// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:Joakim Larsson Edstrom
/***************************************************************************
*
* KRON K-180 VGA terminal server
*
* 27/10/2015
*
* I baught this hardware on Ebay to have something with a Z80 CPU to play with.
* The hardware is a serial terminal controller with VGA output and a PC keyboard
* and was manufactured mid 90:ies by a company from Vinnitsa,Ukraine called KRON.
* There is a character generator with support for both western and cyrilic characters.
* The PCB is also filled with chips with cyrrilic characters on but thanks to this
* page I managed to translate most of them into western TTL logic names:
*
* - http://ganswijk.home.xs4all.nl/chipdir/soviet/
* - https://frakaday.blogspot.se/p/kron180.html - schematics and more info
*
* +-----||||||||||||||||||||-|||||||||||----|||||||||||||||||||-|||||||||-||||||||+
* | | RS232C | |Serial PN| | CENTRONICS PN | | VGA | |KEYBRD||
* | +----------------XP1 +-------XP2 +---------------XS3 +-----XS2 +----XS1|
* | +---DD27 +-----DD20 +-------DD34 +----DD3 +-------DD33 |
* | | 1488| |CD75189| | 74299 | | 7407 | | 74244.1 | |
* | +-----+ +-------+ +---------+ +------+ +---------+ |
* | +------DD17 +----DD9 |
* | +-----DD35 | 74670 | | 7403 | |
* | +--------------------DD10 | 7474 | ++------DD12 ++----DD14 +-----DD13 |
* | | Z8018006PSC | +-------+ | 74374 | | 74151 | | 74174 | |
* | | Z180 MPU | +----------+ +-------+ +-------+ |
* | +-----------------------+ +-----DD36 +------DD6 |
* | |7432.1 | +-------DD2 +----DD7 | 7474 | |
* | +-------+ | 74374 | |7474.1| +-------+ |
* | +---------+ +------+ |
* | +------DD15 +-----DD1 +----DD19 |
* | | 74138 | | 74166 | |7474.2| |
* |+-------BQ1 +-------------DD4 +--------+ +-------+ +------+ |
* ||XTAL | | | +-----DD16 +-----DD18 +-DD28 ..-^-.. |
* ||12.280MHz| | NM27C512 | | 7432 | | 74670 | 93C46CB1| / \ |
* |+---------+ +---------------+ +-----DD37 +-------+ EEPROM--+/ Beeper \ |
* |+------DD26 | 7400 | +----DD32 +----DD23| O | |
* || 74299 | +-------+ | 7474 | | 74259 |\ BQ2 / |
* |+---------+ +------------DD5 +-------+ +-------+ \ / |
* |+---------+ | HY6264A | +-----DD8 +----DD31 +---DD25 ''--_--'' |
* || 74374 | | 8Kb SRAM | | 7408 | | 7474 | | 7414 | +XS4
* |+------DD24 +--------------+ +-------+ +-------+ +------+ |P |
* | DD30-------+ +-----DD29 +---------BQ3 +---DD11 |W |
* | | 74244 | | 74393 | |XTL 29.3MHz| | 7404 | |R |
* +-----------------+---------+---+-------+--+-----------+--+------+--------------+
*
* 74299 - 8 bit bidirectional universal shift/storage register
* 7407 - 6 open collector drivers
* 74244 - Octal buffers/line drivers/line receivers
* 74670 - 4 x 4 register file with 3-state outputs
* 74151 - 1 of 8 demultiplexor
* 74374 - octal D type flip flops
* 74174 - 6 D type flip flops with clear
* 75189 - quadruple line receivers
* 74395 - 4 bit universal shift registers
* 74393 - dual 4 bit counters
* 74259 - 8 bit adressable latches
* 74166 - 8 bit shift register
*
*
* Keyboard interface
* ------------------
* XT: 1 start bit + 8 data bits @ ~2kbps
* AT: 1 start bit + 8 data bits + 1 odd parity bit @ ~10kbps
*
* Pin 1 CLK/CTS -
* Pin 2 RxD (AT:+ TxD/RTS) - via R to GND + Pin 4 (out) 7407 + pin 11 (DS0) 74299 8 bit shift register
* u Pin 3 (in) 7407 + pin 11 (INT2) CPU + pin 1 74299
* 1 3 + pin 4 (*PRE) 7474.2 + pin 6 (*Q) 7474.2
* 4 2 5 Pin 3 (CLK) 7474.2 + pin 8 (4Y) 7414
* Pin 2 (D) 7474.2 + Pin 17 (Q7 serial out) 74299
* Pin 3 Reset (AT:+ NC)
* Pin 4 GND - GND
* Pin 5 +5v - VCC
*
* Identified chips
* -----------------
* Z180 MPU (Z8018006PCS)
* NM27C512Q 64Kb EPROM, but A15 tied to +5v and schematics supports only 27256
* HY6264A 8Kb SRAM
* 93C46B1 128 bytes EEPROM
*
* Misc findings
* --------------
* - $17B9 might be keyboard input routine
* - indentified used OUT ports: $00, $02, $04, $07, $08, $0A, $0C, $0E, $0F, $40, $60
* - identified used IN ports: $10 (keyboard?), $30
* - screen memory at 0x8600
* - each position has 2 bytes <character> + <mode>
* - mode 0x08 is double height
* - characters seems to follow IBM PC Code page 437 for opening screen
* - terminal defaults to cyrillic characterset possibly due to setting in EEPROM
* - http://www.phantom.sannata.ru/forum/index.php?t=5200 - Kron-2 for sale
* - http://f-picture.net/fp/3b2a0496b981437a9c3f90ed236363c9 - Picture of Kron-2
* - http://www.kron.com.ua/
*/
#include "emu.h"
#include "cpu/z180/z180.h"
#include "machine/pckeybrd.h"
#include "screen.h"
#define VERBOSE 2
#define LOGPRINT(x) do { if (VERBOSE) logerror x; } while (0)
#define LOG(x) {}
#define LOGIO(x) {}
#define LOGSCAN(x) {}
#define LOGSCREEN(x) {}
#define LOGKBD(x) LOGPRINT(x)
#define RLOG(x) {}
#define LOGCS(x) {}
#if VERBOSE >= 2
#define logerror printf
#endif
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#define FUNCNAME __func__
#else
#define FUNCNAME __PRETTY_FUNCTION__
#endif
class kron180_state : public driver_device
{
public:
kron180_state(const machine_config &mconfig, device_type type, const char *tag) :
driver_device (mconfig, type, tag)
,m_maincpu (*this, "maincpu")
,m_videoram(*this, "videoram")
,m_keyboard(*this, "pc_keyboard")
{ }
uint8_t *m_char_ptr;
uint8_t *m_vram;
uint32_t screen_update(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect);
DECLARE_WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(keyb_interrupt);
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( sn74259_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset & 0x07, offset & 0x08 ? 1 : 0)); }
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( ap5_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, data)); }
DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER( ap5_r ){ LOGIO(("%s() %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, 1)); return 1; }
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( wkb_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, data)); }
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( sn74299_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, data)); }
DECLARE_READ8_MEMBER( sn74299_r ){ LOGIO(("%s() %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, 1)); return 1; }
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( txen_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, data)); }
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( kbd_reset_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, data)); }
DECLARE_WRITE8_MEMBER( dreq_w ){ LOGIO(("%s %02x = %02x\n", FUNCNAME, offset, data)); }
void kron180(machine_config &config);
void kron180_iomap(address_map &map);
void kron180_mem(address_map &map);
protected:
required_device<cpu_device> m_maincpu;
required_shared_ptr<uint8_t> m_videoram;
required_device<pc_keyboard_device> m_keyboard;
uint8_t m_kbd_data;
private:
virtual void machine_start () override;
};
void kron180_state::kron180_mem(address_map &map)
{
map.unmap_value_high();
map(0x0000, 0x7fff).rom().region("roms", 0x8000);
map(0x8000, 0x85ff).ram().mirror(0x6000);
map(0x8600, 0x95ff).ram().share("videoram").mirror(0x6000);
map(0x9600, 0x9fff).ram().mirror(0x6000);
}
/* IO decoding
*
* A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
* 0 x x x x x x x - 74138 selected
* 0 0 0 0 x x x x - 74259 selected
* 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 - EEPROM Data In
* 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 1 - COMDTR
* 0 0 0 0 D 0 1 0 - EEPROM CS
* 0 0 0 0 D 0 1 1 - Vertical Sync
* 0 0 0 0 D 1 0 0 - TBRQ and BLANK set
* 0 0 0 0 D 1 0 1 - BLINK
* 0 0 0 0 D 1 1 0 - CSTR
* 0 0 0 0 D 1 1 1 - EEPROM CLK
* 0 0 0 1 x x x x - AP5
* 0 0 1 0 x x x x - WKB
* 0 0 1 1 x x x x - 74299 G1+G2
* 0 1 0 0 x x x x - Reset of 74299
* 0 1 0 1 x x x x - Enable TX?
* 0 1 1 0 x x x x - Reset KBD
* 0 1 1 1 x x x x - DKA/DREQ0 Z180 = D0
*
* Now, in paralell there is alot of stuff going on in the upper I/O address lines
* they are driving the character generator and some other signals
* A19 - not available on the DIP64 package
* A18 - multiplexed pin used as Tout pulsing the VT1 signal
* A17 - WA on DD17 (74670) and DD18 (74670)
* A16 - WB on DD 17 (74670) and DD18 (74670)
*
* At the moment we emulate the screen at a high level so I just disregard the special functions on A16 - A18 by mirroring the mapping below
*/
void kron180_state::kron180_iomap(address_map &map)
{
map.global_mask(0xff);
map(0x0000, 0x000f).w(this, FUNC(kron180_state::sn74259_w));
map(0x0010, 0x001f).rw(this, FUNC(kron180_state::ap5_r), FUNC(kron180_state::ap5_w));
map(0x0020, 0x002f).w(this, FUNC(kron180_state::wkb_w));
map(0x0030, 0x003f).r(this, FUNC(kron180_state::sn74299_r));
map(0x0040, 0x004f).w(this, FUNC(kron180_state::sn74299_w));
map(0x0050, 0x005f).w(this, FUNC(kron180_state::txen_w));
map(0x0060, 0x006f).w(this, FUNC(kron180_state::kbd_reset_w));
map(0x0070, 0x007f).w(this, FUNC(kron180_state::dreq_w));
}
/* Input ports */
static INPUT_PORTS_START (kron180)
PORT_INCLUDE(pc_keyboard)
INPUT_PORTS_END
/* Video TODO: find and understand the char table within main rom */
uint32_t kron180_state::screen_update(screen_device &screen, bitmap_ind16 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
{
int x, y;
int vramad;
uint8_t *chardata;
uint8_t charcode;
LOGSCREEN(("%s()\n", FUNCNAME));
vramad = 0;
for (int row = 0; row < 25 * 8; row += 8)
{
for (int col = 0; col < 80 * 8; col += 8)
{
/* look up the character data */
charcode = m_vram[vramad];
if (VERBOSE && charcode != 0x20 && charcode != 0) LOGSCREEN(("\n %c at X=%d Y=%d: ", charcode, col, row));
chardata = &m_char_ptr[(charcode * 8) + 8];
/* plot the character */
for (y = 0; y < 8; y++)
{
chardata--;
if (VERBOSE && charcode != 0x20 && charcode != 0) LOGSCREEN(("\n %02x: ", *chardata));
for (x = 0; x < 8; x++)
{
if (VERBOSE && charcode != 0x20 && charcode != 0) LOGSCREEN((" %02x: ", *chardata));
bitmap.pix16(row + (8 - y), col + (8 - x)) = (*chardata & (1 << x)) ? 1 : 0;
}
}
vramad += 2;
}
if (VERBOSE && charcode != 0x20 && charcode != 0) LOGSCREEN(("\n"));
vramad += 96; // Each row is aligned at a 128 byte boundary
}
return 0;
}
/* Start it up */
void kron180_state::machine_start ()
{
LOG(("%s()\n", FUNCNAME));
m_char_ptr = memregion("chargen")->base();
m_vram = (uint8_t *)m_videoram.target();
/* register for state saving */
save_pointer (NAME (m_char_ptr), sizeof(m_char_ptr));
save_pointer (NAME (m_vram), sizeof(m_vram));
}
/* Interrupt Handling */
#if 0
WRITE8_MEMBER(kron180_state::irq0_ack_w)
{
m_irq0_ack = data;
if ((data & 1) == 1)
m_maincpu->set_input_line(0, CLEAR_LINE);
}
INTERRUPT_GEN_MEMBER(kron180_state::interrupt)
{
if ((m_irq0_ack & 1) == 1)
{
device.execute().set_input_line(0, ASSERT_LINE);
}
}
#endif
WRITE_LINE_MEMBER(kron180_state::keyb_interrupt)
{
if(state && (m_kbd_data = m_keyboard->read(machine().dummy_space(), 0)))
{
LOGKBD(("%s(%02x)\n", FUNCNAME, m_kbd_data));
m_maincpu->set_input_line(2, ASSERT_LINE);
/* TODO: store and present this to K180 in a good way. */
}
}
/*
* Machine configuration
*/
MACHINE_CONFIG_START(kron180_state::kron180)
/* basic machine hardware */
MCFG_DEVICE_ADD ("maincpu", Z180, XTAL(12'288'000))
MCFG_DEVICE_PROGRAM_MAP (kron180_mem)
MCFG_DEVICE_IO_MAP(kron180_iomap)
/* video hardware */
MCFG_SCREEN_ADD("screen", RASTER)
MCFG_SCREEN_COLOR(rgb_t::green())
MCFG_SCREEN_REFRESH_RATE(50)
MCFG_SCREEN_UPDATE_DRIVER(kron180_state, screen_update)
MCFG_SCREEN_SIZE(80 * 10, 24 * 10)
MCFG_SCREEN_VISIBLE_AREA(0, 639, 0, 199) // TODO: This need to be fixed once the real chartable is used...
MCFG_SCREEN_PALETTE("palette")
MCFG_PALETTE_ADD_MONOCHROME("palette")
/* keyboard TODO: fix it, doesn't work yet */
MCFG_PC_KEYB_ADD("pc_keyboard", WRITELINE(*this, kron180_state, keyb_interrupt))
MACHINE_CONFIG_END
/* ROM definitions */
ROM_START (kron180)
ROM_REGION(0x10000, "roms", 0)
ROM_LOAD ("k180dd4-2.8m.bin", 0x000000, 0x10000, CRC (ae0642ad) SHA1 (2c53a714de6af4b64e46fcd34bca6d4438511765))
ROM_REGION(0x1000, "chargen",0) /* TODO: This character rom is taken from ibmjr rom set and will be replaced */
ROM_LOAD( "cga.chr", 0x0000, 0x1000, CRC(42009069) SHA1(ed08559ce2d7f97f68b9f540bddad5b6295294dd) )
ROM_END
/* Driver */
// YEAR NAME PARENT COMPAT MACHINE INPUT CLASS INIT COMPANY FULLNAME FLAGS
COMP ( 1995, kron180, 0, 0, kron180, kron180, kron180_state, empty_init, "Kron Ltd", "Kron K-180", MACHINE_NOT_WORKING | MACHINE_NO_SOUND )