is 1, the enable flip/flip is reset */
if ((pixdata & 0x0c) == 0x04)
{
sprinfo->lst &= ~(1 << level);
sprlive &= ~(1 << level);
}
/* if bit 15 is set, we decrement instead of increment */
sprinfo->offset[level] += (offs & 0x8000) ? -1 : 1;
sprinfo->frac[level] -= 0x1000000;
}
}
return sprdata;
}
/*************************************
*
* Turbo video update
*
*************************************/
SCREEN_UPDATE( turbo )
{
turbo_state *state = screen->machine().driver_data<turbo_state>();
bitmap_t *fgpixmap = tilemap_get_pixmap(state->m_fg_tilemap);
const UINT8 *road_gfxdata = screen->machine().region("gfx3")->base();
const UINT8 *prom_base = screen->machine().region("proms")->base();
const UINT8 *pr1114 = prom_base + 0x000;
const UINT8 *pr1115 = prom_base + 0x020;
const UINT8 *pr1116 = prom_base + 0x040;
const UINT8 *pr1117 = prom_base + 0x060;
const UINT8 *pr1118 = prom_base + 0x100;
const UINT8 *pr1121 = prom_base + 0x600;
const UINT8 *pr1122 = prom_base + 0x800;
const UINT8 *pr1123 = prom_base + 0xc00;
int x, y;
/* loop over rows */
for (y = cliprect->min_y; y <= cliprect->max_y; y++)
{
const UINT16 *fore = (UINT16 *)fgpixmap->base + y * fgpixmap->rowpixels;
UINT16 *dest = (UINT16 *)bitmap->base + y * bitmap->rowpixels;
int sel, coch, babit, slipar_acciar, area, offs, areatmp, road = 0;
sprite_info sprinfo;
/* compute the Y sum between opa and the current scanline (p. 141) */
int va = (y + state->m_turbo_opa) & 0xff;
/* the upper bit of OPC inverts the road (p. 141) */
if (!(state->m_turbo_opc & 0x80))
va ^= 0xff;
/* compute the sprite information; we use y-1 since this info was computed during HBLANK */
/* on the previous scanline */
turbo_prepare_sprites(screen->machine(), state, y, &sprinfo);
/* loop over columns */
for (x = 0; x <= cliprect->max_x; x += TURBO_X_SCALE)
{
int bacol, red, grn, blu, priority, foreraw, forebits, mx, ix;
int xx = x / TURBO_X_SCALE;
UINT8 carry;
UINT32 sprbits;
UINT16 he;
/* load the bitmask from the sprite position for both halves of the sprites (p. 139) */
he = state->m_sprite_position[xx] | (state->m_sprite_position[xx + 0x100] << 8);
/* the AND of the line enable and horizontal enable is clocked and held in LST0-7 (p. 143) */
he &= sprinfo.ve;
sprinfo.lst |= he | (he >> 8);
/* compute the X sum between opb and the current column; only the carry matters (p. 141) */
carry = (xx + state->m_turbo_opb) >> 8;
/* the carry selects which inputs to use (p. 141) */
if (carry)
{
sel = state->m_turbo_ipb;
coch = state->m_turbo_ipc >> 4;
}
else
{
sel = state->m_turbo_ipa;
coch = state->m_turbo_ipc & 15;
}
/* look up AREA1 and AREA2 (p. 142) */
offs = va | /* A0- A7 = VA0-VA7 */
((sel & 0x0f) << 8); /* A8-A11 = SEL0-3 */
areatmp = road_gfxdata[0x0000 | offs];
areatmp = ((areatmp + xx) >> 8) & 0x01;
area = areatmp << 0;
areatmp = road_gfxdata[0x1000 | offs];
areatmp = ((areatmp + xx) >> 8) & 0x01;
area |= areatmp << 1;
/* look up AREA3 and AREA4 (p. 142) */
offs = va | /* A0- A7 = VA0-VA7 */
((sel & 0xf0) << 4); /* A8-A11 = SEL4-7 */
areatmp = road_gfxdata[0x2000 | offs];
areatmp = ((areatmp + xx) >> 8) & 0x01;
area |= areatmp << 2;
areatmp = road_gfxdata[0x3000 | offs];
areatmp = ((areatmp + xx) >> 8) & 0x01;
area |= areatmp << 3;
/* look up AREA5 (p. 141) */
offs = (xx >> 3) | /* A0- A4 = H3-H7 */
((state->m_turbo_opc & 0x3f) << 5); /* A5-A10 = OPC0-5 */
areatmp = road_gfxdata[0x4000 | offs];
areatmp = (areatmp << (xx & 7)) & 0x80;
area |= areatmp >> 3;
/* compute the final area value and look it up in IC18/PR1115 (p. 144) */
/* note: SLIPAR is 0 on the road surface only */
/* ACCIAR is 0 on the road surface and the striped edges only */
babit = pr1115[area];
slipar_acciar = babit & 0x30;
if (!road && (slipar_acciar & 0x20))
road = 1;
/* also use the coch value to look up color info in IC13/PR1114 and IC21/PR1117 (p. 144) */
offs = (coch & 0x0f) | /* A0-A3: CONT0-3 = COCH0-3 */
((state->m_turbo_fbcol & 0x01) << 4); /* A4: COL0 */
bacol = pr1114[offs] | (pr1117[offs] << 8);
/* at this point, do the character lookup; due to the shift register loading in */
/* the sync PROM, we latch character 0 during pixel 6 and start clocking in pixel */
/* 8, effectively shifting the display by 8; at pixel 0x108, the color latch is */
/* forced clear and isn't touched until the next shift register load */
foreraw = (xx < 8 || xx >= 0x108) ? 0 : fore[xx - 8];
/* perform the foreground color table lookup in IC99/PR1118 (p. 137) */
forebits = pr1118[foreraw];
/* now that we have done all the per-5MHz pixel work, mix the sprites at the scale factor */
for (ix = 0; ix < TURBO_X_SCALE; ix++)
{
/* iterate over live sprites and update them */
/* the final 32-bit value is: */
/* CDB0-7 = D0 -D7 */
/* CDG0-7 = D8 -D15 */
/* CDR0-7 = D16-D23 */
/* PLB0-7 = D24-D31 */
sprbits = turbo_get_sprite_bits(screen->machine(), road, &sprinfo);
/* perform collision detection here via lookup in IC20/PR1116 (p. 144) */
state->m_turbo_collision |= pr1116[((sprbits >> 24) & 7) | (slipar_acciar >> 1)];
/* look up the sprite priority in IC11/PR1122 (p. 144) */
priority = ((sprbits & 0xfe000000) >> 25) | /* A0-A6: PLB1-7 */
((state->m_turbo_fbpla & 0x07) << 7); /* A7-A9: PLA0-2 */
priority = pr1122[priority];
/* use that to look up the overall priority in IC12/PR1123 (p. 144) */
mx = (priority & 7) | /* A0-A2: PR-1122 output, bits 0-2 */
((sprbits & 0x01000000) >> 21) | /* A3: PLB0 */
((foreraw & 0x80) >> 3) | /* A4: PLBE */
((forebits & 0x08) << 2) | /* A5: PLBF */
((babit & 0x07) << 6) | /* A6-A8: BABIT1-3 */
((state->m_turbo_fbpla & 0x08) << 6); /* A9: PLA3 */
mx = pr1123[mx];
/* the MX output selects one of 16 inputs; build up a 16-bit pattern to match */
/* these in red, green, and blue (p. 144) */
red = ((sprbits & 0x0000ff) >> 0) | /* D0- D7: CDR0-CDR7 */
((forebits & 0x01) << 8) | /* D8: CDRF */
((bacol & 0x001f) << 9) | /* D9-D13: BAR0-BAR4 */
(1 << 14) | /* D14: 1 */
(0 << 15); /* D15: 0 */
grn = ((sprbits & 0x00ff00) >> 8) | /* D0- D7: CDG0-CDG7 */
((forebits & 0x02) << 7) | /* D8: CDGF */
((bacol & 0x03e0) << 4) | /* D9-D13: BAG0-BAG4 */
(1 << 14) | /* D14: 1 */
(0 << 15); /* D15: 0 */
blu = ((sprbits & 0xff0000) >> 16) | /* D0- D7: CDB0-CDB7 */
((forebits & 0x04) << 6) | /* D8: CDBF */
((bacol & 0x7c00) >> 1) | /* D9-D13: BAB0-BAB4 */
(1 << 14) | /* D14: 1 */
(0 << 15); /* D15: 0 */
/* we then go through a muxer to select one of the 16 outputs computed above (p. 144) */
offs = mx | /* A0-A3: MX0-MX3 */
(((~red >> mx) & 1) << 4) | /* A4: CDR */
(((~grn >> mx) & 1) << 5) | /* A5: CDG */
(((~blu >> mx) & 1) << 6) | /* A6: CDB */
((state->m_turbo_fbcol & 6) << 6); /* A7-A8: COL1-2 */
dest[x + ix] = pr1121[offs];
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*************************************
*
* Subroc 3D sprite handling
*
*************************************/
/*
Sprite state machine:
1LINE = 0 (V & 0x108 == 0x108)
---------
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
20 21 21 20 20 21 21 20 20 05 25 2c 07 e7 37 22
_____ _____ _____ ________
RAD0 = ___| |_____| |_____| |__| |___
___________
RAD7 = ____________________________________| |
_________________
YCULL= ___________________________| |___
__
AX = _________________________________| |____________
__
D/A = __________________________________________| |___
___________________________ _____ _________
/CLK1= |__| |__|
__
WRPL = _______________________________________| |______
__
/CLK2= _______________________________________| |______
1LINE = 1 (V & 0x108 != 0x108)
---------
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
2c 2c 2c 2f 2f 2f 2f 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 0f 6f 2f 20
___________ ____________________
RAD0 = _________| |__| |___
___________ ________
RAD7 = _________| |______________| |___
_____________________ ____________________
YCULL= |__| |___
_____________________ ____________________
AX = |__| |___
D/A = _________________________________________________
____________________________________ _________
/CLK1= |__|
__
WRPL = _______________________________________| |______
/CLK2= _________________________________________________
*/
static void subroc3d_prepare_sprites(running_machine &machine, turbo_state *state, UINT8 y, sprite_info *info)
{
const UINT8 *pr1449 = machine.region("proms")->base() + 0x300;
int sprnum;
/* initialize the line enable signals to 0 */
info->ve = 0;
info->lst = 0;
/* compute the sprite information, which was done on the previous scanline during HBLANK */
for (sprnum = 0; sprnum < 16; sprnum++)
{
UINT8 *rambase = &state->m_spriteram[sprnum * 8];
int level = sprnum & 7;
UINT8 clo, chi;
UINT32 sum;
/* perform the first ALU to see if we are within the scanline */
sum = y + (rambase[0]/* ^ 0xff*/);
clo = (sum >> 8) & 1;
sum += (y << 8) + ((rambase[1]/* ^ 0xff*/) << 8);
chi = (sum >> 16) & 1;
/* the AND of the low carry and the inverse of the high carry clocks an enable bit */
/* for this sprite; note that the logic in the Turbo schematics is reversed here */
if (clo & (chi ^ 1))
{
int xscale = rambase[2] ^ 0xff;
int yscale = rambase[3];// ^ 0xff;
UINT16 offset = rambase[6] + (rambase[7] << 8);
int offs;
/* mark this entry enabled */
info->ve |= 1 << sprnum;
/* look up the low byte of the sum plus the yscale value in */
/* IC50/PR1119 to determine if we write back the sum of the */
/* offset and the rowbytes this scanline (p. 138) */
offs = (sum & 0xff) | /* A0-A7 = AL0-AL7 */
((yscale & 0x08) << 5); /* A8-A9 = /RO11-/RO12 */
/* one of the bits is selected based on the low 7 bits of yscale */
if (!((pr1449[offs] >> (yscale & 0x07)) & 1))
{
offset += rambase[4] + (rambase[5] << 8);
rambase[6] = offset;
rambase[7] = offset >> 8;
}
/* the output of the ALU here goes to the individual level counter */
info->latched[level] = 0;
info->plb[level] = 0;
info->offset[level] = offset << 1;
info->frac[level] = 0;
info->step[level] = sprite_xscale(xscale, 1.2e3, 1.2e3, 220e-12);
}
}
}
static UINT32 subroc3d_get_sprite_bits(running_machine &machine, sprite_info *sprinfo, UINT8 *plb)
{
/* see logic on each sprite:
END = (CDA == 1 && (CDA ^ CDB) == 0 && (CDC ^ CDD) == 0)
PLB = END ^ (CDA == 1 && (CDC ^ CDD) == 0)
end is in bit 1, plb in bit 0
*/
static const UINT8 plb_end[16] = { 0,1,1,2, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 0,1,1,2 };
const UINT8 *sprite_gfxdata = machine.region("gfx1")->base();
UINT32 sprdata = 0;
int level;
*plb = 0;
/* loop over all live levels */
for (level = 0; level < 8; level++)
if (sprinfo->lst & (1 << level))
{
/* latch the data and advance the offset */
sprdata |= sprinfo->latched[level];
*plb |= sprinfo->plb[level];
sprinfo->frac[level] += sprinfo->step[level];
/* if we're live and we've clocked more data, advance */
while (sprinfo->frac[level] >= 0x800000)
{
UINT32 offs = sprinfo->offset[level];
UINT8 pixdata;
/* bit 0 controls which half of the byte to use */
/* bits 1-13 go to address lines */
/* bit 14 selects which of the two ROMs to read from */
pixdata = sprite_gfxdata[(level << 15) | ((offs >> 1) & 0x7fff)] >> ((~offs & 1) * 4);
sprinfo->latched[level] = sprite_expand[pixdata & 0x0f] << level;
sprinfo->plb[level] = (plb_end[pixdata & 0x0f] & 1) << level;
/* if bit 3 is 0 and bit 2 is 1, the enable flip/flip is reset */
if (plb_end[pixdata & 0x0f] & 2)
sprinfo->lst &= ~(1 << level);
/* if bit 15 is set, we decrement instead of increment */
sprinfo->offset[level] += (offs & 0x10000) ? -1 : 1;
sprinfo->frac[level] -= 0x800000;
}
}
return sprdata;
}
/*************************************
*
* Subroc 3D video update
*
*************************************/
SCREEN_UPDATE( subroc3d )
{
turbo_state *state = screen->machine().driver_data<turbo_state>();
bitmap_t *fgpixmap = tilemap_get_pixmap(state->m_fg_tilemap);
const UINT8 *prom_base = screen->machine().region("proms")->base();
const UINT8 *pr1419 = prom_base + 0x000;
const UINT8 *pr1620 = prom_base + 0x200;
const UINT8 *pr1450 = prom_base + 0x500;
const UINT8 *pr1454 = prom_base + 0x920;
int x, y;
/* loop over rows */
for (y = cliprect->min_y; y <= cliprect->max_y; y++)
{
const UINT16 *fore = (UINT16 *)fgpixmap->base + y * fgpixmap->rowpixels;
UINT16 *dest = (UINT16 *)bitmap->base + y * bitmap->rowpixels;
sprite_info sprinfo;
/* compute the sprite information; we use y-1 since this info was computed during HBLANK */
/* on the previous scanline */
subroc3d_prepare_sprites(screen->machine(), state, y, &sprinfo);
/* loop over columns */
for (x = 0; x <= cliprect->max_x; x += TURBO_X_SCALE)
{
int offs, finalbits, ix;
UINT8 xx = x / TURBO_X_SCALE;
UINT8 foreraw, forebits, mux, cd, plb, mplb;
UINT16 he;
UINT32 sprbits;
/* load the bitmask from the sprite position for both halves of the sprites (p. 143) */
he = state->m_sprite_position[xx * 2] | (state->m_sprite_position[xx * 2 + 1] << 8);
/* the AND of the line enable and horizontal enable is clocked and held in LST0-7 (p. 143) */
he &= sprinfo.ve;
sprinfo.lst |= he | (he >> 8);
/* at this point, do the character lookup */
if (!state->m_subroc3d_flip)
foreraw = fore[xx];
else
foreraw = fore[(pr1454[(xx >> 3) & 0x1f] << 3) | (xx & 0x07)];
/* perform the foreground color table lookup in IC62/PR1620 (p. 141) */
forebits = pr1620[foreraw];
/* MPLB is set based on the high bit of the raw foreground data, as an OR over the output */
/* of the foreground color PROM */
mplb = (foreraw & 0x80) || ((forebits & 0x0f) == 0);
/* now that we have done all the per-5MHz pixel work, mix the sprites at the scale factor */
for (ix = 0; ix < TURBO_X_SCALE; ix++)
{
/* iterate over live sprites and update them */
/* the final 32-bit value is: */
/* CDA0-7 = D0 -D7 */
/* CDB0-7 = D8 -D15 */
/* CDC0-7 = D16-D23 */
/* CDD0-7 = D24-D31 */
sprbits = subroc3d_get_sprite_bits(screen->machine(), &sprinfo, &plb);
/* MUX0-3 is selected by PLY0-3 and the sprite enable bits, and is the output */
/* of IC21/PR1450 (p. 141), unless MPLB = 0, in which case the values are grounded (p. 141) */
if (mplb)
{
offs = (plb ^ 0xff) | /* A0-A7: /PLB0-7 */
((state->m_subroc3d_ply & 0x02) << 7); /* A8: PLY1 */
mux = pr1450[offs] >> ((state->m_subroc3d_ply & 0x01) * 4);
}
else
mux = 0;
/* CD0-3 are selected from the sprite bits and MUX0-2 (p. 141) */
sprbits = (sprbits >> (mux & 0x07)) & 0x01010101;
cd = (sprbits >> (24-3)) | (sprbits >> (16-2)) | (sprbits >> (8-1)) | sprbits;
/* MUX3 selects either CD0-3 or the foreground output (p. 141) */
if (mux & 0x08)
finalbits = cd;
else
finalbits = forebits;
/* we then go through a muxer to select one of the 16 outputs computed above (p. 141) */
offs = (finalbits & 0x0f) | /* A0-A3: CD0-CD3 */
((mux & 0x08) << 1) | /* A4: MUX3 */
(state->m_subroc3d_col << 5); /* A5-A8: COL0-COL3 */
dest[x + ix] = pr1419[offs];
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*************************************
*
* Buck Rogers sprite handling
*
*************************************/
static void buckrog_prepare_sprites(running_machine &machine, turbo_state *state, UINT8 y, sprite_info *info)
{
const UINT8 *pr5196 = machine.region("proms")->base() + 0x100;
int sprnum;
/* initialize the line enable signals to 0 */
info->ve = 0;
info->lst = 0;
/* compute the sprite information, which was done on the previous scanline during HBLANK */
for (sprnum = 0; sprnum < 16; sprnum++)
{
UINT8 *rambase = &state->m_spriteram[sprnum * 8];
int level = sprnum & 7;
UINT8 clo, chi;
UINT32 sum;
/* perform the first ALU to see if we are within the scanline */
sum = y + (rambase[0]/* ^ 0xff*/);
clo = (sum >> 8) & 1;
sum += (y << 8) + ((rambase[1]/* ^ 0xff*/) << 8);
chi = (sum >> 16) & 1;
/* the AND of the low carry and the inverse of the high carry clocks an enable bit */
/* for this sprite; note that the logic in the Turbo schematics is reversed here */
if (clo & (chi ^ 1))
{
int xscale = rambase[2] ^ 0xff;
int yscale = rambase[3];// ^ 0xff;
UINT16 offset = rambase[6] + (rambase[7] << 8);
int offs;
/* mark this entry enabled */
info->ve |= 1 << sprnum;
/* look up the low byte of the sum plus the yscale value in */
/* IC50/PR1119 to determine if we write back the sum of the */
/* offset and the rowbytes this scanline (p. 138) */
offs = (sum & 0xff) | /* A0-A7 = AL0-AL7 */
((yscale & 0x08) << 5); /* A8-A9 = /RO11-/RO12 */
/* one of the bits is selected based on the low 7 bits of yscale */
if (!((pr5196[offs] >> (yscale & 0x07)) & 1))
{
offset += rambase[4] + (rambase[5] << 8);
rambase[6] = offset;
rambase[7] = offset >> 8;
}
/* the output of the ALU here goes to the individual level counter */
info->latched[level] = 0;
info->plb[level] = 0;
info->offset[level] = offset << 1;
info->frac[level] = 0;
/* 820 verified in schematics */
info->step[level] = sprite_xscale(xscale, 1.2e3, 820, 220e-12);
}
}
}
static UINT32 buckrog_get_sprite_bits(running_machine &machine, sprite_info *sprinfo, UINT8 *plb)
{
/* see logic on each sprite:
END = (CDA == 1 && (CDA ^ CDB) == 0 && (CDC ^ CDD) == 0)
PLB = END ^ (CDA == 1 && (CDC ^ CDD) == 0)
end is in bit 1, plb in bit 0
*/
static const UINT8 plb_end[16] = { 0,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,2 };
const UINT8 *sprite_gfxdata = machine.region("gfx1")->base();
UINT32 sprdata = 0;
int level;
*plb = 0;
/* loop over all live levels */
for (level = 0; level < 8; level++)
if (sprinfo->lst & (1 << level))
{
/* latch the data and advance the offset */
sprdata |= sprinfo->latched[level];
*plb |= sprinfo->plb[level];
sprinfo->frac[level] += sprinfo->step[level];
/* if we're live and we've clocked more data, advance */
while (sprinfo->frac[level] >= 0x800000)
{
UINT32 offs = sprinfo->offset[level];
UINT8 pixdata;
/* bit 0 controls which half of the byte to use */
/* bits 1-13 go to address lines */
/* bit 14 selects which of the two ROMs to read from */
pixdata = sprite_gfxdata[(level << 15) | ((offs >> 1) & 0x7fff)] >> ((~offs & 1) * 4);
sprinfo->latched[level] = sprite_expand[pixdata & 0x0f] << level;
sprinfo->plb[level] = (plb_end[pixdata & 0x0f] & 1) << level;
/* if bit 3 is 0 and bit 2 is 1, the enable flip/flip is reset */
if (plb_end[pixdata & 0x0f] & 2)
sprinfo->lst &= ~(1 << level);
/* if bit 15 is set, we decrement instead of increment */
sprinfo->offset[level] += (offs & 0x10000) ? -1 : 1;
sprinfo->frac[level] -= 0x800000;
}
}
return sprdata;
}
/*************************************
*
* Buck Rogers video update
*
*************************************/
SCREEN_UPDATE( buckrog )
{
turbo_state *state = screen->machine().driver_data<turbo_state>();
bitmap_t *fgpixmap = tilemap_get_pixmap(state->m_fg_tilemap);
const UINT8 *bgcolor = screen->machine().region("gfx3")->base();
const UINT8 *prom_base = screen->machine().region("proms")->base();
const UINT8 *pr5194 = prom_base + 0x000;
const UINT8 *pr5198 = prom_base + 0x500;
const UINT8 *pr5199 = prom_base + 0x700;
int x, y;
/* loop over rows */
for (y = cliprect->min_y; y <= cliprect->max_y; y++)
{
const UINT16 *fore = (UINT16 *)fgpixmap->base + y * fgpixmap->rowpixels;
UINT16 *dest = (UINT16 *)bitmap->base + y * bitmap->rowpixels;
sprite_info sprinfo;
/* compute the sprite information; we use y-1 since this info was computed during HBLANK */
/* on the previous scanline */
buckrog_prepare_sprites(screen->machine(), state, y, &sprinfo);
/* loop over columns */
for (x = 0; x <= cliprect->max_x; x += TURBO_X_SCALE)
{
UINT8 foreraw, forebits, cd, plb, star, mux;
UINT8 xx = x / TURBO_X_SCALE;
UINT16 he;
UINT32 sprbits;
int palbits, offs, ix;
/* load the bitmask from the sprite position for both halves of the sprites (p. 143) */
he = state->m_sprite_position[xx * 2] | (state->m_sprite_position[xx * 2 + 1] << 8);
/* the AND of the line enable and horizontal enable is clocked and held in LST0-7 (p. 143) */
he &= sprinfo.ve;
sprinfo.lst |= he | (he >> 8);
/* at this point, do the character lookup and the foreground color table lookup in IC93/PR1598 (SH 5/5)*/
foreraw = fore[(pr5194[((xx >> 3) - 1) & 0x1f] << 3) | (xx & 0x07)];
offs = ((foreraw & 0x03) << 0) | /* A0-A1: BIT0-1 */
((foreraw & 0xf8) >> 1) | /* A2-A6: BANK3-7 */
((state->m_buckrog_fchg & 0x03) << 7); /* A7-A9: FCHG0-2 */
forebits = pr5198[offs];
/* fetch the STAR bit */
star = state->m_buckrog_bitmap_ram[y * 256 + xx];
/* now that we have done all the per-5MHz pixel work, mix the sprites at the scale factor */
for (ix = 0; ix < TURBO_X_SCALE; ix++)
{
/* iterate over live sprites and update them */
/* the final 32-bit value is: */
/* CDA0-7 = D0 -D7 */
/* CDB0-7 = D8 -D15 */
/* CDC0-7 = D16-D23 */
/* CDD0-7 = D24-D31 */
sprbits = buckrog_get_sprite_bits(screen->machine(), &sprinfo, &plb);
/* the PLB bits go into an LS148 8-to-1 decoder and become MUX0-3 (PROM board SH 2/10) */
if (plb == 0)
mux = 8;
else
{
mux = 7;
while (!(plb & 0x80))
{
mux--;
plb <<= 1;
}
}
/* MUX then selects one of the sprites and selects CD0-3 */
sprbits = (sprbits >> (mux & 0x07)) & 0x01010101;
cd = (sprbits >> (24-3)) | (sprbits >> (16-2)) | (sprbits >> (8-1)) | sprbits;
/* this info goes into an LS148 8-to-3 decoder to determine the priorities (SH 5/5) */
/* priority 7 is if bit 0x80 of the foreground color is 0; CHNG = 0 */
if (!(forebits & 0x80))
{
palbits = ((forebits & 0x3c) << 2) |
((forebits & 0x06) << 1) |
((forebits & 0x01) << 0);
}
/* priority 6 is if MUX3 is 0; CHNG = 1 */
else if (!(mux & 0x08))
{
offs = (cd & 0x0f) | /* A0-A3: CD0-3 */
((mux & 0x07) << 4) | /* A4-A6: MUX0-2 */
((state->m_buckrog_obch & 0x07) << 7); /* A7-A9: OBCH0-2 */
palbits = pr5199[offs];
}
/* priority 3 is if bit 0x40 of the foreground color is 0; CHNG = 0 */
else if (!(forebits & 0x40))
{
palbits = ((forebits & 0x3c) << 2) |
((forebits & 0x06) << 1) |
((forebits & 0x01) << 0);
}
/* priority 1 is if the star is set; CHNG = 2 */
else if (star)
{
palbits = 0xff;
}
/* otherwise, CHNG = 3 */
else
{
palbits = bgcolor[y | ((state->m_buckrog_mov & 0x1f) << 8)];
palbits = (palbits & 0xc0) | ((palbits & 0x30) << 4) | ((palbits & 0x0f) << 2);
}
/* store the final bits for this pixel */
dest[x + ix] = palbits;
}
}
}
return 0;
}